2018年12月英語四級(jí)真題答案卷一寫作

留學(xué)的挑戰(zhàn)

Directions: the challenge of starting a career after graduation

Nowadays, more and more graduates are inclined to start a career after graduation, however, considering the current employment circumstance, it is undoubtedly that setting up a business of their own would be bound to meet quite a lot of challenges.

To be specific, there proves to be a cruel reality that we cannot ignore that entrepreneurship requires some basic qualifications, including appropriate opportunities, initial capital, social resources and management ability, the majority of which, unfortunately, happens to be the student entrepreneurs’ shortage. In addition, the fiercer competition and mature market inevitably and correspondingly evolve into the emerging handicap to launch a business successfully, which present higher demand for students.

Therefore, as an undergraduate, in my own view, we should make a rational plan, accumulate related experience and build up a network before starting our own business.

2018年12月英語四級(jí)真題答案卷一聽力

短篇新聞：

News Report One

參考答案：

1. Set up a mobile phone net work on the moon.

2. It is stable.

主旨內(nèi)容：

科學(xué)家們想要在月球上安置一個(gè)設(shè)備，這樣就是史上第一次在月球上可提供移動(dòng)信號(hào),且月球網(wǎng)絡(luò)將支持月球和地球之間的高清視頻和數(shù)據(jù)流。

參考原文：

A device that weighs less than 1 kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful, the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and the earth. The network is part of a mission to the moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon Nine Rocket in 2019. Mission to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon. The scientists working on the project opted to build 4G rather than the fifth generation or 5G work. This is because fifth generation networks are still in testing and trial phases. This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon’s surface.

Question 1. What are scientists planning to do?

Question 2. Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission?

解析：

本篇新聞難度適中，第一題類似主旨題，問到了科學(xué)家的計(jì)劃，在新聞導(dǎo)語第一句即給出了本篇新聞的主旨內(nèi)容，即在月球上安置一個(gè)可支持4G的設(shè)備。第二題是一道問原因的題目，答案即在最后兩句，關(guān)鍵詞because聽得十分清晰，聽到后繼續(xù)等待即是答案。

News Report Two

參考答案：

3. No injuries were yet reported.

4. Pull down the deserted shopping mall.

主旨內(nèi)容：

在一個(gè)在圣瑪麗亞教堂旁廢棄的購物中心晚上發(fā)生了火災(zāi)事件。火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，大樓內(nèi)有一些人，但是并沒有發(fā)生傷亡時(shí)間。該購物中心自2002年以來一直沒有投入使用。2014年，市政廳制定了拆除建筑物的計(jì)劃，并將其替換為經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房。然而，由于缺乏資金，該計(jì)劃被取消。

參考原文：

Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Heywood. The fire was reported at 9:26 p.m. at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin. There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries. Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn’t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002. In 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing. However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.

Question 3. What does the news item say about the fire?

Question 4. What had City Hall planned to do?

解析：

本篇新聞考查的是主旨題加細(xì)節(jié)題。第一題針對(duì)新聞主旨題，答案出現(xiàn)在新聞第一句導(dǎo)語部分，所聽即所得即可。第二題考查市政廳之前的計(jì)劃，本該拆除的大樓由于資金匱乏沒有拆除，答案出現(xiàn)在最后兩句話，且有關(guān)鍵詞提示，難度不大。

News Report Three

參考答案：

5. Insufficient potato supply.

6. It is afraid of the spread of disease.

7. Global warming.

主旨內(nèi)容：

去年風(fēng)暴和洪水及其主要的馬鈴薯種植區(qū)造成了最嚴(yán)重的收成問題，使得日本在因馬鈴薯短缺后，薯片價(jià)格是正常價(jià)格的6倍。且因?yàn)閷?duì)疾病的恐懼，日本法律限制馬鈴薯的進(jìn)口數(shù)量，只允許來自美國(guó)選定州的馬鈴薯。

參考原文：

Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price. This is after the country’s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage. Storms and floods and its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest and more than 3 decades. Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-ya are halting almost 50 products. “We don’t know when we’ll be able to restart”, a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are bare. Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese made products. Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports. But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.

Question 5. What problem is Japan facing?

Question 6. Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes?

Question 7. What might affect Japanese domestic produce?

