中華人民共和國婚姻法(1)
中華人民共和國婚姻法
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Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China
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（１９８０年９月１０日第五屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議通過根據(jù)２００１年４月２８日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第二十一次會議《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國婚姻法〉的決定》修正）
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（Adopted at the Third Session of the Fifth National People's Congress on September 10,1980, and amended in accordance with Decision Regarding the Amendment (of Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China) passed at 21st Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on April 28,2001）
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第一章總則
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Chapter I??? General Provisions
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第一條本法是婚姻家庭關(guān)系的基本準(zhǔn)則。
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Article 1 This Law is the Fundamental code governing marriage and family relations.
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第二條實行婚姻自由、一夫一妻、男女平等的婚姻制度。
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Article 2 A marriage system based on the free choice of partners, on monogamy and on equality between man and woman shall be applied.
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保護婦女、兒童和老人的合法權(quán)益。
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The lawful rights and interests of women, children and old people shall be protected.
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實行計劃生育。
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Family planning shall be practised.
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第三條禁止包辦、買賣婚姻和其他干涉婚姻自由的行為。禁止借婚姻索取財物。
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Article 3 Marriage upon arbitrary decision by any third party, mercenary marriage and any other acts of interference in the freedom of marriage shall be prohibited. The exaction of money or gifts in connection with marriage shall be prohibited.
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禁止重婚。禁止有配偶者與他人同居。禁止家庭暴力。禁止家庭成員間的虐待和遺棄。
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Bigamy shall be prohibited. Cohabitation of a married person with any third party shall be prohibited. Domestic violence shall be prohibited. Within the family maltreatment and desertion of one family member by another shall be prohibited.
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第四條夫妻應(yīng)當(dāng)互相忠實，互相尊重；家庭成員間應(yīng)當(dāng)敬老愛幼，互相幫助，維護平等、和睦、文明的婚姻家庭關(guān)系。
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Article 4 Husband and wife shall be faithful to and respect each other. Within the family family members shall respect the old and cherish the young, help one another, and maintain equal, harmonious and civilized marriage and family relations.
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第二章結(jié)婚
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Chapter II??? Marriage Contract
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第五條結(jié)婚必須男女雙方完全自愿，不許任何一方對他方加以強迫或任何第三者加以干涉。
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Article 5 Marriage must by based upon the complete willingness of both man and woman. Neither party may use compulsion on the other party and no third party may interfere.
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第六條結(jié)婚年齡，男不得早于二十二周歲，女不得早于二十周歲。晚婚晚育應(yīng)予鼓勵。
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Article 6 No marriage may be contracted before the man has reached 22 years of age and the woman 20 years of age. Late marriage and late childbirth shall be encouraged.
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第七條有下列情形之一的，禁止結(jié)婚：
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Article 7 No marriage may be contracted under any of the following circumstances:
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（一）直系血親和三代以內(nèi)的旁系血親；
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(1)if the man and the woman are lineal relatives by blood, or collateral relatives by blood up to the third degree of kinship; and
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（二）患有醫(yī)學(xué)上認(rèn)為不應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)婚的疾病。
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(2)if the man or the woman is suffering from any disease, which is regarded by medical science as rendering a person unfit for marriage.
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第八條要求結(jié)婚的男女雙方必須親自到婚姻登記機關(guān)進行結(jié)婚登記。符合本法規(guī)定的，予以登記，發(fā)給結(jié)婚證。取得結(jié)婚證，即確立夫妻關(guān)系。未辦理結(jié)婚登記的，應(yīng)當(dāng)補辦登記。
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Article 8 Both the man and the woman desiring to contract a marriage shall register in person with the marriage registration office. If the proposed marriage is found to conform with the provisions of this Law, the couple shall be allowed to register and issued marriage certificates. The husband and wife relationship shall be established as soon as they acquire the marriage certificates. In the absence of the marriage registration, the man and the woman shall go through the procedures subsequently.
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第九條登記結(jié)婚后，根據(jù)男女雙方約定，女方可以成為男方家庭的成員，男方可以成為女方家庭的成員。
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Article 9 After a marriage has been registered, the woman may become a member of the man"s family or vice versa, depending on the agreed wishes of the two parties.
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第十條有下列情形之一的，婚姻無效：
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Article 10 Marriage shall be invalid under any of the following circumstances:
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（一）重婚的；
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(1)if one party commits bigamy;
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（二）有禁止結(jié)婚的親屬關(guān)系的；
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(2)if the man and the woman are relatives by blood up to the third degree of kinship;
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（三）婚前患有醫(yī)學(xué)上認(rèn)為不應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)婚的疾病，婚后尚未治愈的；
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(3)if, before marriage, one party is suffering from a disease which is regarded by medical science as rendering a person unfit for marriage and, after marriage, a cure is not effected; and
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（四）未到法定婚齡的。
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(4)if the legally marriageable age is not attained.
