虛擬語氣在定語從句的使用
作者:素衣
2016-07-28 15:54
一、虛擬語氣用于定語從句中
在It is (high, about)time(that)…句型中,that引導的定語從句中的謂語常用一般過去時來構成虛擬語氣。
例:It’s about time that we put an end to this controversy.
現(xiàn)在該是我們停止這場爭論的時候了。
例:It is time we went to bed.
我們該去睡覺了。
二、虛擬語氣用于if only 引導的從句中
在if only引導的從句中,謂語動詞須采用虛擬語氣,其用法與wish后賓語從句的用法基本相同,表示“但愿”,“要是…就好了”的意思。
例:If only I knew what you wanted.
要是我知道你需要什么就好了。
例:If only he had arrived in time,he would not have been punished.
他要是準時到達就好了。
經(jīng)典練習:
1、It’s already six o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____?
A)we are going home
B)we go home
C)we went home
D)we can go home
2、If only the committee____the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A)approve
B)will approve
C)can approve
D)would approve
3、It’s necessary____the dictionary immediately.
A)that he will return
B)that he returned
C)that he return
D)that he has to return
4、She must have had an accident, or he____then.
A)would have been here
B)had to be here
C)should be here
D)would be here
5、I apologize if I ____you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A)offended
B)had offended
C)should have offended
D)might have offended
解析:
1、答案選C)。在it’s about time that…..句型中,定語從句的謂語動詞應用過去時來表示虛擬語氣。所以C項是正確的。
2、答案選D)。if only表示一種愿望,謂語用“would+動詞原形”表示對將來事實的愿望,所以D是正確的。
3、答案選C)。在由it is necessary 等引導的主語從句要使用虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”或動詞原形。
4、答案選A)。由or引出的是與事實相反的假設條件,因此空缺處應填入表示虛擬語氣的謂語動詞。前一個分句中表示的是過去的時間,所以后一分句要用would have done的形式。所以A是正確的。
5、答案選B)。本題中but分句中的it was 表明事情發(fā)生在過去,因此條件句應用過去完成時,表示與過去事實相反,所以B是正確的。