解析：

本篇首尾兩題答案出自于新聞的首尾，答案位置清晰，因此難度并不大。且最后一題有提示詞but，轉(zhuǎn)折之后的答案出現(xiàn)是考生需要重點(diǎn)注意的。

長(zhǎng)對(duì)話

Conversation One:

參考答案：

8. Dull

9. She takes notes.

10. It keeps her mind active.

11. It helps her better remember what she learns.

主旨內(nèi)容：

兩位學(xué)生就上課如何集中注意力進(jìn)行了探討。女生提出在聽講時(shí)要用手記筆記，才能夠把老師講解的內(nèi)容記住，并且在必要情況甚至可以畫無意義的線條來使自己集中注意力;在家學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)需要講知識(shí)大聲讀出來，這些都是通過身體來記憶知識(shí)。

參考原文：

M: Mr. Brown’s lectures are so boring.

W: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.

M: During every one of his lectures, I try to listen. I really try. But after about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour?

W: Well, what I do is keep my pen moving.

M: What do you mean?

W: It’s a method of active concentration I read about. One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down. But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard. You see writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you’re learning in a more physical way.

M: Do you review your notes afterwards then?

W: Sometimes, but that’s not important. My notes may or may not be useful but the point is that by writing down what Mr. Brand says I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact, sometimes I draw a little too.

M: You draw in class and that helps me pay attention?

W: Yes, honestly it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article I read. It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored and help to concentrate. Again the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving. If I’m at home and I need to study what I do is read out loud. It has a similar effect to writing by hand. It helps memorize information in a physical way.

Question 8. What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures?

Question 9. What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures?

Question 10. Why does the woman draw in class?

Question 11. What does the woman say about reading out loud?

解析：

本段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話是考生比較熟悉的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)景和知識(shí)點(diǎn)。第一題類問男生對(duì)于老師課程的觀點(diǎn)，在首回合第一句給出答案，所聽即所得。后面就是問答類型，重點(diǎn)聽回答者，也就是本篇中的女士給出答案。由于最后兩題答案在同一回合給出，比較接近，因此需要考生迅速反應(yīng)，有一定難度。

Conversation Two

參考答案：

12. To spend her honeymoon.

13. In memory of a princess.

14. It has walls decorated with jewels.

15. They are mostly crowded.

主旨內(nèi)容：

兩個(gè)人就印度旅游相關(guān)信息展開討論，降到了泰姬陵的來源和對(duì)其印象，印度的交通情況已經(jīng)印度食物。

參考原文：

M: And where is this?

W: These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India. We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.

M: Was it romantic.

W: Yeah. The Taj Mahal was a very romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school. I think it was during the 1600 and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th child. The Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.

M: Wow. That sounds very romantic. It looks amazing.

W: Yes, it’s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there are gardens in a wall around it all. It’s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.

M: It must have been very crowded when you were there.

W: Yes, it’s a very famous tourist destination. So there are thousands of visitors every day.

M: Was the rest of India crowded?

W: Yes, very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible but the people were friendly. The culture is amazing and we had a great time.

M: What about the food?

W: The Indian food is great. There are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food.

Question 12. For what purpose did the woman go to India?

Question 13. Why was the Taj Mahal built?

Question 14. What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal?

Question 15. what is the woman‘s impression of Indian cities?

解析：

本段對(duì)話是以問答形式展開，因此在聽答案的過程中只需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注女士所講的即可。在這部分相對(duì)信息量比較大，但是有兩道題目都考察到了有關(guān)原因，因此原因類型的題目在長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中仍然是考生需要關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。

篇章

Passage One

參考答案：

16. They provide residents with the resources they need.

17. By inspiring their creativity.

18. Their number increased modestly.

主旨內(nèi)容：

一個(gè)研究中心就超過1000個(gè)美國(guó)人進(jìn)行了有關(guān)公共圖書館的調(diào)查，調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，美國(guó)人繼續(xù)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐墓矆D書館表示支持態(tài)度。

參考原文：

A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. For instance, around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need and 66% say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community. Although notably just 33% say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family. A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people, and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the April 2016 survey also measured Americans usage of and engagement with libraries. Overall, 53% of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with the puppet library in the past year either through an in person visit or using a library website some 48% of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months. A modest increase from the 44% who said that in late 2015.

