在東盟地區(qū)論壇海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控與合作研討會(huì)上的致辭
Remarks at the ARF Seminar on Maritime Risks Management and Cooperation

?
2015年12月14日，北京
Beijing, 14 December 2015
?
尊敬的中國國防大學(xué)政委劉亞洲上將，
尊敬的中方共同主席、國防大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)周愛民中將，
尊敬的柬方共同主席、柬埔寨外交與國際合作部副國務(wù)秘書坎帕烈先生，
女士們，先生們，朋友們，
General Liu Yazhou, Political Commissar of the National Defense University of the PLA,
Lieutenant General Zhou Aimin, Chinese Co-Chair and Vice President of the National Defense University,
Mr. Kan Pharidh, Cambodian Co-Chair and Under-Secretary of State of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,

?
很高興出席東盟地區(qū)論壇（ARF）海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控與合作研討會(huì)。我謹(jǐn)代表中國外交部對(duì)各位嘉賓的到來表示熱烈歡迎，感謝共同主席國柬埔寨對(duì)舉辦此次研討會(huì)的大力協(xié)助，感謝中國國防大學(xué)所做的大量工作。
It’s my great pleasure to attend the ARF Seminar on Maritime Risks Management and Cooperation. On behalf of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, I wish to warmly welcome all the distinguished guests present, and thank our Cambodian co-chair for the strong support to this workshop. I also want to thank the National Defense University for the great deal of work it has done to put this workshop together.
?
有人說，21世紀(jì)是海洋的世紀(jì)。進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)以來，海洋對(duì)各國發(fā)展與安全日益重要，不少國家開始實(shí)施以海洋為中心的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，包括中國的“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”倡議、印尼的“全球海洋支點(diǎn)”戰(zhàn)略等。在此背景下，地區(qū)海上安全的重要性更為突出。
Some say that the 21st century is a century of ocean. Since the beginning of the new century, the ocean has become increasingly important to the development and security of all countries. Many countries have started to implement the development strategy with the ocean at its core, including China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiative and Indonesia’s Global Maritime Fulcrum Plan. Against this backdrop, maritime security in the region has become more important.
?
當(dāng)前，亞太海上安全形勢(shì)總體穩(wěn)定。地區(qū)國家在開發(fā)和利用海洋資源方面不斷取得新進(jìn)展，為各國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)作出重要貢獻(xiàn)。地區(qū)海上運(yùn)輸通道保持通暢，航行自由不存在問題。作為全球重要的貿(mào)易集散地，亞太地區(qū)內(nèi)部和對(duì)外貿(mào)易額持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。這些都印證了亞太海上安全是有保障的。
As we speak, maritime security situation in the Asia-Pacific is on the whole stable. Countries in the region are making new progress in developing and using marine resources, which has contributed a lot to their economic growth. Sea lines of communications in the region are kept unobstructed, and there is no problem with freedom of navigation. As an important trade distribution center, the Asia-Pacific has maintained growth in regional and external trade. These all prove that maritime security in the Asia-Pacific is guaranteed.
?
與此同時(shí)，地區(qū)海上安全面臨的挑戰(zhàn)亦不容忽視，安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)呈上升之勢(shì)，特別是非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅日益突出。近年來，亞太地區(qū)地震、颶風(fēng)、海嘯等嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害多發(fā)，溢油、危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品泄露、海難等海上突發(fā)事故增多，海盜、跨國犯罪、偷渡、非法捕魚等事件屢見不鮮。地區(qū)國家應(yīng)對(duì)海上突發(fā)事件的能力相對(duì)不足。由于助航設(shè)施相對(duì)落后，一些重要航道面臨的通航壓力也在增大。此外，部分國家之間在傳統(tǒng)安全領(lǐng)域的互信不足和誤解，也給海上安全帶來一定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
On the other hand, maritime security risks in the region are on the rise. In particular, non-traditional security threats have become more prominent. In recent years, we have seen frequent natural disasters such as earthquake, hurricane and tsunami, a growing number of maritime emergencies including offshore oil spill, leakage of hazardous chemicals and shipwreck, and frequent incidents of piracy, transnational crime, smuggling and illegal fishing.
?
Due to outdated navigation facilities, some important sea lines of communications are facing growing pressure. In addition, lack of mutual trust and misunderstanding in traditional security areas have also brought certain risks to maritime security.

