For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”
猶他州東部的這個(gè)地帶礦產(chǎn)資源豐富，幾代人以來(lái)，煤炭一直是其經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈。談及地下采煤的往事，礦工家庭都會(huì)倍感自豪。煤炭供應(yīng)公司在城鎮(zhèn)街道兩旁鱗次櫛比。通向礦場(chǎng)的蜿蜒的道路上，可以看到畫(huà)著礦工形象的廣告牌，他滿身煤污，凝視遠(yuǎn)方，旁邊寫(xiě)著“煤炭=工作”的標(biāo)語(yǔ)。

【注釋1】Toil?長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或辛苦工作
Students toiling over their homework
辛辛苦苦做功課的學(xué)生
We toiled away all afternoon to get the house ready for our guests.
我們忙了一下午收拾房子準(zhǔn)備迎接賓客.

【注釋2】Smudge?/ sm?d?; sm?d?/ 污點(diǎn), 污跡（常因磨擦造成的）

You’vegot a smudge of soot on your cheek.
你臉上有塊煤灰污跡.
Wash your hands or you’ll make smudges on the writing paper.
把手洗乾凈, 別把寫(xiě)字的紙弄臟了.

But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.
但是最近，人們開(kāi)始擔(dān)憂起來(lái)。小鎮(zhèn)附近的峽谷間有全州最早的火電廠，如今它正面臨關(guān)停厄運(yùn)，因?yàn)槁?lián)邦政府新頒布了更嚴(yán)格的污染治理法規(guī)。

As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.
隨著能源公司紛紛放棄煤炭，轉(zhuǎn)而選擇更加清潔廉價(jià)的天然氣，人們?nèi)諠u擔(dān)心這種改變也會(huì)一并帶走他們的家園。當(dāng)?shù)乜ū景l(fā)電廠的很多工人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到，他們將不得不提早退休或另尋出路。

【注釋3】Afraid?不只是害怕，還有擔(dān)心

I was afraid that nobody would believe me.
我擔(dān)心沒(méi)有人會(huì)相信我的話。

【注釋4】Tack
To change the direction or course of a vessel:
搶風(fēng)調(diào)向：改變一艘船的方向或航線：
ready to tack on the captain’s signal.
準(zhǔn)備一等船長(zhǎng)發(fā)出信號(hào)就換搶風(fēng)向

【注釋5】Dozens?不確定的大數(shù)量的：
dozens of errands to run.
許多要跑腿的差事
She’s got dozens of boy-friends.
她的男朋友多極了.

“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.
凱爾?戴維斯（Kyle Davis）從18歲就在這家電廠上班，他說(shuō)：“許多人都在擔(dān)憂?！?/div>

But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.
洛基山能源是經(jīng)營(yíng)這家日漸衰落的工廠的公用事業(yè)公司，他們已經(jīng)查明/確認(rèn)/斷定，如果為了達(dá)到汞排放聯(lián)邦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而增加新設(shè)備，那成本將會(huì)太高。該工廠計(jì)劃于2015年4月關(guān)閉。

【注釋6】Determine：查明 To determine a fact means to discover it as a result of investigation.

Experts say testing needs to be done on each contaminant to determine the long-term effects on humans.
專(zhuān)家說(shuō)需要對(duì)每種污染物進(jìn)行測(cè)試，以查明對(duì)人類(lèi)的長(zhǎng)期影響。
The police determined that no crime had been committed in the street.
警察確定，街上沒(méi)有發(fā)生犯罪行為。

For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.
近年來(lái)，由于環(huán)保法規(guī)更加嚴(yán)格，電力需求日趨減少，再加上公用事業(yè)公司對(duì)天然氣的推廣，火電廠在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)都正相繼關(guān)停。

【注釋7 】Utility：公用事業(yè)公司

The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.
據(jù)環(huán)保局預(yù)計(jì)估算，如果推行更嚴(yán)格的工廠排放規(guī)定，可以節(jié)約高達(dá)幾十億美元的相關(guān)健康儲(chǔ)蓄經(jīng)費(fèi)，而且對(duì)空氣質(zhì)量也會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。