Question 16. What do most Americans say about local public libraries?

Question 17. How can local public libraries benefit young people?

Question 18. What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users?

解析：

本篇短文提到了較多的數(shù)字，這對(duì)于很多對(duì)數(shù)字不敏感的同學(xué)來說，有所難度，且因?yàn)檫@篇短文信息量比較大，所以部分內(nèi)容甚至要求學(xué)生能記筆記，因此這篇短文難度較大。

Passage Two

參考答案：

19. It is an unusual cross breed.

20. They are as loyal as dogs.

21. They shower with them.

主旨內(nèi)容：

一種新品種的貓是由中型野生非洲貓和家養(yǎng)貓雜交的產(chǎn)物，2001年國(guó)際貓協(xié)會(huì)承認(rèn)了這種貓的品種，且允許人們擁有飼養(yǎng)。因?yàn)樗鼈兏咔依w細(xì)，現(xiàn)在，這種貓已經(jīng)成為人們所擁有的最多貓品種之一。

參考原文：

A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the Serval. The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s. And in 2001, the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed. The savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to nine point one kilograms, making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own. They have a spotted code similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very large. They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch, and often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability. They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets. Some can leap about2.5 meters high from a standing position. Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the Savannahs. They often learn how to open doors and cupboards. Many Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into water. Some owners even shower with their Savannah Cats, presenting a water bowl to Savannah may also prove a challenge, as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws.

Question 19. What do we learn about the savannah cat?

Question 20. What is characteristic of Savannah cats?

Question 21. What do some people do with their Savannah cats?

解析：

本篇短文是一篇介紹型文章，也是大多數(shù)考生練習(xí)得較多和熟悉的考題形式。根據(jù)試聽一致，找出關(guān)鍵名詞，抓住出題點(diǎn)即可。難度不大，只需在提前讀完選項(xiàng)之后能及時(shí)預(yù)判出題位置即可。

Passage Three

參考答案：

22. Excite but somewhat sad.

23. It depends on their parents to success.

24. Set a good example for them to follow.

25. Their home life.

主旨內(nèi)容：

有關(guān)孩子的教育。孩子們第一次上學(xué)時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)興奮，也會(huì)悲傷，有一種復(fù)雜的感情，但那并不是孩子們學(xué)習(xí)的開始。早在孩子出生時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)對(duì)孩子的教育和孩子對(duì)家長(zhǎng)的模仿就已經(jīng)開始了。

參考原文：

When children start school for the very first time parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era. This is the start of a new adventure for children playing and interacting with new friends sharing, taking turns and settling into a new routine. But of course, this is not the start of your child’s education which in fact began at birth. Back then, you would have been your child’s most influential teachers. During this time at home, your child would have learnt more than at any other period in their life. During your child’s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile. Your child will naturally copy you so it is important that you are seen reading and enjoying books newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in screens. Ultimately an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers. A child’s year splits fairly neatly into thirds: a third at school, a third asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday. Irrespective of the quality of a school a child’s home life is of key importance. It is the determining factor of their academic success. Your child may have started on a new journey but your work is far from finished.

Question 22. How do parents feel when their children start going to school?

Question 23. What does the passage say about children’s education?

Question 24. What should parents do for the success of their children’s education?

Question 25. What does the passage say is the key factor of children’s academic success?

解析：

本篇短文前兩題相對(duì)比較常規(guī)，第一題出現(xiàn)在文章開頭第一句話部分，考察了考生對(duì)情感類詞匯的了解程度;第二題出現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)折詞but之后，也是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)提示的地方，需要考生迅速反應(yīng)把握清出題點(diǎn)。最后兩題需要根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容來仔細(xì)聽材料才可選出。

2018年12月英語四級(jí)真題答案卷一閱讀

今年四級(jí)考試在閱讀這個(gè)版塊里，總體難度仍然呈較為平穩(wěn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)。無論是選詞填空、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀還是仔細(xì)閱讀，與在四級(jí)課堂上講到的解題技巧都有很高的契合度。

