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Genetic Doping Next Athletic Cheat

基因興奮劑 違禁無止境

The Vancouver Olympics begin February 12th. And scientists are on high alert. Not just for well-known ways to gain an advantage, like steroids or blood doping. The researchers are also worried about what's called genetic doping. It's the latest in elite athletic cheating.

溫哥華冬奧會將于2月12日開幕，科學(xué)家們已處于高度警戒狀態(tài)。不僅僅是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)動員們有可能使用類固醇或血液興奮劑這類眾所周知的方法獲取優(yōu)勢。研究人員們還擔(dān)心基因興奮劑在賽場上作亂--這是頂尖運(yùn)動員們在比賽中舞弊的最新法寶。

Researchers writing in the journal Science point to a few different types of gene therapy that could get hijacked for athletics instead of medical uses, like the treatment of obesity, diabetes or muscle disease. For example, genes for insulin-like growth factor could enhance muscle mass. And molecules that regulate the expression of genes may make athletes more energy efficient, or help create more slow-twitch muscle fibers.

研究人員在《科學(xué)》雜志上撰文指出了幾種不同類型的基因治療，如對抗肥胖癥、糖尿病或肌肉疾病的基因療法，這些方法會被運(yùn)動員利用在非醫(yī)療用途上。例如，胰島素樣生長因子基因可增強(qiáng)肌群。一些控制基因表達(dá)的分子可以使運(yùn)動員更有效的節(jié)省體能，或者幫助運(yùn)動員生成更多慢肌纖維。

It's known that in the past few years, a coach in Germany tried to get these kinds of therapies into the hands of competitors. So the scientific community wants to get ahead of this by figuring out what molecular signatures might be left in cheaters' bodies after genetic doping.

據(jù)了解，過去數(shù)年間，一名德國教練試圖在一些參賽運(yùn)動員身上使用基因療法。因此，科學(xué)界希望通過弄清楚使用了基因興奮劑之后的運(yùn)動員體內(nèi)會殘留哪些分子特征，從而遏制這類舞弊行為。

The researchers do point out that these treatments have so far only been able to produce "faster or stronger mice." But that doesn't mean somebody getting an Olympic medal isn't a rat.

研究人員確實(shí)指出了這些療法到目前為止僅僅可以造就出"更快、更強(qiáng)的老鼠"。但是這并不意味著獲得奧林匹克獎牌的人就不是一個無恥的舞弊者。

-Cynthia Graber

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