【讀書(shū)筆記】王爾德《自深深處》36
1891年，處在寫作生涯巔峰期的王爾德遇見(jiàn)了阿爾弗雷德·“波西”·道格拉斯(Alfred "Bosie" Douglas)，兩人很快成為了同性戀人。四年后，因?yàn)檫@段“不敢說(shuō)出名字的愛(ài)”，王爾德被判“有傷風(fēng)化”罪而入獄。在獄中，王爾德開(kāi)始反思從前的生活，思索痛苦和人生的意義，藝術(shù)和愛(ài)的真諦，最終將那些痛苦的淚水都化作優(yōu)美而深沉的文字，寫成了這封名為"de profundis"(從深處)的長(zhǎng)信。
作者簡(jiǎn)介：奧斯卡·王爾德(Oscar Wilde, 1854-1900)，英國(guó)維多利亞時(shí)代著名作家，“唯美主義運(yùn)動(dòng)”的領(lǐng)軍人物，倡導(dǎo)“為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)”(Art for art's sake)。他的代表作有戲劇《莎樂(lè)美》(Salome)《認(rèn)真的重要性》(The Importance of Being Earnest)，童話《快樂(lè)王子》(The Happy Prince) 《夜鶯與玫瑰》(The Nightingale and the Rose)，小說(shuō)《道連·格雷的畫(huà)像》(The Picture of Dorian Gray)，以及書(shū)信《自深深處》(De Profundis)等。
【原著選段】
The gods had given me almost everything. I had?genius, a distinguished name, high social position,?brilliancy, intellectual daring: I made art a?philosophy, and philosophy an art: I altered the?minds of men and the colours of things: there?was nothing I said or did that did not make people?wonder: I took the drama, the most objective form?known to art, and made it as personal a mode of?expression as the lyric or the sonnet, at the same time?that I widened its range and enriched its?characterisation: drama, novel, poem in rhyme, poem?in prose, subtle or fantastic dialogue, whatever I?touched I made beautiful in a new mode of beauty:?to truth itself I gave what is false no less than?what is true as its rightful province, and showed?that the false and the true are merely forms of?intellectual existence. I treated Art as the?supreme reality, and life as a mere mode of fiction: I?awoke the imagination of my century so that it?created myth and legend around me: I summed up?all systems in a phrase, and all existence in an?epigram.
【朱純深譯本】
諸神幾乎給了我一切。天賦、名望、地位、才華、氣概。我讓藝術(shù)成為一門哲學(xué)，讓哲學(xué)成為一門藝術(shù)；我改變?nèi)说男撵`、物的顏色；我所言所行，無(wú)不使人驚嘆；戲劇，這本是最為客觀的藝術(shù)形式，在我手里卻成為像抒情詩(shī)和商籟詩(shī)那樣抒個(gè)人情懷的表達(dá)方式，同時(shí)范圍更為開(kāi)闊、人物更為豐富；戲劇、小說(shuō)、韻律詩(shī)、散文詩(shī)、微妙含蓄或奇妙非凡的對(duì)白，我筆之所至，無(wú)不以美的新形態(tài)展現(xiàn)其美；我讓真實(shí)本身不但顯其真，同樣也顯其假，亦真亦假，以此作為它天經(jīng)地義的內(nèi)涵，顯明了無(wú)論真假，都不過(guò)是心智存在的形式。我視藝術(shù)為最高的現(xiàn)實(shí)，而生活不過(guò)是一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的形態(tài)；我喚醒了這個(gè)世紀(jì)的想象力，它便在我身邊創(chuàng)造神話與傳奇；萬(wàn)象之繁，我一言可以蔽之，萬(wàn)物之妙， 我一語(yǔ)足以道破。
【讀書(shū)筆記】
1、distinguished?a.卓越的，杰出的；著名的；地位高的；顯得高貴的
【舉例】a distinguished performance?出色的表演
He is distinguished for his erudition.?他以博學(xué)而著稱。
a distinguished guest?貴賓
He looks distinguished in his custom-made suit.?他穿上定制的西服顯得氣度不凡。
【相關(guān)詞匯】
distinguish v.區(qū)分；辨認(rèn)出
distinguish A from B 使A區(qū)別于B
distinguish oneself 出人頭地，享有盛名?
2、alter?v.改變，改動(dòng)
【舉例】alter one's attitude?改變態(tài)度
alter one's mind?改變主意
alter course?改道
3、enrich?v.使富裕；使豐富；裝飾，美化；濃縮
【舉例】The expanding economy enriched the peasants.?不斷發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)使農(nóng)民們富裕起來(lái)。
Foreign words and phrases have enriched the English language.?眾多外來(lái)詞豐富了英語(yǔ)。
enrich the walls with frescoes 用壁畫(huà)裝飾墻壁
enriched uranium 濃縮鈾
4、fiction?n.小說(shuō)；虛構(gòu)的事；謊言
【舉例】Truth is often stranger than fiction.?真相往往比小說(shuō)還要離奇。
The reason he gave was pure fiction.?他給出的理由完全是杜撰。