but achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. (4)

但是，要想沿著原生和非原生物質(zhì)之間的界面獲取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某種知識，即什么樣的分子控制著細胞彼此間的結(jié)合——而對這一領(lǐng)域，我們尚未進行充分的探索。

難句類型：

復(fù)雜修飾

解釋：

本句這樣的復(fù)雜修飾和插入語的作用差不多;主語achieving necessary matches之后的修飾成分in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter把主語和謂語requires分開。值得注意的是修飾賓主的of which molecules 中的which在此不是定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，而是一個形容詞，意思是哪個。

意群訓(xùn)練：

but achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly.