現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來

現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來，主要用于表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進行時比較生動，給人一種期待感。 它常表最近或較近的將來，所用動詞多是轉(zhuǎn)移動詞。 表將來的現(xiàn)在進行時除用于轉(zhuǎn)移動詞外，亦可用于某些非轉(zhuǎn)移動詞。能這樣用的動詞常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。
如：I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。They’re getting married next month. 他們下個月結婚。Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚將和比爾見面嗎?

1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等詞的現(xiàn)在進行時經(jīng)常用來表示將來確切的計劃。
2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的動詞，例如 fly，walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等的現(xiàn)在進行時也經(jīng)常用于表示將來。
如：但偶爾也表示較遠的將來。如：
When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我長大了要參軍。

3）表將來的現(xiàn)在進行時有時含有“決心”的意思，多用在否定結構中。如：
I’m not going. 我不走了。
I’m not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。
有時也用在肯定結構中。如：
I’m backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。
4）用這種現(xiàn)在進行時與對方講話時可變成命令，不過語氣比較溫和。如：
?You are staying. 你留下吧。
?Don’t forget: you are taking part too. 不要忘記：你也要參加。
5）現(xiàn)在進行時也可在時間、條件或原因狀語從句中表示將來。如：
when you are passing my way, please drop in. 你什么時候路過我們家，請進來坐。（用于時間狀語從句）
If they are not doing it, what I am I to do? 如果他們不干，那我該怎么辦？（用于條件狀語從句）
?She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is having a tooth filled.
6）表示將來的現(xiàn)在進行時也可用在間接引語中，表示說話人相信它將是事實。如：
He said he is going tomorrow. 他說他明天走。
表將來的現(xiàn)在進行時有時從屬于將來時態(tài)。如：
On election night we’ll be telling you what’s happening in various places in this country. 到了選舉的夜晚，我們將把全國各地的情況告訴大家。
when I have time, I’ll come down to the school to see how you’re both doing. 我有空時，會來學?？茨銈儌z的學習情況。

㈡ 現(xiàn)在進行時考查熱點及應對方法

現(xiàn)在進行時是時態(tài)的重要內(nèi)容，通過初中的學習，我們知道它一般表示此時此刻正在進行的動作，然而對現(xiàn)在進行時的掌握還要把握以下幾個要點：

一、考查現(xiàn)在進行時表目前這段時間正在進行的動作
考點說明：現(xiàn)在進行時可表目前這段時間正在進行，但此時此刻不在進行的動作。
1. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.
A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change
答案為A。認真分析語境可知，該句雖不強調(diào)科技此時此刻正在發(fā)展，但卻強調(diào)現(xiàn)階段正高速發(fā)展，因此應使用現(xiàn)在進行時。

2. Rainforests _______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
答案為C。熱帶雨林之所以要消失，是因為現(xiàn)階段正在被快速砍伐和燒毀，盡管此時此刻不一定有人在這樣做，因此應用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
方法揭秘：認真分析語境，體會出動作此刻不在進行，但目前這段時間正在進行。

二、考查現(xiàn)在進行時表一貫性動作的用法
考點說明：現(xiàn)在進行時與always, constantly等副詞連用時，可表反復性、一貫性動作，常用來表示贊揚或厭惡的感情色彩。
3. He_______ of how he can do more for the people.
　　A. had always thought B. is always thinking
　　C. has always been thoughtD. thinking always
解析：答案為B。由語境邏輯及always含義可知，該句表示他總是在考慮如何為人們多做點事，這是一個一貫性、反復性動作，帶有強烈的贊揚色彩，因此應用現(xiàn)在進行時。

