用錯冠詞位置的若干情形
用錯冠詞位置的若干情形
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠詞則放在相應(yīng)的定語之前。但是當(dāng)名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊,你千萬別用錯。
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一、當(dāng)涉及such, what, many時
當(dāng)such, what, many 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在這些詞之后,而不是之前。如:I’ve never seen such a big apple. 我從未看到那樣大的蘋果。Many a woman has great influence upon her husband. Many a woman has great influ mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">許多婦女對其丈夫有很大影響。This hospital is a pattern of what a good hospital should be. 這家醫(yī)院就是好醫(yī)院的榜樣。說明:many a 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于 many 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但前者為正式用法,且語氣較強。
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二、當(dāng)涉及how, however, so, too, as時
當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞受到副詞how, however, so, too, as的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:的修飾時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)形容詞之后。如:She is as clever a cook as her mother. 她跟媽媽一樣做飯。It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本書供初學(xué)者看太難了。It’s so interesting a film that we all like it. 那部電影很有趣,我們大家都喜歡看。He didn't know how great a mistake he had made. 他不知道他自己犯了一個好大的錯誤。He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause. 他的性情太溫和了,即使有充分的理由,他也不會動怒。
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三、當(dāng)涉及rather, quite時
若單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有rather, quite 修飾,則不定冠詞常放在這些詞之后。如:rather, quite Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女兒真是個大美人。She is quite a help to her mother. 她是她媽媽的得力助手。It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire. 填寫那份問卷花了我好長一段時間。Mr Smith lived here for quite a long time. 史密斯先生在這兒住過很久。注意:若該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞還帶有形容詞修飾語,則不定冠詞可放在這些詞語之前或之后。如:He was rather a [a rather] naughty student. 他是一個相當(dāng)淘氣的學(xué)生。另外,若不定冠詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成習(xí)語或固定搭配時,rather和quite只能位于不定冠詞之前。如:Quite a few people are interested in seeing movies. 不少人對看電影感興趣。
四、不定冠詞與 half的位置關(guān)系在通常情況下,不定冠詞位于half之后,如說 half an hour,half an apple 等。如:I’ll be ready in half a minute. 我馬上就準(zhǔn)備好。The river is half a mile across. 這條河有半英里寬。The baby had a gain of half a pound. 嬰兒的體重增加了半磅。不過在美國英語中也可將不定冠詞置于half 之前,如說 a half hour, a half apple 等。值得注意的是,在以下情況中,必須說 a half,不能說 half a:1. 當(dāng)構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時:It’s a half-hour test. 那是一次半小時的測試。We need a half-dozen. 我們需要半打(即六個)。2. 當(dāng)half 不表示“一半”時:a half brother 同父異母或同母異父的兄弟3. 當(dāng)表示“幾個半”時:We stayed there for two and a half weeks [two weeks and a half]. 我們在那兒呆了兩周半。The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half. 從倫敦到牛津大約需要一個半小時。
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五、定冠詞與both, all, half, twice的位置關(guān)系當(dāng)這些詞與定冠詞連用時,定冠詞通常放在這些詞語之后。如:Not both the boys were ill. 并不是兩個孩子都病了。Yours is twice the size of mine. 你的是我的兩倍大。你的是我的兩倍大。Half the workers are women. 一半工人是婦女。There isn’t enough room for all the furniture. 沒有足夠的地方放置全部家具。
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