NB: This may not be a word-for-word transcript.

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Briefing to Executive Board on Zika Situation
有關(guān)寨卡病毒情況向執(zhí)行委員會(huì)的通報(bào)
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Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization
世衛(wèi)組織總干事 陳馮富珍博士
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Geneva, Switzerland
瑞士 ?日內(nèi)瓦
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28 January 2016
2016年1月28日
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Distinguished members of the Board, representatives of Member States, ladies and gentlemen,
尊敬的委員會(huì)委員、各位會(huì)員國(guó)代表、女士們、先生們：
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Welcome to this briefing on the Zika situation. I will give you a brief history of this disease and explain why WHO is so deeply concerned.?
歡迎前來(lái)參加寨卡病毒情況通報(bào)會(huì)。我將概述一下此病的歷史由來(lái)，解釋為什么世衛(wèi)組織要給予如此深切的關(guān)注。
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The Zika virus was first isolated in 1947 from a monkey in the Zika forest of Uganda. Its historical home has been in a narrow equatorial belt stretching across Africa and into equatorial Asia.?
寨卡病毒最初是1947年從烏干達(dá)的寨卡森林的猴子身上分離出來(lái)的。它的歷史家園始終位于從非洲伸展到亞洲赤道地區(qū)的一個(gè)狹窄的赤道帶。
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For decades, the disease, transmitted by the Aedes genus of mosquito, slumbered, affecting mainly monkeys. In humans, Zika occasionally caused a mild disease of low concern.?
幾十年來(lái)，寨卡病經(jīng)由伊蚊屬蚊蟲(chóng)傳播，悄無(wú)聲息，主要感染猴子。在人身上，寨卡病毒有時(shí)會(huì)引起人們很少關(guān)注的輕微疾病。
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In 2007, Zika expanded its geographical range to cause the first documented outbreak in the Pacific islands, in the Federated States of Micronesia. From 2013-2014, 4 additional Pacific island nations documented large Zika outbreaks.
2007年，寨卡病毒擴(kuò)展了其地理分布，在大平洋島嶼、密克羅尼西亞導(dǎo)致了第一次有案可查的疫情。2013-2014年，太平洋島嶼國(guó)家又記錄了四次新的大規(guī)模寨卡病毒疫情。
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In French Polynesia, the Zika outbreak was associated with neurological complications at a time when the virus was co-circulating with dengue. That was a unique feature, but difficult to interpret.?
在法屬波利尼西亞，在寨卡病毒隨登革熱傳播時(shí)，會(huì)伴隨發(fā)生神經(jīng)并發(fā)癥。這是個(gè)很獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)，難以作出解釋。
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The situation today is dramatically different. Last year, the virus was detected in the Americas, where it is now spreading explosively. As of today, cases have been reported in 23 countries and territories in the region.?
當(dāng)前的情況全然不同。去年，在美洲發(fā)現(xiàn)了寨卡病毒，目前呈暴發(fā)性傳播。截至今天，該區(qū)域已經(jīng)有23個(gè)國(guó)家和領(lǐng)土報(bào)告了病例。
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The level of alarm is extremely high.?
警戒級(jí)別極高。
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Arrival of the virus in some places has been associated with a steep increase in the birth of babies with abnormally small heads and in cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
在一些地方，伴隨病毒而來(lái)的，是新生畸形小頭嬰兒，以及吉蘭–巴雷綜合征病例激增。
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A causal relationship between Zika virus infection and birth malformations and neurological syndromes has not yet been established, but is strongly suspected.?
寨卡病毒感染與出生缺陷和神經(jīng)并發(fā)癥之間的因果關(guān)系尚未得到確認(rèn)，但人們高度懷疑這一點(diǎn)。
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The possible links, only recently suspected, have rapidly changed the risk profile of Zika, from a mild threat to one of alarming proportions. The increased incidence of microcephaly is particularly alarming, as it places a heart-breaking burden on families and communities.?
二者之間的聯(lián)系，僅在最近才受到懷疑，隨即使寨卡病從輕微威脅迅速改變成為一種駭人的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。小頭癥發(fā)病率日增，尤其令人震驚，因?yàn)樗o家庭和社區(qū)帶來(lái)了令人心碎的負(fù)擔(dān)。
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WHO is deeply concerned about this rapidly evolving situation for 4 main reasons:?
世衛(wèi)組織出于四個(gè)理由，深為關(guān)注這一迅速變化的情況：
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The possible association of infection with birth malformations and neurological syndromes;
感染與出生缺陷和神經(jīng)綜合征的可能聯(lián)系；
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The potential for further international spread given the wide geographical distribution of the mosquito vector;
鑒于蚊蟲(chóng)媒介的廣泛地理分布，可能進(jìn)一步出現(xiàn)國(guó)際傳播；
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The lack of population immunity in newly affected areas
在新近疫情地區(qū)，人群免疫力欠缺；
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The absence of vaccines, specific treatments, and rapid diagnostic tests.
缺少疫苗、特效治療手段和快速診斷檢測(cè)方法。
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Moreover, conditions associated with this year’s El Nino weather pattern are expected to increase mosquito populations greatly in many areas.?
此外，隨著今年的厄爾尼諾氣候模式，種種條件可能導(dǎo)致許多地區(qū)蚊蟲(chóng)激增。
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The level of concern is high, as is the level of uncertainty. Questions abound. We need to get some answers quickly.?
我們高度關(guān)切，而不確定性的程度也很高。問(wèn)題很多。我們需要迅速找出一些答案。
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For all these reasons, I have decided to convene an Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations. The Committee will meet in Geneva on Monday, 1 February.?
出于所有這些理由，我決定根據(jù)《國(guó)際衛(wèi)生條例》召集突發(fā)事件委員會(huì)。該委員會(huì)將于2月1日星期一在日內(nèi)瓦舉行會(huì)議。?
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I am asking the Committee for advice on the appropriate level of international concern and for recommended measures that should be undertaken in affected countries and elsewhere. I will also ask the Committee to prioritize areas where research is most urgently needed.?
我請(qǐng)委員會(huì)就國(guó)際關(guān)切的適當(dāng)程度表明意見(jiàn)，并就應(yīng)在受影響國(guó)家和其它地方采取哪些措施提出建議。我還請(qǐng)委員會(huì)劃定須作為當(dāng)務(wù)之急的研究領(lǐng)域。
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Decisions concerning the Committee’s advice to me will be made public on our web site.?
關(guān)于委員會(huì)向我提出的建議的決定，將在我們的網(wǎng)站上公布。
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Thank you.
謝謝大家！