我對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的感想①
Reflections on the Sports Meet

胡 適
Hu shi

| 譯文摘自張培基《英譯中國(guó)散文選二》

我到美國(guó)入大學(xué)校后，第一次去看我們大學(xué)和別的大學(xué)的足球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(Football，此系另一種很激烈的足球，與中國(guó)現(xiàn)行的不同)。入場(chǎng)券賣每人美金二元，但看的人竟有幾千人之多。每到緊要關(guān)頭，幾千人同聲喊著本校的“呼聲”(yell)以鼓勵(lì)場(chǎng)中的武士。有受傷的球員，扶下場(chǎng)時(shí)，大家也喊著“呼聲”祝賀他，安慰他。我第一次觀場(chǎng)，看見那野蠻的奮斗，聽著那震耳的“呼聲”，實(shí)在不慣；心里常想：這真是羅馬時(shí)代的角抵和斗獸的遺風(fēng)，很不人道的。
After entering an American university, I watched, for the first time, an intercollegiate football match on the campus. Unlike the football we now play in China, American football is a very tough game. Though admission cost as much as two US dollars per person, yet there was a large attendance of several thousand. At each critical moment, the stadium would be echoing with the spectators’ chorus of wild yells for their own athletic heroes. Whenever a player of their side was injured and helped out of the football field, they would also yell by way of saluting and comforting him. At first I just couldn’t get used to the rough play and deafening roar, inwardly calling it an inhuman modern version of the bloody fights of men with men or with wild animals in the arena of the Roman amphitheater.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“(Football，此系另一種很激烈的足球，與中國(guó)現(xiàn)行的不同)”譯為Unlike the football we now play in China, American football is a very tough game.在翻譯帶括號(hào)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，根據(jù)括號(hào)中內(nèi)容的功能選擇是否去掉括號(hào)，不論是英譯漢還是漢譯英，
2，“入場(chǎng)券賣每人美金二元”譯為admission cost as much as two US dollars per person，其中as much as…的意思是“多達(dá)……”。此句也可譯為the admission tickets cost as much as two US dollars each。雖然原文中并沒有明確寫出“多達(dá)”的意思，但隱含了此意
3，“幾千人同聲喊著本校的‘呼聲’以鼓勵(lì)場(chǎng)中的武士”譯為the stadium would be echoing with the spectators’ chorus of wild yells for their own athletic heroes，其中
① echoing with等于resounding with，作“充滿聲音”解；echo/resound我們?cè)凇督瘛分幸姷蕉啻危热凰某鲧R率入境率如此之高，那么就一定要跟他做朋友了，echo作名詞意為“回聲，回答；十分相似的東西”作動(dòng)詞“重復(fù)，回響，充滿”還可以表示“附和”如He might have chosen to echo the rising Keynesianism and positivism of his day.他本可以選擇附和當(dāng)時(shí)處于上升期的凱恩斯主義和實(shí)證主義。
②chorus of wild yells等于simultaneous wild yells，作“同聲狂呼”解，其中chorus作動(dòng)詞本身就有“合唱，齊聲說”的意思，省去了譯“同時(shí)”這個(gè)意思的篇幅，再次體現(xiàn)用詞精準(zhǔn)對(duì)翻譯的重要性；
③their own athletic heroes也可譯為the warriors（戰(zhàn)士） of their own team。
4，“祝賀他”實(shí)指“向他致敬”，故譯為saluting…h(huán)im。
5，“這真是羅馬時(shí)代的角抵和斗獸的遺風(fēng)，很不人道的”中的“角抵”又作 “角觚”，指人與人的搏斗，“斗獸”指人與野獸的搏斗，兩者合譯為the bloody fights of men with men or with wild animals，其中bloody是添加成分；
6，“羅馬時(shí)代”按“古羅馬圓形劇場(chǎng)中的競(jìng)技場(chǎng)”的意思譯為in the arena of the Roman amphitheater（競(jìng)技場(chǎng)，圓形劇場(chǎng)）；“……的遺風(fēng)”意即“……的現(xiàn)代形式”，故譯為modern version of…。