?
女士們，先生們，朋友們，
Ladies and Gentlemen,?
Dear Friends,

?
維護(hù)海上和平安全是地區(qū)國家的共同責(zé)任，符合各方的共同利益。海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也絕非一國可以管控，需要地區(qū)國家通力合作。中國愿與地區(qū)各國進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)合作，共同應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，推動(dòng)建設(shè)和諧海洋，促進(jìn)海洋的和平、安全、開放，共享海洋機(jī)遇和資源。
It is our common responsibility to uphold maritime peace and security, and it serves our common interests. It takes the concerted efforts of all countries in the region, not that of any particular one, to manage maritime security risks. China is ready to work closely with all countries in the region to address challenges, promote the development of harmonious, peaceful, secure and open ocean, and share the opportunities and resources from the ocean.
?
——中國將繼續(xù)推動(dòng)海上非傳統(tǒng)安全合作。為深化地區(qū)搜救合作，中方推動(dòng)去年東盟地區(qū)論壇外長(zhǎng)會(huì)通過加強(qiáng)?？账丫葏f(xié)調(diào)與合作的聲明，探討建立更有效、快捷的亞太搜救合作協(xié)調(diào)模式。為加強(qiáng)海上環(huán)保合作，過去兩年中國與相關(guān)國家在東盟地區(qū)論壇框架下共同舉辦了兩次研討會(huì)，推動(dòng)通過了有關(guān)海上溢油合作和海洋環(huán)保合作的兩份聲明。本周中國還將與文萊、泰國、美國舉辦第三次研討會(huì)，主題是海上溢油應(yīng)急處置，推動(dòng)各方成立區(qū)域溢油應(yīng)急響應(yīng)專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)，拓寬各方交流渠道。今年5月中方與馬來西亞共同舉辦的東盟地區(qū)論壇第四次救災(zāi)演習(xí)中，海上搜救和溢油應(yīng)急處置也是演習(xí)的兩個(gè)主要場(chǎng)景。未來，中方愿秉持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)安全的理念，以?？账丫?、海洋環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域?yàn)橹攸c(diǎn)，擴(kuò)大與地區(qū)國家的雙多邊合作，為應(yīng)對(duì)海上非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。
– First, China will continue to promote maritime non-traditional security cooperation. To deepen regional cooperation on search and rescue, China facilitated the adoption of the Statement on Strengthening Coordination and Cooperation on Maritime and Aeronautical Search and Rescue at the ARF ministerial meeting last year, in an attempt to explore more effective and convenient modalities of search and rescue cooperation and coordination in the Asia-Pacific.
?
To strengthen cooperation on maritime environmental protection, China and relevant countries have in the past two years co-hosted two ARF workshops and adopted two statements on cooperation in marine oil spill and marine environmental protection. This week, China, Brunei, Thailand and the United States will hold the third workshop that focuses on emergency response management and disposal cooperation.
?
China will uphold the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and expand bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other regional countries, with the focus on maritime search and rescue and marine environmental protection, so as to make greater contribution to managing non-traditional maritime security threats.

?
——中國將繼續(xù)支持保障海上航道安全。中國積極參與馬六甲海峽航行安全和環(huán)境保護(hù)合作，向海峽助航設(shè)施基金和沿岸國建立觀測(cè)站提供技術(shù)和資金支持。中國積極推動(dòng)打擊海盜國際合作，7年來共派出22批海軍艦船赴亞丁灣、索馬里海域執(zhí)行護(hù)航任務(wù)，接受護(hù)航的船只逾6000艘，其中一半是外國船只。作為發(fā)起國之一，中國積極支持《亞洲地區(qū)反海盜及武裝劫船合作協(xié)定》“信息分享中心”能力建設(shè)和發(fā)展。未來，中方愿加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)、海上執(zhí)法和海事管理機(jī)構(gòu)之間的信息交流、聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓(xùn)，加強(qiáng)相關(guān)能力建設(shè)，共同提升地區(qū)國家維護(hù)航道暢通和安全的能力。
– Second, China will continue to uphold the security of sea lines of communications. China has actively participated in the cooperation on navigation safety and environmental protection in the Straits of Malacca, and provided technical and financial support to the Aids to Navigation Fund and to the establishment of measurement systems by littoral states.
?
China has actively engaged in international cooperation in combating piracy, and has dispatched, over the past seven years, 22 groups of naval ships to the Gulf of Aden and waters off the Somali coast for escort missions. Over 6,000 ships have been protected and half of them are from foreign countries. As one of the founding members of ReCAAP, China has actively supported the capacity building and development of its Information Sharing Center. China is ready to strengthen information exchange, joint training and exercise with the armed forces, maritime law enforcement and maritime management agencies of other countries, so as to enhance capacity building and better enable regional countries to maintain smooth and safe sea lines of communications.

