基本介紹:?

IBT聽力中的修辭題是從聽力段落中抽取一段含有某種修辭手法的句子,后明辨該修辭手法的功能和目的。托福聽力中常見的修辭方法有比喻,夸張,比擬,接待,反問等等。修辭方法的運(yùn)用,無非是談話人為了豐富其語言色彩,達(dá)到化平淡為生動(dòng),化深?yuàn)W為淺顯,化抽象為具體的效果,或是為了深化談話人的意圖,突出言辭的震撼力。要正確回答修辭類型的提問,考生應(yīng)結(jié)合語境和氣氛,深刻領(lǐng)會(huì)談話人的真正目的。?

出現(xiàn)位置:

IBT聽力中的修辭題通常出現(xiàn)在課堂演講(lectures)部分,在2個(gè)長對(duì)話,4個(gè)課堂演講中,一般占5至6題。?

出題形式:

修辭題通常都是以特殊疑問詞開頭的特殊疑問句,例如:

Why does the professor say this?(詢問使用了何種修辭手段)

A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

B: To elicit an answer from the students.?

C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

D: To describe an imaginative situation.?

How dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? (詢問談話人是如何創(chuàng)造了某種修辭手段的) ? ? ??

A: by comparing X to Y

B: by giving an example of X?

Why does the professor say so? (節(jié)選了演講中某一帶有修辭用法的部分,讓考生回答為什么談話人用此修辭)

A: To point out a flaw?

B: To repeat a point?

C: To define an important term?

D: To exemplify a key point?

解題技巧:

1. 聽原文時(shí)即可適時(shí)判斷談話人的真實(shí)意圖,談話人某句講話修辭手法運(yùn)用明顯之時(shí),往往就是考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)之處。?

2. 熟悉常用修辭手段,如比喻(又分明喻,暗喻等),夸張,比擬,例證,借代,反問,反復(fù),設(shè)問等等。?

3. 注意根據(jù)上線問和談話氣氛來綜合回答問題,不要脫離主題憑空猜測談話人的修辭意圖。例如:

?(一)?

Professor: Through much of the last century, America’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.?

Narrator:?

Listen again to a part of the lecture. Then answer the question.?

Professor: …Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.?

Why does the professor say this?

A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

B: To elicit an answer from the students.?

C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

D: To describe an imaginative situation.?

解析:

該題是詢問為何使用某種修辭手法。 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??

從談話節(jié)選段落中我們很容易看出,教授使用的是暗喻的方法。

該段落大概的意思是:在上個(gè)世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間里,美國式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波瀾不驚;而今,卻如清風(fēng)拂絮,撒落人間。 ? ??

暗喻的方式是為了形成對(duì)比,從而激起聽者的想象力,活躍課堂談話的氣氛。

綜上所述正確答案為C。

(二)?

Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.

Professor: Although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.?

Why does the professor say so??

A: To point out the advantage.?

B: To repeat a point?

C: To define an important point.?

D: To exemplify a key point

解析:

在看到題目的時(shí)候,注意不要脫離修辭談具體,想想原材料中的具體的情形。

另外有的干擾選項(xiàng)會(huì)脫離原文,即前面所說的不結(jié)合上下文和氣氛進(jìn)行臆斷。所以要多多注意。

還有的選項(xiàng)是利用其他修辭手段的特征,混淆正確選項(xiàng)。所以在這方面也要多多注意。

該題正確選項(xiàng)為A。

總之,在把握IBT聽力修辭題的時(shí)候要多多注意材料中出現(xiàn)的修辭方法,例如比喻,夸張,比擬,接待,反問等。排除干擾項(xiàng),選出正確答案。