虛擬語氣在考試中比較常見。尤其是在聽力中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。它主要是表達(dá)一種“假設(shè)”或者“推測”，而不是客觀顯示中的真實(shí)事件。因?yàn)橹饕ㄟ^動(dòng)詞的變化來反應(yīng)不同的情況，所以如果不熟悉虛擬語氣的基本表示方法，會(huì)直接影響聽力。同時(shí)翻譯中也經(jīng)常使用。如果想得高分，要學(xué)好這個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，爭取在翻譯部分多拿點(diǎn)分：

?基本規(guī)則：

?

條件從句

主句

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

?????動(dòng)詞過去式

?should/would+動(dòng)詞原形

與過去事實(shí)相反

had+過去分詞

should/ would +have+過去分詞

與將來事實(shí)可能相反

動(dòng)詞過去式/were to/should

should/ would +動(dòng)詞原形

?

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：

If I?were?you , I?would apply for?the job.

與過去事實(shí)相反：

If I?had taken?your advice, I?wouldn’t have made?such mistake.

與將來事實(shí)相反：

If it?rained?tomorrow, I?would?stay at home.

真題翻譯示例：

例1：

They?requested?that?_______(我借的書還回圖書館)by next Friday.

1. 動(dòng)詞request引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣

2. 虛擬語氣的表達(dá)方式：should+動(dòng)詞原形，此題則為：should return

3.?按句意順序譯，得出答案：I should return the book to library

例2：

The victim?________(本來有機(jī)會(huì)活下來)if he?had been taken?to hospital in time.

1.?一看句意有“本來”，十之八九為虛擬語氣

2.?二看時(shí)態(tài)推后了，本該過去時(shí)，卻用過去完成時(shí)，因此一定考虛擬

3.按句意譯為：would have a chance to survive

哪些動(dòng)詞及其與他們相關(guān)的名詞，從句需虛擬語氣？

一想要(desire)二寧愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)

四建議(advice. suggest. propose)

五要求(demand. require. request. ask. insist)，另加一個(gè)wish

實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)：

1. It is strange that he _________ so.

A. would say　　　　　?? ? ? ? ? ?B. would speak

C. should say　　　　　?? ? ? ? ? ?D. will speak

2. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _________ there.

A. not went　　　　　?? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. won’t go

C. not go　　　　　　?????????????? D. not to go

3. I wish that I _________ with you last night.

A. went　　　　 　 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. could go

C. have gone　　　 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. could have gone

4. If you had told me in advance, I _________ him at the airport.

A. would meet　　　　　　 ? ? ??B. would had met

C. would have met　　　　 ? ? ? ?D. would have meet

5. Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _________ me how.

A. teaches 　　　　　　　　 ? ? ?B. will teach

C. has taught　　　　　　　 ? ? ?D. would teach

6. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _________ the book from which it was made.

A. have read　　　　　　　　 ? ?B. had read

C. should have read　　　　?? ? ?D. are reading

7. You are late. If you _________ a few minutes earlier, you _________ him.

A. come; would meet　　　　　 B. had come; would have met

C. come; will meet 　　　　　 ? ??D. had come; would meet

8. If she could sew, _________.

A. she make a dress 　　 　　　 ?B. she would have made a shirt

C. she will make a shirt　　　?? ? ??D. she would had made a coat

9. If I _________ you, I _________ more attention to English idioms and phrases.

A. was; shall pay　　　　 　　　　B. am; will pay

C. would be; would pay　　　　　D. were; would pay

10. Had I known her name, _________

A. or does she know mine?　　　 B. and where does she live?

C. she would be beautiful.　　　　D. I would have invited her to lunch.

答案及解析：

1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7.B 8. B 9.D 10. D

1. It is strange that是主語從句的虛擬語氣，從句用sb. should do的形式。

2. suggest后面的從句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略?！?/p>

3. 虛擬語氣。wish從句后接虛擬語氣。could have done表示“本來可以”。

4. in advance表示“事先”， would have done表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。

5. wish的賓語從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時(shí)。

6. wish后面用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。

7. 條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。

8. would have done是過去將來完成時(shí)，表示與過去相反的虛擬語氣。

9. 在虛擬語氣中，不管什么人稱，be動(dòng)詞都要用were的形式。

10. had I known是與過去相反的虛擬語氣的倒裝形式，因此主句要用would have done。

（來自四級答案真題網(wǎng)）