一般過去時的基本用法
? ? ? 1. 一般過去時的定義
一般過去時表示過去某一時候或某一段時間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過去時間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past連用。如:
What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?
I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我會到了林濤。
I was there a moment ago. 剛才我在那兒。
2. 一般過去時的應用
(1) 表示過去某時所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如:
Liu Ying was in America last year. 劉英去年在美國。
Jim rang you just now. 吉姆剛才給你打了電話。
(2) 表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。常接時間副詞often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如:
We often went out for a walk after supper. 我們過去常在晚飯后散步。
We usually played together. 我們通常一起玩。 (from )
3. 一般過去時對謂語動詞的要求
一般過去時的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式。動詞過去式的構成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式,不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個記憶,規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則:
(1) 一般在動詞后加-ed。如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e結尾的動詞后,只加-d。如:like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞后,則改y為i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (from )
(4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結尾且,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞后,雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
4. 特別說明
有些動詞的過去時,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過去時,后接不定式的完成時;或它們的過去完成時接不定式的一般式,都可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。如:
I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他來邀請我參加他的婚禮。
I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算參加他們的比賽。
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