方法揭秘：尋找always,constantly等頻度副詞；認真分析語境是否表示一貫性動作；分析講話者是否對該動作含有贊揚或厭惡的感情色彩。

三、考查現(xiàn)在進行時表即將發(fā)生動作的用法
考點說明：come，go，leave，arrive，start，fly，drive等嚴格按照時間表發(fā)生的表"起、止"的動詞可用現(xiàn)在進行時代替一般將來時。
4. I want to know when he _______ for New York tomorrow.
A. has left B. is leavingC. had left D. has been leaving
解析：答案為B。分析語境邏輯可知，該空表將來動作，因為leave表"出發(fā)"，可用現(xiàn)在進行時代替一般將來時。

方法揭秘：分析語境是否表將來動作，動詞是否表起止。

在正式的英語語法里，用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一般將來時用來表示按計劃近期內(nèi)即將發(fā)生的動作．例如：
We are meeting him after the performance.
I'm going to Qingdao for the summer holiday.
When is Mr Manning taking his holiday?
用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一般將來時的用法海常見于某些時間狀語分句核條件狀語分句中．例如：
I'll think about it while you're writing the report.
When you are talking with him,take care not to mention this.
注意，用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一般將來時，在句中或上下文通常有表示將來時間的狀語或其他依據(jù)，否則意義便含糊不清．
比較：
Are you doing anything special tonight?(表示將來)
Are you doing anything special now?（表示說話時正在進行的動作）
Are you doing anything special ?（可作以上兩種解釋，以上下文而定）

現(xiàn)在進行時還可表示將來，主要用于表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。

如：I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。

They’re getting married next month. 他們下個月結婚。

Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚將和比爾見面嗎?

能這樣用的動詞不多，常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。順便說一句，我們除可用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來外，還可用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，兩者的區(qū)別是：用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來，其計劃性較強，并往往暗示一種意圖；而一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，則其客觀性較強，即通常被視為客觀事實，多指按時刻表或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的情況。

比較：I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不準備出去。

What time does the train leave? 火車什么時候開? 火車什么時候開?

如果主語是train, concert, programme 等表示事物的名詞，動詞通常一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，而不用進行時。如：What time does the train leave? 火車什么時候開?The program begins at 4. 這個節(jié)目四點開始。

練一練！
1. Betty __________(leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon. Her brother Bob _________(see) her off. It’s half past one now. They____________ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate.
2. The Browns __________ (go) to the North China by train next week. They _________ (stay) in Beijing for a week. They ________(go) to Xi’an. They ____________(get) there by air.
3. Some friends___________ (come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening. Anne’s mother ___ (be) busy ______ (get) ready for the birthday dinner. Anne _________(help) her mother now.
is leaving, is seeing, are waiting, are going, are staying, are going, are getting, are coming, is… getting, is helping

注意！

另外，表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)，還可用以下幾種形式：

① will / shall＋動詞原形
I shall be seventeen years old next month.

② be going to＋動詞原形：表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進行的事。
We are going to have a meeting today．

③be to＋動詞原形：表示按計劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對方意見。
Are we to go on with this work?

④be about to＋動詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的動作，不與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted at me and told me not to do so.
我正要去游泳，這時向?qū)Т舐暯形也灰ァ?/p>

⑤ be ＋動詞的ing形式：表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的事, 含義是 “預定要……” 這一結構常用趨向動詞 go, arrive, come , leave, start, stay , return 和 play , do , have , work, wear, spend , see, meet等 。 　　
--- When are you going off for your holiday?
你什么時候動身去度假?
--- My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30.
我乘坐的飛機將于9:20分起飛, 所以我必須在8:30之前趕到機場.

⑥一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時
(1)按規(guī)定預計要發(fā)生的未來動作,僅限于動詞come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等動詞.
The plane takes off at 10:10. That is , it’s leaving in ten minutes.

(2)用在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時
If you do that again, I’ll hit you.

(3)用在I bet 和I hope后面, 常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來.
I bet you don’t get up before ten tomorrow.
我敢說你明天不到10點是不會起床的.

