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原文閱讀：世界杯導(dǎo)致巴西汽車銷量下滑

Brazil has extended controversial tax breaks for the car industry, blaming the World Cup for reducing sales in the world’s fourth-largest auto market.
Finance minister Guido Mantega said on Monday that he would maintain the reduced manufactured goods levy, known as IPI, for carmakers for another six months until

December, bringing the total cost of the measure to the government this year to about R$1.6bn ($727m) in lost tax revenue. He also extended an IPI tax break for the furniture industry.

The government had previously said it would let the tax break for cars expire in July as fears grow that Brazil will not be able to meet its fiscal target this year. Earlier on Monday, the central bank reported the second-widest primary budget deficit for the month of May in the country’s history.

However, Mr Mantega said the car industry needed further support after sales in the first half of the year were hit by tighter credit conditions as well as the effects of the World Cup. The football-mad nation has largely ground to a halt since the tournament kicked off in the middle of June, hitting some retailers and putting many businesses on hold.

“Although the World Cup is very good for the country and is a big success, bringing many tourists, it causes some problems for specific sales and industries,” Mr Mantega said.

Luiz Moan, head of Anfavea, the national automakers’ group, welcomed the move, saying it would help sales recover in the market, which has been struggling for months as Brazil’s economy slows.

Car sales fell for the first time in a decade last year, ending a boom in the industry that had not only propelled the economy but also benefited the ruling Workers’ party, which has strong links with the industry’s unions.

While data from June have not yet been released, new car registrations dropped about 7 per cent in May from the previous year, according to Anfavea.

Mr Mantega dismissed concerns about the effects of the measure on the country’s primary budget balance, attributing May’s weak fiscal result to “strong comparisons”.

Brazil’s primary budget surplus is currently around 1.5 per cent of gross domestic product on a 12-month basis, below the country’s 1.9 per cent target for this year, according to Alberto Ramos at Goldman Sachs. As a measure of the public sector’s excess revenue and thus capacity to repay debt, the primary surplus is closely watched by investors as a sign of the country’s creditworthiness.

“In our assessment, it will be very difficult for the government to meet the 1.9 per cent of GDP fiscal target in 2014 unless it is able to count on significant extraordinary non-recurrent revenue during the second half of this year and/or exerts strict control over current spending,” Mr Ramos wrote on Monday before the latest tax breaks were announced.

學(xué)習(xí)指南：

1. Word of the day

creditworthiness: the reliability that sb. is able to be trusted to pay back money that is owed 信用可靠度, 信譽(yù)

ex: They now take extra steps to verify the creditworthiness of customers.
例句：他們現(xiàn)在又采取額外措施來核實客戶的信用度。

小編注：creditworthiness來源于形容詞creditworthy（信譽(yù)好的；信用可靠的），但creditworthy含褒義，而creditworthiness是中性詞。

2. Phrase of the day
attribute to: If you attribute something to an event or situation, you think that it was caused by that event or situation. 把…歸因于;把…歸咎于

ex: Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck.
例句：女性傾向于將她們的成功歸因于外部因素，比如運(yùn)氣。

小編注：attribute to除了有“把…歸因于”的意思，還可以表示“將（品質(zhì)或特征）加于…”以及“認(rèn)為(文章、藝術(shù)品或評論）出自…”，比如：

People were beginning to attribute superhuman qualities to him.
人們開始覺得他超人一等。

This, and the remaining frescoes, are not attributed to Giotto.
這個，還有那些殘存的濕壁畫，都不是喬托的作品。

3. Sentence of the day

Brazil has extended controversial tax breaks for the car industry, blaming the World Cup for reducing sales in the world’s fourth-largest auto market.
身為全球第四大汽車市場的巴西將延長頗受爭議的汽車業(yè)減稅政策，原因是世界杯致使汽車銷量下滑。

小編注：分句中的“the world’s fourth-largest auto market”指的是巴西， 分句邏輯主語是Brazil.

4. Cultural point of the day

Goldman Sachs（高盛集團(tuán)）：高盛是一家國際領(lǐng)先的投資銀行和證券公司，向全球提供廣泛的投資、咨詢和金融服務(wù)，擁有大量的多行業(yè)客戶，包括私營公司，金融企業(yè)，政府機(jī)構(gòu)以及個人。高盛集團(tuán)成立于1869年，是全世界歷史最悠久及規(guī)模最大的投資銀行之一，總部設(shè)在紐約，并在東京、倫敦和香港設(shè)有分部，在23個國家擁有41個辦事處。其所有運(yùn)作都建立于緊密一體的全球基礎(chǔ)上，由優(yōu)秀的專家為客戶提供服務(wù)。同時擁有豐富的地區(qū)市場知識和國際運(yùn)作能力。

5.Translation of the day

Car sales fell for the first time in a decade last year, ending a boom in the industry that had not only propelled the economy but also benefited the ruling Workers’ party, which has strong links with the industry’s unions.
去年，巴西汽車銷量出現(xiàn)十年內(nèi)首次下滑，結(jié)束了汽車業(yè)的持續(xù)繁榮。而汽車業(yè)不僅是推動經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要行業(yè)，由于執(zhí)政的勞工黨與該行業(yè)的聯(lián)合會關(guān)系緊密，汽車業(yè)也是勞工黨的助力。

小編注：這句話中， ending現(xiàn)代分詞做狀語，表結(jié)果，即汽車銷量的降低導(dǎo)致了汽車業(yè)繁榮狀況的結(jié)束，因此我們可以看到that引導(dǎo)的定語從句之前的分句與主句邏輯聯(lián)系較強(qiáng)，可以單獨翻譯成一句。再將后半部分的定語從句單獨翻譯，注意此時句子的主語變成了the industry, 也就是汽車業(yè)。從句是由not only…but also…連接的并列句，較為復(fù)雜，因此不宜將which引導(dǎo)從句翻譯成前置定語，造成定語冗長的現(xiàn)象。小編建議翻譯時考慮到該從句事實上解釋了汽車業(yè)也是勞工黨的助力的原因，重新整理句子，翻譯出來。
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