綜述：看到平時(shí)詞語(yǔ)積累對(duì)于翻譯的重要性了喵~

但是場(chǎng)中叫喊的人，不但是少年男女，還有許多白發(fā)的老教授，——我的植物教習(xí)羅里教授就坐在我的附近，——也拼命的喊著助威的“呼聲”!我心里更不明白了⑥!但是我以后還去看過幾次，看到第三次，我也不知不覺的站起來⑦，跟著我們的同學(xué)們拼命的喊那助威的“呼聲”!
Among the yelling crowds were not only young boys and girls, but also many hoary-headed old professors. I was very surprised to see my professor of botany, who happened to sit nearly, also shouting frantically.I went to watch football several times. The third time, however, found me rising to my feet in spite of myself to join my fellow students in cheering like mad.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“我心里更不明白了”未按字面直譯，現(xiàn)譯為I was very surprised…，意思相同。
2，“看到第三次，我也不知不覺的站起來，跟著我們的同學(xué)們拼命的喊那助威的“呼聲”!“譯為The third time, however, found me rising to my feet in spite of myself to join my fellow students in cheering like mad.譯文以時(shí)間做主語(yǔ)，符合英語(yǔ)常用無(wú)靈主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)化了句子結(jié)構(gòu)。如：他在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中屢次提拔，晉升很快。=The Second World War brought him rapid battle promotion.這種譯法在政經(jīng)類的文章中也有，用來陳述事實(shí)，增強(qiáng)文章客觀性，如：
過去十年，我國(guó)海外購(gòu)物的人數(shù)不斷上升。The past 10 years has witnessed China’s rapid increase in purchase volume abroad.
3，“我也不知不覺的站起來”譯為rising to my feet in spite of myself，其中成語(yǔ)in spite of myself作“不由自主地”或“不禁”解。

綜述：主要注意一些詞語(yǔ)的表述，以及本段出現(xiàn)的“時(shí)間做主語(yǔ)”的現(xiàn)象，這個(gè)手法很重要哦~

難道我被那野蠻的遺風(fēng)同化了嗎?不是的；我漸漸把我從中國(guó)帶去的“老人意態(tài)”丟開了；我也變少年了!我在北京大學(xué)住了五年，不知不覺的又被中國(guó)學(xué)生的“斯文樣子”同化了，我的“老人意態(tài)”又差不多全回來了。
Can I have been assimilated into the barbarous modern version of the ancient Roman practice? No. The fact is, I gradually threw away the “old-age mentality” that I’d brought with me from China. I became rejuvenated.Now, after spending five years teaching at Peking University, I’ve been assimilated into the “scholarly dignity” of my students, so that my erstwhile “old-age mentality” has revived by and large.

要點(diǎn)：
1，”被同化為…“=be assimilated into
2,”變少年“此處意為“返老還童”不宜譯作”become teenage”，rejuvenate 更為適合
3， “意態(tài)”此處意為“心態(tài)”，譯作mentality~
4, “斯文樣子”意即“書生的端莊模樣”，故譯為scholarly dignity

綜述：本段尤其要注意一些詞語(yǔ)的理解，要結(jié)合上下文，不可斷章取義~

今天忽然聽說北京大學(xué)要開一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，這個(gè)消息使我很高興。我的記憶力使我回到十二年前跟著大家大呼大喊的時(shí)候，我很想再有同樣的機(jī)會(huì)使我彈去一點(diǎn)“老態(tài)”。我希望許多同學(xué)都來這運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)場(chǎng)上嘗嘗少年的高興，——把那斯文的老景暫時(shí)丟在講堂上或寄宿舍里!
Today I was very happy to hear that Peking University was about to schedule a sports meet. That reminds me of how twelve years ago I joined the football crowds in giving loud yells. I’m looking forward very eagerly to the new opportunity for me to regain some of my youthful spirit. I hope all my students will be present at the playing field to taste the joy of youthfulness and temporarily leave behind their “scholarly dignity” in the classroom or dormitory.

要點(diǎn)：
1，schedule作動(dòng)詞意為，“安排，預(yù)定”如：What was President Hamid Karzai thinking in trying to schedule a snap election?對(duì)于安排一個(gè)迅速的選舉，卡爾扎伊總統(tǒng)是怎么考慮的呢？
2，football crowds意指“觀看足球的人群”
3，“彈去一點(diǎn)‘老態(tài)’”即“充實(shí)少年的姿態(tài)”譯為to regain some of my youthful spirit，也可譯為to shed（擺脫，去除） some of my “old-age mentality”,但前者在表述上更簡(jiǎn)潔，也更添一種輕快的語(yǔ)氣。

綜述：本段句式無(wú)難點(diǎn)哦，注意翻譯時(shí)貼近作者的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格哦

Ps： 《我對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的感想》是胡適（1891--1962）寫于1922年4月21日的短文，當(dāng)時(shí)他在北京大學(xué)任教。“我對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的感想”指“北大運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)”，英譯時(shí)也省略“北大”：Reflections on the Sports Meet或Thoughts on the Sports Meet。

聲明：本雙語(yǔ)文章的中文評(píng)析系滬江英語(yǔ)原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文評(píng)析僅代表作者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。