三、漢譯英部分譯文處理簡要提示

原文第一段原文：

“本研究院成立于1968年2月20日。隸屬中國航天科技集團(tuán)公司。經(jīng)過40年的發(fā)展，已成為中國主要的空間技術(shù)及產(chǎn)品研制基地，是中國空間事業(yè)最具實力的骨干力量。主要從事空間技術(shù)開發(fā)，航天器研制，空間領(lǐng)域?qū)ν饧夹g(shù)交流和合作，航天技術(shù)應(yīng)用等服務(wù)。還參與制定國家空間技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，研究有關(guān)探索、開發(fā)、利用外層空間的技術(shù)途徑，承接用戶需求的各類航天器和地面應(yīng)用設(shè)備的研制業(yè)務(wù)并提供相應(yīng)的服務(wù)?！?/p>

分析：本段首句主語是“本研究院”，其中研究院可以用institute，“本”的翻譯會讓考生小小糾結(jié)，可考慮用定冠詞或代詞，“the institute”和“our institute”較常用?！半`屬”是比較專業(yè)的詞匯，可選詞匯有“be subordinate to”，“be attached to”、“be affiliated with/to”等。中國航天科技集團(tuán)公司屬于專有名詞，譯為“China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC)”。

從句法上看，前三個小句是“簡介”類文本經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的“表達(dá)信息組合”，具備現(xiàn)代漢語的典型特征，后面兩句均為無主句，翻譯時需要補充主語，或考慮將四個小句整合為一個復(fù)合句，例如：Founded on Feburary 20th, 1968 and affiliated with China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), the institute has become a major base of space technology and product development and has become Chinese backbone force in China’s space industry after 40 years development.但是，這樣處理使結(jié)構(gòu)略顯臃腫，建議將其譯為兩句?！氨狙芯吭撼闪⒂?968年2月20日。隸屬中國航天科技集團(tuán)公司。”譯為：Founded on February 20th, 1968, the institute is affiliated to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC).譯為“Affiliated to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the institute was founded on February 20th, 1968.”也能被接受。

第四句也是個無主句，翻譯時需要先補充主語，其主干結(jié)構(gòu)為The institute is mainly engaged in...后面是并列的幾個賓語。第五句話仍然是無主句，是上一句該研究所機構(gòu)功能的補充，在語句銜接上需要使用鏈接手段，如：also、besides等。主句可使用“We also participate in ..., study...,undertake researches on...,and provide services...”,詞匯選擇上需要注意“外層空間outerspace”、“航天器spacecrafts”、“地面應(yīng)用設(shè)備ground application equipment”的專業(yè)屬性。

本段綜合參考譯文如下：

Founded on Feburary 20th 1968, the institute is affiliated to the China Aerospce Science and Technology?Corporation. After 40 years of development, it has become/emerged as a major base of Chinese space technology and product development, and turns into the most powerful backbone of China’s space industry. Our institute is mainly engaged in services like space technology and aerocrafts development, spacecrafts development, international exchange and cooperation in space industry, and application of space technology. Besides, we also participate in the national space technology development planning, research on technical approaches relevant to outerspace exploration, development and exploitation, undertake researches and provide services as required on various aircrafts and ground application equipments develop.

第二段原文

本研究院下設(shè)研究機構(gòu)，衛(wèi)星制造廠等，擁有一家上市公司和多家全資子公司，建立了多個國家重點實驗室和一家以研究生培養(yǎng)，員工培訓(xùn)，客戶培訓(xùn)為中心任務(wù)的學(xué)院，形成了七個產(chǎn)業(yè)基地，擁有空間飛行器總體設(shè)計，分系統(tǒng)研制生產(chǎn)，衛(wèi)星總裝測試，環(huán)境試驗，地面設(shè)備制造及衛(wèi)星應(yīng)用，服務(wù)保障等配套完整的研制生產(chǎn)體系。本研究院擁有員工一萬余人，其中包括8名兩院院士，12名國家級突出貢獻(xiàn)專家和1700多名高級專業(yè)技術(shù)人才。本研究院已與10多個國家和地區(qū)的宇航公司及空間研究機構(gòu)建立了廣泛聯(lián)系。

分析：本段首句出現(xiàn)的專業(yè)化詞匯較多，對考生可構(gòu)成一定挑戰(zhàn)，如“下設(shè)研究機構(gòu)”可譯為“subsidiary research organs”；“上市公司”可譯為“l(fā)isted company”；“全資子公司”為“wholly owned subsidaries”；“國家重點實驗室”為“national key laboratory”。在句法上，本句包含“本研究院下設(shè)…，擁有…”、“建立了…”、“形成了…體系”三個相對獨立完整的義群，所以建議拆成兩或三個獨立的英文語句。

第二句話主干結(jié)構(gòu)為“本研究院擁有…人，其中包括8名……，12名…和1700多名…”?？梢赃x擇“there be”句型表示擁有，后面采用“8 of which”這種帶有前置詞的非限制性定于從句，也可以采用其他句式。最后一句結(jié)構(gòu)單一，詞匯簡單。

整段建議譯文如下：

Consisted of subsidiary organs like research institute and satellite manufacturer,the?institute owns a listed company and several wholly-owned subsidiaries,establishing mutiple national key laboratories and a college for postgraduate education, internal training as well as customers training. ?With seven industrial bases, the institue has formed a complete reserach and production system which are qualified in overall design of spacecrafts, subsystem development and production, satellite assembly test, environmental experiment, ground equipment manufacturing, satellite application, and service assurance, etc. There are more than 10,000 staff in our institute, 8 of which are numbers of Chinese Academicians, 12 national Outstanding ?contribution experts and more than 1,700 senior professionals. Our institue has established wide link to areospace coporations and space research organizations in more than 10 countries and regions.