故事中的英雄們總是承包了所有的榮耀。但到底是誰使這些好人鶴立雞群的？當(dāng)然是大反派！每個(gè)優(yōu)秀的故事里總需要一個(gè)強(qiáng)大而又卑鄙的反派角色。

The Demented Villain
瘋狂型反派

You can use a few techniques to let your readers know that a certain character is going to be rotten to the core.
你可以使用一些技巧，來使你的讀者明白某個(gè)特定的人物壞透了。

1. You can start by introducing your character into your story in a situation that makes the reader raise an eyebrow.
你可以在一個(gè)場景中，在故事中介紹這個(gè)人物，引起讀者的注意。

?In the passage below, we find Danny in an odd situation from the very beginning. Why is he in an unfamiliar location, and why is he awake at 3:47? Something just isn't right.
在下面的文章中，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)丹尼從一開始就很奇怪。為什么他出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)陌生的地方？為什么凌晨三點(diǎn)四十七分他還醒著？一定有什么事不對(duì)勁。

2. In the next few sentences, we can determine that Danny has some unpleasant feelings about a family member. Full alert! Notice that the writer doesn't need to describe Danny as an unpleasant person. She paints a picture through Danny's thoughts.
在下面幾個(gè)句子中，我們可以斷定丹尼對(duì)某個(gè)家族成員十分不滿。留神了！請(qǐng)注意，作者不需要將丹尼描繪成一個(gè)郁郁寡歡的人。她描繪了丹尼內(nèi)心的想法。

Danny woke in the cold, unfamiliar room of his new home and checked the time on his phone: 3:47. The sound of his new stepbrother Mark’s soft snoring a few feet away set his teeth on edge. He hated having to share a room with that whiney little brat.
丹尼在寒冷而又陌生的新家里醒來，看看手機(jī)上的時(shí)間：三點(diǎn)四十七分。就在幾尺之外，傳來了繼兄弟馬克輕微的鼾聲，這使他十分不舒服。他討厭和一個(gè)煩人的小屁孩共用一個(gè)房間。

3. In the next paragraph, the reader might begin to suspect that our Danny is a little bit disturbed!
在下面段落中，讀者可能就會(huì)開始懷疑，丹尼蠢蠢欲動(dòng)了！

The example below demonstrates how to describe a character through his own thoughts.
下面的例子展示了怎樣通過一個(gè)人的思想來描繪這個(gè)角色。

His tension eased as he remembered the dream he’d been having. Mark is a wimp and deathly afraid of ants. In his dream, Danny stood at the top of a giant ant hill, controlling millions of ants with his will. Mark was lying on the ground below him, crying and screaming for his mommy as the ants swarmed him, biting him and crawling into his mouth, ears and nose.
當(dāng)他記起那個(gè)一直以來都在做的夢(mèng)時(shí)，才從緊張的情緒中舒緩過來。馬克膽小懦弱，超級(jí)害怕螞蟻。在他的夢(mèng)里，丹尼站在一座巨大的蟻丘的頂端，用意念控制著無數(shù)的螞蟻。馬克躺在下面的空地上，哭著喊娘，因?yàn)槲浵佉呀?jīng)將他團(tuán)團(tuán)包圍，咬他，還爬進(jìn)他的嘴巴、耳朵和鼻子里。

Danny wished he had that power in real life. Then he remembered the ant hill at the edge of the yard. He smiled as an idea formed.
丹尼真希望自己在現(xiàn)實(shí)中也擁有這種超能力。隨后他想起了院子邊上有個(gè)蟻丘。他笑笑，心生一計(jì)。

The next morning, Danny was awoken by the sweet music of Mark’s screaming.
第二天早上，丹尼在馬克那美妙的尖叫聲中醒來。

Who could consider the sound of a scream to be sweet? Only a really nasty person!
有誰會(huì)認(rèn)為這尖叫聲會(huì)悅耳呢？只有貨真價(jià)實(shí)的卑鄙小人！

The Power-Abusing Villain
濫用權(quán)力型

Another strategy is to create a character who abuses a position of authority or power to instill fear. This type of villain often takes his time tormenting his victim, in a slow, pressure-cooker style of fear.
還有一種模式，就是創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)濫用權(quán)威或權(quán)利的角色，來使人們感到害怕。這種類型的反派通常會(huì)慢條斯理地折磨人，來慢慢制造恐慌。

