3．利用邏輯關(guān)系解題
利用邏輯關(guān)系是完型填空命題設(shè)計(jì)過程中用得較多的方法之一。解這類題目時(shí)需要我們多注意周圍生活常識(shí)、行文的脈絡(luò)及句子之間的轉(zhuǎn)承關(guān)系。

[例1]
The English language has now become an international language because it is widely used by most countries in the world, ____you want to do business with foreigners, you have to learn English, for most of them speak and write English.
A．As??? B．If????? C．So ? ?? D．Since
【解析】本段主要講述英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言在世界上被廣泛地運(yùn)用，后面一句是舉例說明。假如你想跟外國(guó)人做生意，你就必須學(xué)英文，因?yàn)樗麄兇蠖鄶?shù)人講英文。兩句句子是論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)的關(guān)系，論據(jù)部分用了假設(shè)的條件關(guān)系。因此，在理清句子之間的脈絡(luò)之后，很容易知道應(yīng)選B。

[例2]
Western country music describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home and money. It talks about friends and enemies, farms and crops. People in many parts of the world like western country music ___b____ everyone knows something about these ideas.
【解析】我們中國(guó)人對(duì)于西方鄉(xiāng)村音樂還是有所了解的，它描述生活中的一些事情，如愛情，事業(yè)，家庭，朋友，農(nóng)場(chǎng)，莊稼等，人們對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村音樂耳濡目染。本段的最后一句因與前文存在因果關(guān)系，因此填because。

[例3]
Sadly, it is very difficult for pandas to live in the world. Here are some of the_______ that pandas may have in the future. If hunters catch a panda, they will kill it for its fur. If farmers cut down trees and forests, pandas will have no place to live in.
A. examples ? ? ? B. questions???????? C. matters???????? D. problems
【解析】根據(jù)下文people will kill pandas和pandas will have no place to live in可以判斷，這都是說明熊貓?jiān)趯砜赡苊媾R的問題。B選項(xiàng)questions只是表達(dá)一般的問題。D項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。

[例4]
A month later, Mary hadn't heard from Peter or received any money, __s_____ she phoned him.
【解析】根據(jù)上文Mary hadn't heard from Peter和下文she phoned him可以判斷兩句之間存在著因果關(guān)系。因此填so。

4．利用語(yǔ)法和句型解題
這類題目主要考查學(xué)生在一定的語(yǔ)境中運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和識(shí)別句型的能力。由于學(xué)生對(duì)這類選項(xiàng)把握較大，因此這類題型的數(shù)量越來越少。

[例1]
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was________ years ago, but it has brought some new problems.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds
【解析】答案為B。此句主要考查數(shù)詞的用法。表示具體幾百時(shí)，應(yīng)是some hundred；表示成百上千時(shí)，則是hundreds of。

[例2]
Every day, standing at my information desk, I have to answer a lot of questions of the travelers coming from all ___o__ the world.
【解析】答案為over。all over the world是一個(gè)最為常見的固定搭配。

[例3]
Grandma Yang lives alone in our neighborhood. Her husband has been dead for eight years. Her only son lives and works in Britain. He asked her mother to go to Britain so that he can look ________her. But Grandma Yang won't go.
A. for B. around C. after D. care
【解析】look for意為尋找；look around意為向四周看；look after意為照顧。根據(jù)上文He asked her mother to go to Britain這一提示我們可以知道兒子為了是照顧媽媽，所以選C。

[例4]
April Fools' Day is on April l. People can play ___j____ on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, “April Fool!”
【解析】根據(jù)文章意思，在4月1日愚人節(jié)這天，人們經(jīng)常相互開玩笑。從語(yǔ)法角度看，play jokes on sb.是固定詞組。所以答案是jokes。

[例5]
Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are.
When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it's important to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it's OK to ____1____ a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn't noisy and ____2____ ,you may think there's something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there might even ____3____ to the owner of the restaurant.
Paving the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for ____4____ ．In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients（宴請(qǐng)賓客）, but ____5____ friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “going Dutch”（均攤費(fèi)用）．Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “l(fā)eaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it's ____6____ to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is, Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The way people eat food is different in the world, but you can ____7_____ the same kinds of food in many countries. Chinese and Italian food, for example, is popular all over the world.
1. A. cause B. keep C. hear D. make
2. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite
3. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. peak
4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none
5. A. until B. when C. unless D. since
6. A. terrible B. common C. serious D. unusual
7. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find
【解析】第一格選D，在不同國(guó)家有不同風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，根據(jù)我國(guó)特有的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣在餐廳都是吵吵鬧鬧的。make a noise是固定搭配。
第二格選A，事實(shí)上，如果在中國(guó)的餐廳不熱鬧那就意味著出事情了。lively也是表達(dá)活躍的氣氛，而BCD三個(gè)意思都不對(duì)。
第三格選C，根據(jù)上文論據(jù)in many western countries, restaurant are quiet places.和下文論點(diǎn)If a table is too loud（如果餐廳吵鬧），可以推斷出客人甚至可以向店主投訴。
第四格選A，按照中國(guó)風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣在付費(fèi)方面與西方人也不一樣，中國(guó)人常常一個(gè)人付所有人的錢。
第五格選B，這里講述西方人在……情況下一個(gè)人付所有人的錢，在……情況下，他們是AA制。這里句子之間存在狀語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系。因此，選B。
第六格選B，強(qiáng)調(diào)西方人付小費(fèi)是比較常見的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。unusual表達(dá)特殊的習(xí)慣。
第七格選D，雖然吃飯的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣不同，但是在不同國(guó)家卻能找到相同的食物。

[例6]
People often think Dimetrodon is a dinosaur(恐龍),but it was in fact _n_(1)_____ a dinosaur at all. It was one of the reptiles（爬蟲動(dòng)物）on Earth during the _l_(2)_____ Permian（二疊紀(jì)）period.
It was a large reptile. It lived in swampy（沼澤的） areas and had a very funny _ f_(3)_____ ---a large sail(脊鰭)on its back. Dimetrodon was a (4) to warm up in the morning and cool off _q_(5)____ ——during the day with the help of its sail.
It's easy to distinguish（區(qū)分）a Dimetrodon _ f_(6)______ a dinosaur. Dimetrodon's legs were on the side of its body while dinosaurs had their legs under their bodies.
It probably ran very fast _a_(7)____ it was very heavy.
【解析】
第一格填not。根據(jù)前半句人們經(jīng)常認(rèn)為是一種恐龍，但事實(shí)上它并不是，but表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折與前句的否定。
第二格填late。表達(dá)時(shí)間是很清楚的，這種動(dòng)物在二疊紀(jì)時(shí)期的后期出現(xiàn)，所給首字母是l，而不是e。如果是早期出現(xiàn)，那么應(yīng)填early。
第三格填feather。本題所缺詞性為名詞，講這種爬行動(dòng)物的后背有一個(gè)大的脊鰭，這是講它的特征。
第四、第五格分別填able和quickly。表達(dá)這種動(dòng)物的脊鰭的作用：可以早上暖和，白天又很快地冷卻。Be able to是固定搭配。
第六格填from。從語(yǔ)法角度看，distinguish只能與from搭配。
第七格填although。上句It probably ran very fast和下句it was very heavy.推斷兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折承讓關(guān)系。因此填although。
?