【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷七01
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?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對(duì)身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷七01
7.1?WHAT is badness? It is that which thou hast often seen. And on the occasion of everything which happens keep this in mind, that it is that which thou hast often seen. Everywhere up and down thou wilt find the same things, with which the old histories are filled, those of the middle ages and those of our own day; with which cities and houses are filled now. There is nothing new: all things are both familiar and short-lived.
7.2?How can our principles become dead, unless the impressions (thoughts) which correspond to them are extinguished? But it is in thy power continuously to fan these thoughts into a flame. I can have that opinion about anything, which I ought to have. If I can, why am I disturbed? The things which are external to my mind have no relation at all to my mind.- Let this be the state of thy affects, and thou standest?erect. To recover thy life is in thy power. Look at things again as thou didst use to look at them; for in this consists the recovery of thy life.
?Notes：?
erect?[adj]1?(formal)?in a vertical position
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2?(of the penis or nipples)?larger than usual, stiff and standing up because of sexual excitement
7.3?Is my understanding sufficient for this or not? If it is sufficient, I use it for the work as an instrument given by the universal nature. But if it is not sufficient, then either I retire from the work and give way to him who is able to do it better, unless there be some reason why I ought not to do so; or I do it as well as I can, taking to help me the man who with the aid of my ruling principle can do what is now fit and useful for the general good. For whatsoever either by myself or with another I can do, ought to be directed to this only, to that which is useful and well suited to society.
7.4?To the rational animal the same act is according to nature and according to reason.
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?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
7.1?什么是惡？它是你司空見慣的。在發(fā)生一切事情的時(shí)候都把這牢記在心：它是你司空見慣的。你將在上上下下一切地方都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的事情，這同樣的事物填充了過去時(shí)代的歷史、中間時(shí)代的歷史和我們時(shí)代的歷史；也充斥著現(xiàn)在的城市和家庭。什么新的東西：所有事物都是熟悉的、短暫的。
7.2?我們的原則怎么能死去呢？除非那符合于它們的印象（思想）熄滅。但是不斷地把這些思想扇成旺盛的火焰是在你的力量范圍之內(nèi)。我對(duì)任何事情都能形成那種我應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有什么的意見。如果我能，我為什么要煩惱呢？那在我的心靈之外的事物跟我的心靈沒有任何關(guān)系。－讓這成為你的感情狀態(tài)，你就能堅(jiān)定地站立?；謴?fù)你的生命是在你力量范圍之內(nèi)，再用你過去慣常的眼光看待事物，因?yàn)槟闵幕謴?fù)就在于此。
7.3?我的理智足以勝任這一工作嗎？如果它勝任，那么我在這一工作中就把它作為宇宙本性給予的一個(gè)工具來使用。但如果它不勝任，那么，我或者放棄這一工作，把它讓給能夠較好地做它的人來做（除非有某種理由使我不應(yīng)這樣做）；或者我盡可能好地做它，接受這樣一個(gè)人的幫助－他能借助于我的支配原則做現(xiàn)在是恰當(dāng)并對(duì)公共利益有用的事。因?yàn)闊o論是我做的事還是我能和另一個(gè)人做的事，都應(yīng)當(dāng)僅僅指向那對(duì)社會(huì)有用和適合于社會(huì)的事。
7.4?對(duì)于理性的動(dòng)物來說，依據(jù)本性和依據(jù)理智是一回事。