“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.
“在美國(guó)，火電廠是有害碳污染的最大單一來(lái)源，但我們已經(jīng)有風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能等替代能源取代，”塞拉俱樂(lè)部的無(wú)煤運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)人布魯斯?尼爾斯說(shuō) 。該項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)旨在關(guān)停國(guó)內(nèi)所有的燃煤電廠。

For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.
對(duì)這里的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，煤礦工作是他們所知的全部。艱難時(shí)期，也是煤礦產(chǎn)業(yè)將這片區(qū)域凝聚起來(lái)，特別是 2007 年發(fā)生的一起煤礦事故中， 9名礦工在公路地面下近35米處遇難的黑暗日子里。實(shí)際上，普賴(lài)斯鎮(zhèn)周邊的人都幾乎認(rèn)識(shí)這幾位遇難者，其中六位仍葬身于長(zhǎng)眠礦山之下。

【注釋8】地名英譯、人名英譯

除另有特別規(guī)定外，對(duì)于原文中的地名一般都是要求翻譯的，翻譯時(shí)可以借助外文詞典、地名詞典或其他工具。在考試中，考生應(yīng)該力爭(zhēng)將地名按照通用的習(xí)慣說(shuō)法準(zhǔn)確地翻譯出來(lái)，尤其是一些著名的大城市，幾個(gè)主要大國(guó)的州（?。┮患?jí)名稱(chēng)。小地名字典上查不到，當(dāng)然可以自譯，這時(shí)如果在地名譯文首次出現(xiàn)時(shí)將原文加括號(hào)附在詞后，不失為一種聰明的處理方法。考慮到這是限時(shí)的考試，閱卷時(shí)，各閱卷組也會(huì)對(duì)這些小地名的扣分作統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。

除另有特別規(guī)定外，對(duì)于原文中的人名一般都是要求翻譯的，翻譯時(shí)可以借助外文詞典、人名詞典或其他工具。在考試中，考生應(yīng)該力爭(zhēng)將人名準(zhǔn)確地翻譯出來(lái)，尤其是一些國(guó)際上較為著名的人物，例如聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)、幾個(gè)主要大國(guó)的國(guó)家元首或政府首腦，歷史上有名的大科學(xué)家、大文學(xué)家等。對(duì)于一些一般人不太熟悉的人名，即使翻譯得不太準(zhǔn)確，考慮到這是限時(shí)的考試，閱卷老師一般是可以通融的（各閱卷組會(huì)作統(tǒng)一規(guī)定）。有的考生在譯文中將外國(guó)人名直接上原文，這是不符合要求的（除非有特殊規(guī)定），閱卷老師會(huì)相應(yīng)地扣分。

But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.
然而，人們一致默認(rèn)的是，卡本縣將不得不面臨做出改變——如果不是現(xiàn)在，也會(huì)是不久的將來(lái)。

Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.
皮特?帕拉西奧斯（Pete Palacios）在煤礦工作已有43個(gè)年頭了，在這里他在這里見(jiàn)證了煤炭行業(yè)的興衰起落。如今86歲的他，回想起自己第一份采礦工作時(shí)熱淚盈眶。那時(shí)他才12歲，每天掙1美元?！拔椰F(xiàn)在退休了倒是沒(méi)問(wèn)題。但是那些年輕礦工呢？” 說(shuō)這番話時(shí)，他的聲音越來(lái)越低沉。

【注釋9】
Trail：拉長(zhǎng)聲音講話
Trail off: 減弱，變小

【全篇解析】：參考譯文綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)各版本，僅供參考。本篇原文理解并不困難，困難仍然是在表達(dá)方面，特別是長(zhǎng)句拆分重組。生詞其實(shí)也不少，放在三級(jí)筆譯中還有時(shí)間查詞典，如果是二級(jí)筆譯，很可能會(huì)做不完。
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