⑦單純敘述未來的事實，可以用將來進行時，也可表示按計劃安排將來要執(zhí)行的動作。
實例：
At this time tomorrow __ B ____ over the Atlantic.（2003北京）
A. we’re going to fly　B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly　　　　 D. we're to fly
　

練習題
1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?
---No, but I'll ______ her over Christmas vacation.
A. be seen　　　　B. have seen　　　 C. be seeing　　　 D. to see

2. ---I’m going to the States?
---How long ___ you___ in the States?
A. are; stayed　　 B. are; staying　　C. have; stayed　D. did; stay

3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken

4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology ____ so rapidly.
change B. has changed
C. will have changedD. is changing　

5. --- You’ve left the light on.
---Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.
A.I goB. I’ve gone
C. I’ll goD. I’m going

6. --- Is this raincoat yours?.
---No, mine____ there behind the door.
hangingB. has hung
C. hangs D. hung　　　

7. --- What’s that terrible noise?
---The neighbours____ for a party.
prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare　

8. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down

9. --- Can I join the club, Dad?
--- You can when you ___ a bit old.
B. will get C. are gettingD. will have got


10. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.
to blameB. is going to blame
C. is to be blamedD. should blame

11. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.
going to fly B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll flyD. we’re to fly

12. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.
finishB. am just finishing
C. have just finishedD. am just going to finish

13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.
be calling B. will call
C. call D. am to call

14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?
--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.
ed; are going B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go

答案：1—5 CBADC 6—10 ABCAA 11—14 BBBC

現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來動作
1）現(xiàn)在進行時還?？捎脕肀硎緦淼膭幼鳎貏e是在口語中，這時常有一個表示未來時間的狀語，多指已計劃安排好的事：
I’m meeting Peter tonight. He’s taking me to the theatre.今晚我要和彼得見面，他將帶我去看戲。
I’m flying to Hond Kong tomorrow. 我明天飛香港。
I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home. 今晚我不出去，我要待在家里。
When is Helen coming home? 海倫什么時候回家？
They’re getting married next month. 他們下月結婚。
They’re spending the summer at Switzerland. 他們準備在瑞士過夏天。

［注］在以事物作主語時多用一般現(xiàn)在時表示按時間安排的活動：
The train leaves at 9:30. 火車九點半開。
The fashion show starts at 7. 時裝表演七點開始的。
The progarmme begins at 10. 這個節(jié)目十點開始。

以人為主語時，多用現(xiàn)在進行時表示計劃要做的事:
Nancy isn’t coming to the party. 南希不來參加晚會了。

2）現(xiàn)在進行時也可用在時間和條件從句中表示未來情況：
You must visit Switzerland when you are travelling in Europe. 你在歐洲旅行時一定要訪問瑞士。
If she’s still waiting, tell her to go home. 如果她還在等，可以讓她回家。
You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train. 你等火車時可以看看書。
Suppose it’s still raining tomorrow, shall we go?假定明天還在下雨，我們要去嗎?

3）be going to結構表示：
a．準備或打算做某事：
Is he going to lecture in Englsih or in Chinese? 他打算用英語還是用漢語講課？
He’s going to be a dentist when he grows up. 他長大了打算當牙醫(yī)。
What are you going to do when you get your degree?你拿了學位后打算干什么？
He’s going to buy a new car. 他準備買一輛新車。
She is not going to be there tonight. 她今晚不準備到那里。

b．即將發(fā)生的事或要發(fā)生的事:
My cousin is going to have a baby. 我表姐要生孩子了。
Amy is going to leave soon, isn’t she? 艾米不久就要走了，是嗎？
I’m going to be sick. 我要病倒了。
There’s going to be a thunderstorm. 雷雨即將與來臨。
It’s going to be warm tomorrow. 明天天氣會很暖和。

在這種結構后也可跟go，come這類詞：
Where are you going to go during the holiday? 假期你準備去哪里？
They’re going to come with me. 他們準備和我一道去。
?