可以引導(dǎo)定語從句的有以下關(guān)系詞:
  關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
  關(guān)系副詞有:when, where, why等。
  關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
  關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
  1)who, whom, that
  這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
  Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
  2)Whose
  用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
  3)which, that
  它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
  The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
  關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
  關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
  1)when, where, why
  關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用,例如:
  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。
  Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
  2)that代替關(guān)系副詞
  that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略,例如:
  His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。