首先一起來談?wù)勥x詞填空這個(gè)題型。總的來說，考點(diǎn)仍然是課堂上反復(fù)跟大家強(qiáng)調(diào)的，用我們上課講到的快速解題法則很快能得到正確答案。首先第一步分析選項(xiàng)詞性。今年名詞考2個(gè)，動(dòng)詞考5個(gè)，形容詞考1個(gè)，副詞2個(gè)。如此一來，我們很快把15選1縮小到了最多是7選1，最少的情況是1選1。另外，請(qǐng)注意，名詞通過單復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞通過時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語動(dòng)詞還可以進(jìn)一步縮小范圍。選詞填空答案如下：

26. F Damage

27. B associated

28 .M sources

29 .D constant

30 .G described

31 .E control

32 .H equals

33 .K regularly

34. I exclusively

35 .O vehicles

長(zhǎng)篇閱讀難度持平，用定位法則快速找定位即可，特別要注意的是題干中只出現(xiàn)的大寫專有名詞、數(shù)字、時(shí)間、連詞符和只出現(xiàn)過一次的表達(dá)。今年的匹配題比較難，少數(shù)題干出現(xiàn)了同義替換的現(xiàn)象，大多數(shù)還是按照我們說的用到的是類似的表達(dá)和詞性的替換。匹配題答案如下：

36-40 DBGFI 41-45 FCJEG

36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced

37.There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.

38.There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.

39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.

40.Training a patient to prepare healthy fod can change their life.

41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patientshow to cook it.

42. Scott is nat keen on cooking food herself thinking it would simply be a waste of time43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food

44.Using food as medicine is no novel idea but the movement is making headway these days.

45. Americans high rates of various illesses result from the way they eat.

再來談?wù)勛屑?xì)閱讀部分。我們?cè)谡n堂上跟大家反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)過，四級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀的核心在于四個(gè)字“精準(zhǔn)定位”，今年所涉及到的考點(diǎn)全部是我們之前課程中所涵蓋到的。第一篇的題干中幾乎沒有大寫專有名詞出現(xiàn)，大家需要注意每道題題干中的名詞短語和動(dòng)賓搭配進(jìn)行定位。第二篇定位難度不大，但是由于考到的文章主題為AI，定位簡(jiǎn)單的基礎(chǔ)上，難點(diǎn)在于定位處和選項(xiàng)的對(duì)應(yīng)。特別要注意的是，今年的51題考到了之前很少考的例證題。仔細(xì)閱讀答案如下：

46. How could california's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?

B- By drawing water from the depths of the earth

47. What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?

B - It was not considered worth the expense

48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?

A- The sinking of land surface

49. What does the author say about deep wells?

D- They provide a steady supply of freshwater

50 What may happen when deep aquiters are used as water sources?

C- The cost may go up due to desalination.

51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory?

D- Computers can become highly inelilence

52. What does the author 'mean by Al machines acting ethically?

C- They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.

53. What is said to be the bigger challenges facing humans in the AI age?

B- How to ensure that super- intllient AI machines act ethically.

54. What do we learn about Microsoft's 'chatbot' Taylor?

A- She could not distinguish good from bad.

55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?

D- It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.

2018年12月英語四級(jí)真題答案卷一翻譯

【手機(jī)改變閱讀方式】

由于通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的快速發(fā)展，中國(guó)智能手機(jī)用戶數(shù)量近年來以驚人度增長(zhǎng)。這極大地改變了許多人的閱讀方式。他們現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常智能手機(jī)上看新聞和文章，而不買傳統(tǒng)報(bào)刊。大量移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā)使人們能用手機(jī)讀小說和其他形式的文學(xué)作品。因此，紙質(zhì)書籍的銷售受到了影響。但調(diào)查顯示，盡管能手機(jī)閱讀市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)，超半數(shù)成年人仍喜歡讀紙質(zhì)書。

Due to the rapid development of communication network, the number of Chinese smartphone users has increased at an amazing speed in recent years, which has dramatically changed numerous peoples’ way of reading. Nowadays, they always read news and articles through smartphones instead of buying traditional newspapers. The development of a large number of mobile applications enables people to read novels and other forms of literary works with their phones. Therefore, the sale of paper works has been affected. But the survey reveals that although the smartphone reading market is growing steadily, more than half of the grown-ups still enjoy reading printing books.

?