?
——中國將繼續(xù)完善海上安全行為規(guī)則。在中方推動(dòng)下，去年在華舉行的西太平洋海軍論壇年會(huì)通過《海上意外相遇規(guī)則》。此后，中國與美國多次舉行海上意外相遇規(guī)則演練，中國也正與東盟國家探討明年舉行類似演練。中美兩國國防部去年簽署“兩個(gè)互信機(jī)制”，即建立重大軍事行動(dòng)相互通報(bào)信任措施機(jī)制和關(guān)于?？障嘤霭踩袨闇?zhǔn)則的諒解備忘錄，今年又簽署軍事危機(jī)通報(bào)、空中相遇兩個(gè)附件，對(duì)雙方增進(jìn)戰(zhàn)略互信、避免誤解誤判和海空意外事件具有積極意義。未來，中方愿在地區(qū)多邊安全框架下與各方加強(qiáng)關(guān)于海上行為規(guī)范和危機(jī)管控的討論，為海上安全打造穩(wěn)定可靠的制度框架。
– Third, China will continue to improve code of conduct for maritime safety. Under China’s initiative, the Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea (CUES) was adopted at the Western Pacific Naval Symposium held in China last year. Later, China and the United States conducted several exercises on CUEs, and China is discussing with ASEAN countries to conduct a similar exercise next year.
?
Last year, the Chinese and US defense ministries signed the MOU on Notification of Major Military Activities Confidence-Building Measures Mechanism and the MOU on the Rules of Behavior for Safety of Air and Maritime Encounters. This year the two ministries signed two annexes on the notification of military crisis and on the rules of behavior on air encounters. These mechanisms are important for the two sides to enhance strategic trust, avoid misunderstanding, miscalculation and incidents at sea or in air. Going forward, China is ready to expand discussions with other parities on the codes of conduct and crisis management at sea under the regional multilateral security framework, in order to build a stable and reliable institutional framework for maritime security.

?
——中國將繼續(xù)致力于和平解決海上爭(zhēng)議。近年來南海問題受到高度關(guān)注，一些國家人為炒作南海局勢(shì)緊張。事實(shí)上，中國和東盟國家一直就南海問題保持著良好對(duì)話溝通，維護(hù)了南海的總體和平穩(wěn)定。我們共同提出處理南海問題的“雙軌”思路，即有關(guān)爭(zhēng)議由直接有關(guān)的主權(quán)國家談判協(xié)商解決，南海的和平穩(wěn)定由中國和東盟國家共同維護(hù)。當(dāng)前，我們正致力于全面有效落實(shí)《南海各方行為宣言》框架下的務(wù)實(shí)合作，積極推進(jìn)“南海行為準(zhǔn)則”磋商，并就早期收獲達(dá)成不少共識(shí)，包括建立應(yīng)對(duì)海上緊急事態(tài)外交高官熱線。同時(shí)，各方還同意根據(jù)中方提議，探討制訂“海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控預(yù)防性措施”。這些進(jìn)展都有助于在“準(zhǔn)則”達(dá)成前有效管控海上局勢(shì)，防止不測(cè)事件發(fā)生。
– Fourth, China will remain committed to peaceful resolution of maritime disputes. In recent year, the South China Sea issue has attracted much attention. Some countries have deliberately exaggerated tension in the South China Sea. As a matter of fact, China and ASEAN countries, through effective dialogue and communication, have maintained overall peace and stability in the South China Sea. China and ASEAN jointly proposed the “dual-track” approach, which means that relevant disputes are to be resolved by sovereign states directly concerned through negotiations, while peace and stability in the South China Sea be jointly upheld by China and ASEAN countries working together.
?
China and ASEAN countries are now committed to the practical cooperation within the framework of the full and effective implementation of the DOC. Consultations on a COC are well underway, and many agreements on early harvest have been reached, including setting up a senior officials’ hotline for maritime emergencies. At the same time, all sides are exploring the formulation of the Preventive Measures on Managing Risks at Sea based on China’s proposal. All these will help effectively manage maritime situation and avoid unexpected incidents, pending the final conclusion of a COC.
?
同時(shí)，希望域外國家尊重和支持地區(qū)國家維護(hù)南海和平穩(wěn)定的努力，發(fā)揮積極和建設(shè)性的作用，不采取導(dǎo)致地區(qū)局勢(shì)緊張的行動(dòng)。
China hopes that countries outside the region would respect and support the efforts of regional countries to uphold peace and stability in the South China Sea, play a positive and constructive role, and refrain from taking any actions that may escalate tension in the region.
?
女士們，先生們，朋友們，
Ladies and Gentlemen,?
Dear Friends,

?
長(zhǎng)期以來，東盟地區(qū)論壇一直將促進(jìn)海上安全合作作為優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域，開展了卓有成效的合作。在座各位都是海上安全領(lǐng)域的專家，期待諸位借助此次在此次會(huì)議上，充分、坦誠地交流看法，為化解海上安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、推動(dòng)海上安全合作貢獻(xiàn)智慧。未來，希望各方更好地借用論壇平臺(tái)，創(chuàng)新合作方式，拓展合作領(lǐng)域，舉辦更多合作項(xiàng)目，為保障地區(qū)海上安全、促進(jìn)地區(qū)繁榮穩(wěn)定作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。
The ARF has, since its inception, put maritime security cooperation as one of its priorities and conducted fruitful cooperation in this field. I hope that through this workshop, you could have full and sincere exchange of views, and share your insights on resolving maritime risks and promoting maritime security cooperation. I also hope that all ARF participating members could make better use of the forum, conduct cooperation with innovative models and in more areas, and make greater contribution to maritime security, prosperity and stability in the region.
?
最后，預(yù)祝此次研討會(huì)圓滿成功！
Finally, I wish this workshop a complete success.
?
謝謝大家！
Thank you.