3.1 be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)

3.1.1 be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成
肯定句：主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was/were）...
否定句：主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was/were） + not...
疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（Was/Were） + 主語(yǔ)...?
疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + was/were + 主詞...?

3.1.2 be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句
句型：主語(yǔ) + was/were...
be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)由“主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was/were） + 表語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成：
I was here yesterday.昨天我在這里。
We were hungry.我們當(dāng)時(shí)餓了。
The concert was last night.音樂(lè)會(huì)在昨晚舉行。
The biggest problem was that we didn't have enough time.最大的問(wèn)題是我們當(dāng)時(shí)沒有足夠的時(shí)間。
There were some students on the campus.校園里有一些學(xué)生。
比較be動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式：

【注意】 there is/are句型的一般過(guò)去時(shí)為there was/were。

3.1.3 be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句
句型：主語(yǔ) + was/were + not...
be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)是在be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式was/were后面加上not。否定式的was not，were not大多使用縮寫形式wasn't（讀作/′w znt/）和weren't（讀作/w nt/）：
I was not here yesterday.昨天我不在這里。
He wasn't busy the other day.前幾天他不忙。
There weren't any students in the classroom.教室里一個(gè)學(xué)生也沒有。

3.1.4 be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句
句型：Was/Were + 主語(yǔ)...?
回答方式：Yes，主語(yǔ) + was/were...
No，主語(yǔ) + wasn't/weren't...
be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)是將be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式was/were置于主語(yǔ)之前（大寫was/were的第一個(gè)字母），在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序：
Were you here yesterday? —Yes，I was.你昨天在這里嗎? ——是，我在。
Was there any water in the river then? —Yes，there was./No，there wasn't.那時(shí)那條河里有過(guò)水嗎? ——是的，有過(guò)。/不，沒有。
Were your parents pleased to hear about your new job? —Yes，they were./No，they weren't.你父母聽說(shuō)你有了新工作后，他們高興嗎? ——是。/不是。

3.1.5 be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句
句型：疑問(wèn)代詞（主語(yǔ)）/疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組（主語(yǔ)） + was/were...?
疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + was/were + 主語(yǔ)...?
就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，將疑問(wèn)代詞或帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組置于be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式was/were之前（was/were的第一個(gè)字母無(wú)需大寫），和一般疑問(wèn)句差不多，在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序。就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，則以一個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞開頭，之后是“be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式was/were + 主語(yǔ)”，在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序：
Who was here yesterday? —I was here yesterday.昨天誰(shuí)在這里? ——昨天我在這里。（就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）
How many people were present at the meeting? 參加會(huì)議的有多少人? （就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）
How was your trip to London? 你倫敦之行過(guò)得怎樣? （就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）
What was the weather like yesterday? —Yesterday it rained all day.昨天天氣怎樣? —昨天下了一天雨。（疑問(wèn)代詞what就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）
Where were you yesterday afternoon? —I was at home all after-noon.你昨天下午在哪兒? ——整個(gè)下午我都在家。（疑問(wèn)副詞where就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）
be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)句型的比較，以it為主語(yǔ)：