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一、概述
英語(yǔ)修辭的一個(gè)重要原則是尾重原則,即把句子最復(fù)雜的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在語(yǔ)言使用中為了避免產(chǎn)生頭重腳輕、結(jié)構(gòu)不平衡的句子,我們常采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例如:
1. Not only did he refuse the gift,he also severely criticized the sender.
他沒(méi)有收下禮物,還狠狠批評(píng)了送禮的人。
2. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她剛出門,就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪。
3. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
她剛出門,就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪。

二、需要注意的是:
1. 如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),如:
Not only you but also I am fond of music
只有當(dāng)Not only… but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
1)Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet.
他不僅是一位教師,而且是一位詩(shī)人。
2)Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
不僅他講得更正確,也講得更不費(fèi)勁了。

2.如果修飾主語(yǔ)就不能倒裝。
Only John was there-----因?yàn)閛nly已經(jīng)修飾主語(yǔ)了。
She met only John there------Only John did she meet there------only修飾John放在句首就要倒裝.

3. “only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)的倒裝
當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時(shí),其后用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序:
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到他錯(cuò)了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用這種方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 當(dāng)他回到家里時(shí),才知道出了什么事。

三、總結(jié):
以上是關(guān)于only的英語(yǔ)倒裝句,倒裝是英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)重要的修辭手段。倒裝句的使用豐富了我們的語(yǔ)言表達(dá),了解并掌握倒裝句各種句式的用法,不僅會(huì)提高我們對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的欣賞能力,對(duì)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力的提高也將大有裨益。因此,寫作中適當(dāng)用一些倒裝句式定會(huì)使文章表達(dá)更生動(dòng)、有力。?