現(xiàn)在完成時三大高頻考點
作者：大自然的野孩子
來源：互聯(lián)網
2016-12-17 16:52
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一，考查其構成
“have?(has)?+動詞過去分詞”構成現(xiàn)在完成時。例如：
Kate's?never?seen?Chinese?films，____??
??A.?hasn't?she?B.?has?she?C.?isn't?she?D.?is?she
析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate?has的縮寫，故選B。
2.?His?uncle?has?already?posted?the?photos?to?him.?(改為否定句)
His?uncle?______?posted?the?photos?to?him?______.
析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasn't,?yet。
3.?-Ann?has?gone?to?Shanghai.?-So?______her?parents.???A.?has?B.?had?C.?did?D.?have
析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動詞+主語"結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為her?parents是復數(shù),故選D。
二，考查其用法與標志詞
(一)當句中有never,?ever,?just,?already,?yet,?before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：
1.?-Mum,?may?I?go?out?and?play?basketball?? -______you______?your?homework?yet?
A.?Do;?finish???B.?Are;?finishing???C.?Did;?finish????D.?Have;?finished
2.?-______?you?______anywhere?before??-Yes,?but?I?can't?remember?where?I______
A.?Did;?surf;?surfed?????????B.?Have;?surfed;?surfed
C.?Did;?surf;?have?surfed????D.?Have;?surfed;?have?surfed
析：據(jù)yet和before可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。
(二)當句中有"for?+段時間"或"since?+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，若是非延續(xù)性動詞，要改為延續(xù)性動詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語)。如：
1.?His?brother?has?been?to?Stone?Forest?twice______he?came?to?Yunnan.
A.?after???B.?before????C.?since?????D.?for
析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選C。
2.?Tom______the?CD?player?for?two?weeks.
A.?has?lent????B.?has?borrowed????C.?has?bought?????D.?has?had
析：A、B、C均為非延續(xù)性動詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時間"的短語連用，故選D。
3.?I______a?letter?from?him?since?he?left.
A.?didn't?receive???B.?haven't?got???C.?didn't?have???D.?haven't?heard
析：據(jù)since可知，應排除A、C，"hear?from?sb.=receive/get/have?a?letter?from?sb."意為"收到某人的來信"，故選B。
考查have/has?been?(to,?in)/have/has?gone?(to)的區(qū)別。如：
1.?-Have?you?ever______Lintong?to?see?the?Terra?Cotta?Warriors? -Yes,?I?have.
A.?went?to?????B.?gone?to?????C.?been?in??????D.?been?to
析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項意為"去某地了"，C項意為"一直呆在某地"，D項意為"去過某地"，符合題意，故選D。
2.?My?parents?______?Shangdong?for?ten?years.
A.?have?been?in????B.?have?been?to????C.?have?gone?to?????D.?have?been
析：本題句中有"for+段時間"結構，據(jù)此可排除C，B項意為"去過某地"，不合題意，D項缺介詞，故選A。
三，考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：
1.?Sun's?aunt?has?gone?there?for?ten?years.(改成正確的句子)
析：非延續(xù)性動詞與"段時間"連用時，除了把非延續(xù)性動詞改成延續(xù)性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型"It's?+段時間+since+從句"進行句子轉換。故答案為：Sun's?aunt?has?been?there?for?ten?years.?/Sun's?aunt?went?there?ten?years?ago.?/It's?ten?years?since?Sun's?aunt?went?there.
2.?Susan?has?been?in?this?city?for?more?than?ten?years.(改為同義句)
________more?than?ten?years?____Susan?______to?this?city.
析：據(jù)上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填It?is,?since,?came。
3.?I?won't?go?to?the?concert?because?I?____my?ticket.
A.?lost???B.?don't?lose???C.?have?lost???D.?is?coming
析：因我丟了票的動作發(fā)生在過去，而且對現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結果，符合現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的含意，故選C。
“have?(has)?+動詞過去分詞”構成現(xiàn)在完成時。例如：
Kate's?never?seen?Chinese?films，____??
??A.?hasn't?she?B.?has?she?C.?isn't?she?D.?is?she
析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate?has的縮寫，故選B。
2.?His?uncle?has?already?posted?the?photos?to?him.?(改為否定句)
His?uncle?______?posted?the?photos?to?him?______.
析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasn't,?yet。
3.?-Ann?has?gone?to?Shanghai.?-So?______her?parents.???A.?has?B.?had?C.?did?D.?have
析："so+助/系/情態(tài)動詞+主語"結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為her?parents是復數(shù),故選D。
二，考查其用法與標志詞
(一)當句中有never,?ever,?just,?already,?yet,?before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：
1.?-Mum,?may?I?go?out?and?play?basketball?? -______you______?your?homework?yet?
A.?Do;?finish???B.?Are;?finishing???C.?Did;?finish????D.?Have;?finished
2.?-______?you?______anywhere?before??-Yes,?but?I?can't?remember?where?I______
A.?Did;?surf;?surfed?????????B.?Have;?surfed;?surfed
C.?Did;?surf;?have?surfed????D.?Have;?surfed;?have?surfed
析：據(jù)yet和before可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。
(二)當句中有"for?+段時間"或"since?+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，若是非延續(xù)性動詞，要改為延續(xù)性動詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語)。如：
1.?His?brother?has?been?to?Stone?Forest?twice______he?came?to?Yunnan.
A.?after???B.?before????C.?since?????D.?for
析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選C。
2.?Tom______the?CD?player?for?two?weeks.
A.?has?lent????B.?has?borrowed????C.?has?bought?????D.?has?had
析：A、B、C均為非延續(xù)性動詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時間"的短語連用，故選D。
3.?I______a?letter?from?him?since?he?left.
A.?didn't?receive???B.?haven't?got???C.?didn't?have???D.?haven't?heard
析：據(jù)since可知，應排除A、C，"hear?from?sb.=receive/get/have?a?letter?from?sb."意為"收到某人的來信"，故選B。
考查have/has?been?(to,?in)/have/has?gone?(to)的區(qū)別。如：
1.?-Have?you?ever______Lintong?to?see?the?Terra?Cotta?Warriors? -Yes,?I?have.
A.?went?to?????B.?gone?to?????C.?been?in??????D.?been?to
析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項意為"去某地了"，C項意為"一直呆在某地"，D項意為"去過某地"，符合題意，故選D。
2.?My?parents?______?Shangdong?for?ten?years.
A.?have?been?in????B.?have?been?to????C.?have?gone?to?????D.?have?been
析：本題句中有"for+段時間"結構，據(jù)此可排除C，B項意為"去過某地"，不合題意，D項缺介詞，故選A。
三，考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：
1.?Sun's?aunt?has?gone?there?for?ten?years.(改成正確的句子)
析：非延續(xù)性動詞與"段時間"連用時，除了把非延續(xù)性動詞改成延續(xù)性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型"It's?+段時間+since+從句"進行句子轉換。故答案為：Sun's?aunt?has?been?there?for?ten?years.?/Sun's?aunt?went?there?ten?years?ago.?/It's?ten?years?since?Sun's?aunt?went?there.
2.?Susan?has?been?in?this?city?for?more?than?ten?years.(改為同義句)
________more?than?ten?years?____Susan?______to?this?city.
析：據(jù)上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填It?is,?since,?came。
3.?I?won't?go?to?the?concert?because?I?____my?ticket.
A.?lost???B.?don't?lose???C.?have?lost???D.?is?coming
析：因我丟了票的動作發(fā)生在過去，而且對現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結果，符合現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的含意，故選C。