When we walk up to introduce ourselves to strangers, we intuitively follow basic cultural rules of politeness. Don’t launch into a monologue about yourself. Don’t look over their shoulder to see if someone more important is nearby. Don’t invade personal space.
當我們向陌生人介紹自己時，我們會不自覺地遵循基本的禮貌要求。不要自說自話。不要越過對方的肩看更重要的人是否在附近。不要侵犯個人空間。

On email, though, it’s the Wild West. The internet and social media have made it effortless to contact strangers: even many influential people are just a click away. When I speak with influencers, they are often shocked by the everyday rudeness in emails from strangers. What does it take to avoid alienating the very people with whom we’re hoping to connect? Here are nine rules for polite email outreach:
而電子郵件則像是拓荒前的美國西部?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)和社交媒體讓聯(lián)系陌生人變得毫不費力：即使是最具影響力的人也僅需輕點鼠標就能聯(lián)系得到。我從這些人那兒了解到他們常常會被陌生人粗魯?shù)碾娮余]件震驚到。如何才能避免讓我們希望聯(lián)系的人感到疏遠呢？下面9條規(guī)則教你寫出禮貌地電子郵件。

Don’t ask strangers to…
不要讓陌生人……

1. Acknowledge that they received your email
1.回應他們收到了你的郵件

Electronic return receipts are a thing of the past, and I know many people who interpret them as a sign that you (a) are paranoid, (b) have an inflated sense of your own worth, or (c) have just emerged from a 20-year coma and are unaware of delivery status notifications. If your message goes unanswered, you can always resend it a couple weeks later.
電子回執(zhí)已經(jīng)是過去式了，我知道很多人把要求回執(zhí)理解成（1）你很多疑，（2）你高看了自己的價值，（3）你昏迷了20多年剛剛醒來，沒有意識到有發(fā)送狀態(tài)通知這么回事。如果你的郵件沒有得到回復，你完全可以幾周后再發(fā)一次。

2. Share your content on social media
2. 將郵件內容在社交媒體上分享

What if they don’t like your material? An explicit request to circulate puts people in an awkward position: they can say no and look rude, or drop the ball and look disorganized. It’s more polite to just send them your content along with a sentence about why it’s up their alley, and end it there. If they like it enough, they’ll share it—and they’ll do it more enthusiastically, because it’s based on intrinsic motivation rather than obligation.
如果他們不喜歡你的材料呢？直接要求分享會讓人處于尷尬的境地：他們可以拒絕，這樣就會顯得粗魯，也可以置之不理，這樣就顯得毫無組織性。將你的材料發(fā)給他們再附上一句話解釋為什么材料符合他們的口味就夠了，這樣更禮貌。如果他們喜歡，他們會主動分享，并且會充滿熱情，因為分享是基于內發(fā)動機而不是一種義務。

3. Provide feedback on something you’ve created
3. 對你的創(chuàng)作給予反饋

If you’re seeking input on a product, service, technology, document, or idea, it’s an awful lot to ask a stranger to engage with your work and comment on it. Whereas feedback requires a lot of effort, advice can be much less time-consuming. Try asking for guidance on a specific question or dilemma that you’re facing, and you’ll be more likely to get a response.
如果你需要給某產(chǎn)品、服務、技術、文件或者想法添磚加瓦，要求陌生人了解你的作品并給出評價簡直糟透了。反饋需要花費大量精力而建議就簡單得多。試著向他們提一些具體的問題，或對你面臨的困境給出指導，這樣你更容易獲得答復。

4. Jump on a call today or tomorrow
4. 今天或明天電話聯(lián)系

If you’re asking the favor, the onus is on you to be flexible. Ask if they might be willing to talk sometime in the next month or two, and let them suggest some times.
如果你請別人幫忙，你有責任處理地靈活一點。問他們是否愿意約時間談談，時間在下一兩個月，并讓他們定具體時間。

5. Name some times for a meeting
5. 定見面時間。

It’s a red flag when people feel entitled to a face-to-face conversation. A friendlier option is to ask strangers if they’re willing to meet, or if there’s a more convenient way for them to communicate with you.
人們常常覺得要求面談是自然而然的，這往往令人生氣。更友好的選擇是問他們是否愿意見面，或者有沒有其他方式方便你們交流。

6. Introduce you to specific people in their networks
6. 把自己介紹給他們認識的人

It’s not fair to ask people to put their relationships on the line for someone they don’t know. Instead, ask if they know anyone who might be a good source of insight on a particular topic, and they may suggest a person who they feel comfortable connecting.
讓別人向熟人引薦陌生人是不公平的。問他們是否知道什么人在某方面比較有見解來代替，這樣他們可能會推薦自己方便聯(lián)系的人。

After strangers respond to your initial message, don’t…
當陌生人回復你的郵件后，不要……

7. Email them every day—or even every week
7. 每天或每周發(fā)郵件

People sometimes interpret a polite reply from a stranger as an offering of friendship. If you’re tempted to reach out too regularly, try saving your points in a draft email, and then prune at the end of the month. Intermittent reinforcement can be a powerful thing.
人們有時候會把陌生人禮貌性的回復理解成有意愿交朋友。如果你有經(jīng)常聯(lián)系的沖動，寫下來以后保存草稿，在月末的時候精簡一下。間歇的發(fā)郵件可能會造成壓力。

8. Immediately introduce them to someone else
8. 馬上把他們介紹給別人

This can come across as using your newfound access to gain status or influence with the third party. The safe bet here is to simply ask for permission first: “I thought you two might enjoy a chat for the following reason. Are you interested in connecting?"
這可以理解成利用你聯(lián)系第三方的機會贏取地位或影響力。事先獲得允許比較安全：“我覺得你可能享受和某人聊天，理由如下。你愿意聯(lián)系一下嗎？”

9. Invite them to collaborate
9. 邀請他們合作

You just proposed marriage on the second date. Try having a dialogue first, and explore whether working together might prove mutually beneficial.
這就相當于第二次約會你就求婚了。先談談，然后確定合作是否能為雙方帶來利益。