一、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

二、核心詞匯

1. accommodate v. ①供給 ②適應(yīng),迎合 ③容納
【搭】accommodate to適應(yīng),順應(yīng)【拓】accommodation n.(常pl.)住宿,膳宿

2. authority n. ①權(quán)力 ②權(quán)威 ③(常pl.)當(dāng)局
【搭】an authority on在……方面的權(quán)威;authority over對(duì)……人的凌駕

3. adequate a. ①充足的,足夠的 ②適當(dāng)?shù)模瑒偃蔚?br>【用】problem of adequate food and clothing 溫飽問(wèn)題【搭】be adequate for sth.……充足;be adequate to (doing) sth. 勝任【拓】adequacy n. 足夠;inadequate a. 不充足的,不適當(dāng)?shù)摹颈妗縠nough,sufficient,adequate 都表示足夠的意思,但是enough 指愿望上的滿足;sufficient指需要的,達(dá)到目的的滿足,所以事實(shí)上常常已經(jīng) sufficient,但并不一定感到enough;adequate表示剛夠、正合適的意思。

4. restriction n. 限制,約束
【用】supervision and restriction 監(jiān)督制約;legal restrictions法律限制【拓】restrict v. 限制,約束;restrict…to 把……限制在; restrictive a.限制的,約束的

5. essential a. ①本質(zhì)的,實(shí)質(zhì)的 ②提煉的,精華的 n.①本質(zhì),實(shí)質(zhì) ②要素,要點(diǎn)
【搭】be essential to 對(duì)……絕對(duì)必要,極其重要【拓】essentially ad. 基本上,本質(zhì)上【辨】necessary和essential 都有必要的意思,但是意思有所不同。necessary指一般的和不確定的用語(yǔ)。essential是絕對(duì)意味最強(qiáng)的用語(yǔ),指事物的本質(zhì)。

6. immense a. 極廣大的,無(wú)邊的
【拓】immensely ad. 非常地,極端地;immensity n. 巨大,廣大

7. dynamic a. ①動(dòng)力的,動(dòng)態(tài)的 ②有活力的,強(qiáng)有力的 n. 動(dòng)力學(xué)
【用】dynamic economics 動(dòng)態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué);a man of dynamic personalities 性格活躍的人;dynamic phenomenon動(dòng)態(tài)現(xiàn)象;a dynamic market充滿活力的市場(chǎng)

三、試題詳解

1. 【答案】N
【原題譯文】1921年,相關(guān)公路建設(shè)的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出臺(tái)。
【快速解題】本題的題干的關(guān)鍵詞是by 1921,National standards和paved roads,由此可定位到原文第二段的開(kāi)頭部分。
【篇章分析】原文第二段起始部分說(shuō),“by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers…Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs.”該題的表述顯然與原文是相互矛盾的,所以是不對(duì)的。

2. 【答案】Y
【原題譯文】艾森豪威爾將軍認(rèn)為寬闊的德國(guó)高速公路比美國(guó)雙車道公路更合理。
【快速解題】本題的關(guān)鍵是General Eisenhower,由此即可定位到第二段的后半部分。
【篇章分析】原文第二段后半部分指出:“When General Eisenhower…h(huán)e noted: The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany’s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”這顯然與本題表述是一致的,所以正確。

3. 【答案】Y
【原題譯文】美國(guó)政府是在20世紀(jì)50年代最終開(kāi)始建設(shè)國(guó)家公路系統(tǒng)的。
【快速解題】本題的題干是1950s,由此可以快速準(zhǔn)確地定位到第四段首句。
【篇章分析】原文第四段首句指出:“The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956.”這顯然與本題表述是一致的,所以正確。

4. 【答案】Y
【原題譯文】由國(guó)家地理面貌引起的眾多問(wèn)題在創(chuàng)新性工程項(xiàng)目中得到了解決。
【快速解題】本題的題干是geographical features和innovative,由此即可定位到本文第四段。
【篇章分析】原文第四段指出:“Consider the many geographic features of the country… Innovative designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America.”這顯然與本題表述是一致的,所以正確。

5. 【答案】N
【原題譯文】盡管考慮到了安全因素,美國(guó)州際公路的死亡率仍高于其他道路的死亡率。
【快速解題】本題的題干是death rate,interstate highway和higher,由此可定位到本文第六段最后一句。
【篇章分析】原文第六段最后一句指出:“The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads.”這與該題的表述顯然是矛盾的,所以錯(cuò)誤。

6. 【答案】NG
【原題譯文】州際公路系統(tǒng)為美國(guó)各主要軍事基地提供通道。
【快速解題】本題的題干是major military installations,由題干中的military即可定位到本文第三段。
【篇章分析】原文第三段第三句指出:“The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort.” 原文顯然沒(méi)有提及州際公路系統(tǒng)是否為美國(guó)各主要軍事基地提供通道。這道題沒(méi)有信息依據(jù),所以答案是NG。

7. 【答案】N
【原題譯文】服務(wù)站、汽車旅館和飯店推動(dòng)了州際公路系統(tǒng)的快速發(fā)展。
【快速解題】由題干中的Service stations,motels and restaurants即可定位到本文倒數(shù)第二段。
【篇章分析】原文倒數(shù)第二段指出:“Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centres.”這與該題的表述顯然是矛盾的,所以錯(cuò)誤。

8. 【答案】personal freedom of mobility
【原題譯文】州際公路系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)的最大好處是______。
【快速解題】本題的題干是greatest benefit,由此即可定位到本文第七段的最后一句。
【篇章分析】原文第七段最后一句指出:“Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they enrich most: personal freedom of mobility.”顯然,題干中的greatest benefit與原文中的they cherish most對(duì)應(yīng),brought about與原文中的provide…with…對(duì)應(yīng),所以本題填原文內(nèi)容personal freedom of mobility即可。

9. 【答案】75 percent of the nation’s freight deliveries
【原題譯文】超過(guò)______由使用州際高速公路的卡車來(lái)運(yùn)送。
【快速解題】本題的題干是trucks和deliver more than,由此即可定位到原文第八段首句。
【篇章分析】原文第八段首句指出:“more than 75 percent of the nation’s freight deliveries arrive by truck.”所以本題填原文內(nèi)容75 percent of the nation’s freight deliveries即可。

10. 【答案】his vision and leadership
【原題譯文】州際高速公路以艾森豪威爾的名字重新命名,以此來(lái)紀(jì)念______。
【快速解題】本題的題干是renamed after Eisenhower,由此可定位到原文最后一段中間部分。
【篇章分析】原文最后一段的中間部分指出:“…the high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership.”本題與原文的語(yǔ)序是一致的,只是將原文to honor后面的成分改為由in recognition of(表示對(duì)……的認(rèn)可)引起的空格,所以填入his vision and leadership即可。

【新東方在線】四級(jí)VIP全程輔導(dǎo)班(2010年6月版)優(yōu)惠團(tuán)購(gòu)中>> 課程試聽(tīng)>>