英語單詞發(fā)音規(guī)則
開閉音節(jié)的概念

開音節(jié)
1）以發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾的單節(jié)。 例：be，he。
2）以輔音字母（r 除外）+不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的音節(jié)。 例：make，like。
* 在重讀的開音節(jié)中元音字母按字母名稱讀音。

閉音節(jié)
以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r 除外）結(jié)尾而中間只有一個(gè)元音字母的音節(jié)，稱為閉音節(jié)。例：map，desk，is。
* 在重讀的閉音節(jié)中元音字母讀做短元音。

一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a 在開音節(jié)中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
? 在閉音節(jié)中 [?] bag dad hat map black back
e 在開音節(jié)中 [i:] he these me Chinese
? 在閉音節(jié)中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在開音節(jié)中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
? 在閉音節(jié)中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在開音節(jié)中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
? 在閉音節(jié)中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在開音節(jié)中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
? 在閉音節(jié)中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在開音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s后面時(shí)讀[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
? [i] orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
? [i] chicken pocket begin children
? i [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal
? [ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
? [Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
? [ju:] popular congratulation January
動(dòng)詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate
u處在開音節(jié)位置，又在輔音字母j l r s后面時(shí)，讀[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重讀音節(jié)中，許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 即可以讀作[E]音，也可以讀作[i]音。

三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
輔音字母r雙寫時(shí)，前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音。
例如： carry sorry hurry -r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音，例如：picture pleasure
重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時(shí)，重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。
例如：parent zero story during inspirng
某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)音短化現(xiàn)象。
例如：orange very American paragraph

六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在
j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
[u] book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui
在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音
元音字組或字群 讀音例詞
ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音或[i]。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)注重音符號(hào)，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。
例如：
everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[C:]
有些詞隨著語言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失去其單獨(dú)存在的意義，融合成為一個(gè)詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。
例如：
sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日
break中斷 + fast[α:]齋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜

九、輔字組的讀音
輔字組 讀音例詞
b ?[b] bike bus bag
? ? [/] bomb tomb
c? ? c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
? ?[s] face decide cinema
? ?ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
? ?[k] school headache chemistry
? ?[F] machine
? ?-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d ?[d] doctor bread hand day
? -dge [dV] bridge fridge
? dr- [dr] children driver drink
f ?[f] five four breakfast
g ?g在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
? ?[dV] orange large German
? ?gh [f] cough enough
? ?[/] light daughter high
? ?gu- -gue
? ?gu在非重讀音節(jié)中 [^] guess league dialogue
? ?[^w] language anguish
h ?[h] hot head house hand
? ? [/] hour honest
j ? ?[dV] jeep jar joke join July
k ? ?[k] kind bike skate make week
? ? ?kn- [n] knife know knock
l ? [l] life milk school tall
m ? ?[m] monkey come autumn
? ? ?-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n ?n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
? ? [N] uncle thank hungry
? ?-ng [N] morning young wrong
p ?[p] paper plane pig ship pen
? ? ?ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q? [k] Iraq
? ? qu- [kw] quality quite
r ? ?[r] red rubber ruler

s ?在詞首或清輔音前 元音字母間或濁輔音前 [s] sit sleep desk
? ?[z] music husband
? ?sc- [sk] scarlet
? ?[s] muscle science
? ?sh [F] she fish shirt wash

t ??在通常情況下在弱讀字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
? ?[F] patient nation
? ?tch [tF] watch
? ?th在通常情況下
? ?在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中
? ?在詞尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
? ?[T] the these with than
? ?[T] clothe fathe r weather
? ?tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v ?[v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
? ? ?[/] Answer two
? ? ?wh-
? ? ?wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
? ? [h] who whose whole
x? 在重讀元音前 [ks] box text exercise
? ?[gz] example exist exact
? ?wr- [r] write
y? [j] yes yard yellow young
z??[z] puzzle zero zoo

單詞劃分規(guī)律口訣
輔音原音為一組，
沒有元音輔單獨(dú)。
元音開頭元單獨(dú)，
其他還按正常讀。
遇組合算一個(gè)，
最后牢記慢拼讀。

單詞讀音記憶法
1看元輔
2找組
3劃音節(jié)
4標(biāo)注
5要(切末)牢記慢拼讀

單詞發(fā)音要點(diǎn)口訣
短音要點(diǎn)：短快彈
長(zhǎng)音要點(diǎn)：長(zhǎng)粘慢
雙圓音要飽滿
輔音結(jié)尾輕輕談