【練習】

The growth of the world’s population and its pressure to resources __1

threaten to change the quality of life as we know it. It takes __2

100,000 years of human existence for the world to reach its 1997population of 5.85 billion people. The increase of 80 million people　in 1996 alone is the equivalent of a new U.S population every 3.4years or new Canadian population every 138 days. The UN population Fund predicts that by the year 2050, the world population have __3

exploded to 10 billion people. This would double in less than a century the already bulging population who existed when it reached __4

5 billion in 1987. The chemicals we spew into the air also cause disease.
For example, they attack the Earth’s ozone layer, which helps shield the Earth away the Sun’s deadly ultraviolet rays. It is well established __5

that the ozone layer has thinned considerably during recent decades.Concomitantly, the rate of new cases of the dead skin cancer, __6

melanoma, has grown dramatically from 1,168 of each 100,000 __7

Americans to 3,650. This 213 percent increase means that 40,300 Americans diagnosed with melanoma in 1997 and 3,650 died of the __8

disease. There are some scientists who believe that pollution is even threatening the ability of humans to produce. Chemicals which are __9

used to make pesticides, plastic, and other products are finding their ways into the human food chain through fish and even through __10

breast milk.

【答案】

1. to—on

“給……造成的壓力”應表述為 one’s pressure on something，名次pressure通知和介詞on搭配。

2. takes—took

句中的時間所指是1997年，所以必須用一般過去時。

3. popular--^will

這是一個時態(tài)問題。時間狀語by the year 2050 是一個非常重要的信息，它表示將來的某一個時間點，這時主句應該用“將來完成體”will have done.

4. who—that/which

關系分句的先行詞是population，盡管population的意思是“人口”，但是它的概念并不是somebody，而是something，所以關系代詞應該用that或者which。

5. away—from

shield something from something 的意思是“遮擋……使得不受……的侵害”。

6. dead—deadly

deadly 表“致命的”。

7. each—every

表示頻率“每……中有……”，這里應該用every，而不能用each，例如：once every week，不能說 once each week。

8. ^diagnosed—were

diagnose（診斷）是一個及物動詞，可以說be diagnose with/as…...例如：

The child has been diagnosed as having flu.

9. produce—reproduce

produce 的意思是“生產(chǎn)，制造”，reproduce的意思是“生殖，繁殖”。

10. ways—way

find one’s way into something 意思是“（設法）走進，進入”。在這個表達中，way只以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。這樣的詞組還有：push one’s way into, work one’s way into, elbow one’s way into等。

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