沖刺四級(jí)高分:閱讀選詞解題技巧(下)
4大解題步驟
1. 略讀全文,尋找文中主題句
對(duì)于選詞填空,一定要先迅速地瀏覽一遍全文,做到對(duì)文章內(nèi)容有一個(gè)整體把握。
尤其要注意文章的首句或末句,因?yàn)樗锌赡芫褪俏恼碌闹黝}句,這對(duì)文章的理解起著至關(guān)重要的作用。
另外,文章的主題句有可能在文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),所以要善于抓住主題句,同時(shí)領(lǐng)會(huì)作者所持的態(tài)度。
2. 分析選項(xiàng),將單詞按詞性分類(lèi)
因?yàn)檫x詞填空考查的詞全部為實(shí)詞,所以可以先將備選的15個(gè)詞按照名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞和副詞歸類(lèi)。
3. 細(xì)讀全文,分析句子找選項(xiàng)
在對(duì)文章大意和選項(xiàng)有了大概的了解之后,接下來(lái)要做的就是仔細(xì)閱讀文章,邊讀邊找選項(xiàng)。
這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中最重要的是分析空格前后句子的邏輯關(guān)系,確定句中缺少單詞的詞性,
然后再根據(jù)全文的邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)義排除干擾項(xiàng),找出正確答案。
4. 通讀全文,帶著選項(xiàng)看文章
如同做完形填空題的最后一個(gè)步驟一樣,在選擇完選項(xiàng)之后,一定要再次通讀全文,檢驗(yàn)自己所填的答案。
因?yàn)樵诖祟?lèi)型考題中,上下文的邏輯關(guān)系很重要。
下面結(jié)合四級(jí)考試中選詞填空真題對(duì)此部分的解題步驟做具體分析。
To get a sense of how women have progressed in science, take a quick tour of the physics department at the University of California, Berkeley.?
This is a storied place, the 26 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science—starting with Ernest Lawrence’s invention of the cyclotron (回旋加速器) in 1931.
A generation ago, female faces were 27 and, even today, visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibits 28 the many distinguished physicist?who made history here, 29 all of them white males.
But climb up to the third floor and you’ll see a 30 display.
There, among the photos of current faculty members and students, are portraits of the 31 head of the department, Marjorie Shapiro, and four other women whose research 32?everything from the mechanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.?
A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.
Although they’re still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty, women are clearly a presence here.
And the real 33 may be in the smaller photos to the right:graduate and undergraduate students, about 20 percent of them female.
Every year Berkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country’s top universities.
That makes Shapiro optimistic, but also 34 .
“I believe things are getting better,” she says, “but they’re not getting better as 35 as I would like.”
A) circumstance
B) confidence
C) covers
D) current
E) deals
F) different
G) exposing
H) fast I) honoring
J) hope
K) presently
L) rare
M) realistic
N) site
O) virtually
首先,通讀全文。
本文主要通過(guò)對(duì)加利福尼亞大學(xué)伯克利分校物理系職工及學(xué)生的介紹,使人們進(jìn)一步了解女性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的地位取得了怎樣的進(jìn)步。文章第一句為主題句,便于考生理解。
其次,對(duì)備選選項(xiàng)的詞性進(jìn)行歸類(lèi)。
名詞: A) circumstance 情況,情形; B) confidence 信心; J) hope 希望; N) site 場(chǎng)所,地點(diǎn)
動(dòng)詞: C) covers 覆蓋,包含; E) deals處理; G) exposing 揭露,揭發(fā); I) honoring 紀(jì)念
形容詞: D) current 當(dāng)前的; F) different 不同的; L) rare 稀少的; M) realistic 現(xiàn)實(shí)的,實(shí)際的
副詞: H) fast 快速地; K) presently 目前;不久; O) virtually 幾乎,差不多
然后,根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義內(nèi)容判斷空格處的詞性,并從備選選項(xiàng)中選出最切合文意的詞匯。
例如,第26題,
空格前面是定冠詞the,后面是介詞of, 因此空格處需要填入名詞,
根據(jù)空格前的a storied place和句意可知,空格處填入的詞意思應(yīng)與place意思相近。
結(jié)合備選名詞可知,N) site“場(chǎng)所,地點(diǎn)”符合題意。
第27題,
空格前面是be動(dòng)詞were,因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)。
結(jié)合空格后的內(nèi)容可知,在金帝大廳一樓物理學(xué)家的展覽中,全部都是白人男性。
而空格所在部分介紹的是a generation ago,再根據(jù)female faces可知,這里說(shuō)的是女性人數(shù)少。
結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知,rare“稀少的”符合文意,故為答案。
最后,通讀全文,帶著選項(xiàng)看文章。
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持續(xù)更新,
敬請(qǐng)期待~