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2014年英語專四考試完型填空真題答案（網(wǎng)友版）

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真題原文：

?The Victorians had become addicted to speed and, like all speed crazy kids, they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became?increasingly?important. Although division of labour had been?conceived?by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,?it?could now become fully realised. This specialisation and - by implication - individualisation of labour was in?marked?contrast to the rural means of production, in?which?the family was the means of production, consumption and socialisation.

With?greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this?possible?and changed working life forever.?Gone?were the days when work was?dictated?by natural forces: steam engines were servant?to?neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more?regimented. The clocking-on machine was?invented?in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only?some?twenty years later.?But?it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided?secure?and predictable income, but long hours.

Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working?week?was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old?custom?of St. Monday - when no work was done - was gradually phased out and to?compensate, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume?until?Monday morning. A new division between 'work' and 'leisure' emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the?rise?of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.