?過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去”發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，因此其對(duì)比點(diǎn)是過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（大部分情況下以一般過去時(shí)did/was/were結(jié)構(gòu)做比較）。為了同學(xué)們掌握方便，現(xiàn)就將其常見句型總結(jié)如下：

1．“By the end of +名詞（短語），主語 + had done…”

例如：By the end of the day, most of the inhabitants had left their homes.（到這一天，大部分居民已離開他們的家園。）

2．“主句（had done）, before + 過去時(shí)間狀語 ”

例如：They had never seen so many of the locusts before.（他們以前從未見過如此多的蝗蟲）

I had reached the station before six o'clock.

（六點(diǎn)之前我已到達(dá)車站。）

3. “用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在這些動(dòng)詞之前。”

例如：She said that she had never been to Paris.（她說她從未去過巴黎。）

4．“By the time + 從句（did/was/were）, 主語 + had done…”

例如：By the time we arrived, everyone had received medical care.（我們到達(dá)時(shí)，每個(gè)人已接受了醫(yī)療護(hù)理。）

5．“主語 +had done…, before 從句（did/was/were）”

例如：Fortunately, the population had left the village before the volcano erupted.（幸運(yùn)的是，火山噴發(fā)前人們已離開了村莊。）

6．“主語 +had done…, when 從句（did/was/were）”

例如：They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.（當(dāng)我返回村子時(shí)，人們已將大火撲滅。）

7．“主語 + (did/was/were), after 從句（had done）”

例如：The earthquake happened in the daytime after people had already left home for work or school.（地震發(fā)生在白天，當(dāng)時(shí)人們已離開家去上班或上學(xué)。）

8．“用在 Hardly(scarcely, barely)…when…, No sooner…than…句型中”

例如：Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. （我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下。）

No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. （他一離開家天就下起雨來。）

9．“用在 It /This/That was the first…time + that 從句 （had done）中”

例如：It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. （這是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。）

10．“用在It was/had been + 一段時(shí)間 + since 從句 （had done）中”

例如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.（十年我們都沒這麼高興了。）

11．“hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think 等動(dòng)詞有時(shí)用過去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)本來打算做而未做，曾經(jīng)設(shè)想而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的事?！?/p>

例如：They had wanted to help but could not get here in time. (他們本想來幫忙，但未及時(shí)趕到。)

I had thought that he had died at least twenty years ago. (我原以為他至少死了十年。)

I had intended to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so. (我原打算過來看你，但受阻未成。)

12．“用于表示與過去事實(shí)相反的if 虛擬條件句中”

例如：If she had seen you yesterday, she would have told you the truth. (如果她昨天見過你，她已告訴你事實(shí)的真相。)

13．“用在 wish 后的賓語從句中，表示與過去事實(shí)相反?！?/p>

例如：I wished that he hadn't made such a mistake. (我希望他從未犯過這樣的錯(cuò)誤。)

以上是我們教材及練習(xí)題,高考題中常出現(xiàn)的過去完成時(shí)had done 結(jié)構(gòu)基本句型的用法，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們徹底掌握這一時(shí)態(tài)有所幫助，我們可以在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中更加積累和完善。