一、 倒裝句之全部倒裝
全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
1）here， there， now， then， thus等副詞置于句首， 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be， come， go， lie， run.
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2）表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首，謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。例如：Here he comes. Away they went.
二、倒裝句之部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do， does或did，并將其置于主語之前。
1）句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no， not， never， seldom， little， hardly， at no time， in no way， not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。
注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn‘t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
三、以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝
如 Not only…but also， Hardly/Scarcely…when， No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift， he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
注意：只有當(dāng)Not only… but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
四、so， neither， nor作部分倒裝
表示“也”、“也不” 的句子要部分倒裝。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won‘t go， neither will I.
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
-It‘s raining hard.-So it is.
五、only在句首要倒裝的情況
Only in this way， can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝
Only when he is seriously ill， does he ever stay in bed.
六、as， though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句
as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 （形容詞， 副詞， 分詞， 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。
注意：
1）句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
2）句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞， 其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語， 隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。
Try hard as he will， he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意：
讓步狀語從句中，有though，although時(shí)，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。