Power relationships come in all forms:
權(quán)力關(guān)系的形式：

?bully - nerd
惡霸-呆子

?father - son
父親-兒子

?boss - employee
老板-員工

?person - pet
人-寵物

?teacher - student
老師-學(xué)生

It's easy to resent someone in a position of power; that's the rebel in all of us. But it's really easy to dislike someone who abuses their power. This is the type of villain who keeps the reader hooked, because there's such a strong desire to see the downfall.
討厭一個(gè)手握權(quán)力的人很簡單，因?yàn)樗俏覀冎械呐淹健５胗憛捯粋€(gè)濫用職權(quán)的人則更簡單。這種反派人物會(huì)牢牢吸引讀者，因?yàn)榇蠹叶计炔患按叵肟此迮_(tái)。

The power villain is best used in longer stories, because he/she creates fear over time. You never know when the villain will erupt. This slow-moving villain keeps the reader in suspense. You can establish nastiness in the words and behavior of these villains.
手握權(quán)力型反派人物在長篇小說中屢試不爽，因?yàn)樗?她能夠引發(fā)恐懼。你永遠(yuǎn)不知道什么時(shí)候反派會(huì)突然冒出來。這個(gè)慢條斯理的反派能夠把讀者的心弄得七上八下。你可以在言語上辱罵他，或者描寫他的行為。

Everyone in the office froze when Kate walked in the door. Her first stop was Mary at reception.
凱特一進(jìn)門，辦公室里所有的人都定住了。他首先朝接待處的瑪麗走去。

“Mary…did you intentionally come to work looking like bloated walrus? You are the first face our clients see, for heaven's sake.” Kate smiled and walked away as tears welled up in Mary’s eyes.
“瑪麗······你是故意弄得像個(gè)發(fā)脹的海象似得來上班是吧?我的天，你可是我們客戶見到的第一張臉啊?！眲P特笑著離開，留下瑪麗淚流滿面。

As their supervisor passed by the cubicles one by one, the other workers did their best to avoid eye contact. The echo of Kate's stiletto heels cut through the silence as the woman-beast surveyed her surroundings.
當(dāng)主管經(jīng)過一個(gè)個(gè)隔間時(shí)，其他的員工都盡量避免與他們進(jìn)行眼神交流。在這個(gè)母老虎環(huán)視四周時(shí)，凱特那細(xì)細(xì)的高跟鞋鞋跟打破了寧靜。

Then the unthinkable happened. One of the three-inch heels caught the strap of a purse that rested outside Sherry Baker's cubical. In one awful moment, Kate went stumbling to the ground.
然后一件不可思議的事發(fā)生了。在經(jīng)過謝里·貝克的隔間時(shí)，她那三英寸的鞋跟絆到了放在外面的手提包帶子。而在這個(gè)可怕的時(shí)刻，凱特被絆倒在地上。

The unfortunate owner of the purse trembled with fear as Kate got to her feet.The office supervisor brushed herself off and walked away slowly.
當(dāng)凱特站起來時(shí)，倒霉的手提包主人嚇得發(fā)抖。主管并沒理睬她，慢慢地走開。

It could be several chapters before we find out what happens to poor Sherry Baker. This is a great way to build suspense.
在我們知道可憐的謝里?貝克身上到底發(fā)生了什么之前，前面幾章可以描寫這些內(nèi)容。這是一個(gè)制造懸念的好方法。

Types of Villains
反派的類型

You should have a lot of fun with creating a villain by making them as complex as possible. In the case of Kate, you could follow the passage above with Kate sobbing at her desk. You can leave it up to the reader to decide if she's sobbing from fear, embarrassment, or anger. But a touch of compassion for the villain is sure to keep that reader hooked.
在盡可能增加其復(fù)雜性來創(chuàng)造反派的過程中，你會(huì)得到許多樂趣。在凱特的例子中，你可以參照上文凱特在桌子前哭泣的例子。你可以將它留給讀者，讓他們來決定她是因?yàn)榭謶?、窘迫還是憤怒而哭泣。但是，對(duì)反派的憐憫無疑也會(huì)吸引讀者。

A few other types of villains to consider for your creative writing projects are listed below.
在你進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的寫作時(shí)，還有一些類型的反派，如下所示。

?The insane villain: very unpredictable!
癲狂型：超級(jí)出乎人意料！

?The vengeful villain: revenge can make us do some dastardly things!
復(fù)仇型：仇恨可以讓我們做出一些卑鄙的事！

?The passive-aggressive villain: this is the star of mean girl, nightmare scenarios.
消極攻擊型：賤女孩的主人公，噩夢(mèng)般的場景。

?The monster villain: your villain could be something unworldly!
怪物型：你的反派角色還可以是地球上本沒有的存在！

Just remember to add the touch of human to your character. Even monsters have a soft side.
記住，要給你的角色增添人性。即使是怪物也有柔和的一面。

聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。