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第十一條因脅迫結(jié)婚的，受脅迫的一方可以向婚姻登記機關(guān)或人民法院請求撤銷該婚姻。受脅迫的一方撤銷婚姻的請求，應(yīng)當(dāng)自結(jié)婚登記之日起一年內(nèi)提出。被非法限制人身自由的當(dāng)事人請求撤銷婚姻的，應(yīng)當(dāng)自恢復(fù)人身自由之日起一年內(nèi)提出。
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Article 11 In the case of a marriage made under coercion, the coerced party may make a request to the marriage registration office or the people's court for the dissolution of the marriage contract. Such a request shall be made within one year as of the marriage registration date. The party concerned whose personal freedom is curbed illegitimately shall make a request for dissolution of the marriage contract within one year as of the date on which his or her personal freedom is restored.
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第十二條無效或被撤銷的婚姻，自始無效。當(dāng)事人不具有夫妻的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。同居期間所得的財產(chǎn)，由當(dāng)事人協(xié)議處理；協(xié)議不成時，由人民法院根據(jù)照顧無過錯方的原則判決。對重婚導(dǎo)致的婚姻無效的財產(chǎn)處理，不得侵害合法婚姻當(dāng)事人的財產(chǎn)權(quán)益。當(dāng)事人所生的子女，適用本法有關(guān)父母子女的規(guī)定。
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Article 12 Void or dissolved marriage shall be invalid from its inception. Neither party concerned shall have the rights and duties of husband or wife. The property acquired during their cohabitation shall be subject to disposition by mutual agreement. If they fail to reach an agreement, the people's court shall give a ruling on the principle of caring for the no-fault party. The disposition of the property of void marriage caused by bigamy may not be to the detriment of the property rights and interests of the party concerned to the lawful marriage. The provisions of this Law regarding parents and children shall apply to the children born from the parties concerned.
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第三章家庭關(guān)系
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Chapter III??? Family Relations
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第十三條夫妻在家庭中地位平等。
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Article 13 Husband and wife shall have equal status in the family.
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第十四條夫妻雙方都有各用自己姓名的權(quán)利。
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Article 14 Both husband and wife shall have the right to use his or her own surname and given name.
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第十五條夫妻雙方都有參加生產(chǎn)、工作、學(xué)習(xí)和社會活動的自由，一方不得對他方加以限制或干涉。
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Article 15 Both husband and wife shall have the freedom to engage in production and other work, to study and to participate in social activities; neither party may restrict or interfere with the other party.
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第十六條夫妻雙方都有實行計劃生育的義務(wù)。
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Article 16 Both husband and wife shall have the duty to practise family planning.
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第十七條夫妻在婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間所得的下列財產(chǎn)，歸夫妻共同所有：
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Article 17 The following items of property acquired by husband and wife during the period in which they are under contract of marriage shall be jointly possessed:
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（一）工資、獎金；
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(1)pay and bonus;
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（二）生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營的收益；
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(2)earnings from production and operation;
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（三）知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的收益；
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(3)earnings from intellectual property rights;
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（四）繼承或贈與所得的財產(chǎn)，但本法第十八條第三項規(guī)定的除外；
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(4)property obtained from inheritance of gift except as provided for in Article 18(3) of this Law; and
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（五）其他應(yīng)當(dāng)歸共同所有的財產(chǎn)。
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(5)Any other items of property which shall be in his or her separate possession.
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第十九條夫妻可以約定婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間所得的財產(chǎn)以及婚前財產(chǎn)歸各自所有、共同所有或部分各自所有、部分共同所有。約定應(yīng)當(dāng)采用書面形式。沒有約定或約定不明確的，適用本法第十七條、第十八條的規(guī)定。
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Article 19 So far as the property acquired during the period in which they are under contract of marriage and the prenuptial property are concerned, husband and wife may agree as to whether they should be in the separate possession, joint possession or partly separate possession and partly joint possession. The agreement shall be made in writing. The provisions of Articles 17 and 18 of this Law shall apply to the absence of such an agreement or to a vague one.
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夫妻對婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間所得的財產(chǎn)以及婚前財產(chǎn)的約定，對雙方具有約束力。
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The agreement reached between the husband and wife on the property acquired during the period in which they are under contract of marriage and on the prenuptial property is binding on both parties.
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夫妻對婚姻關(guān)系存續(xù)期間所得的財產(chǎn)約定歸各自所有的，夫或妻一方對外所負的債務(wù)，第三人知道該約定的，以夫或妻一方所有的財產(chǎn)清償。
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If husband and wife agree, as is known to the third party, to separately possess their property acquired during their marriage life, the debt owed by the husband or the wife to any other person, shall be paid off out of the property separately possessed by him or her.
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第二十條夫妻有互相扶養(yǎng)的義務(wù)。
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Article 20 Husband and wife shall have the duty to maintain each other.
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一方不履行扶養(yǎng)義務(wù)時，需要扶養(yǎng)的一方，有要求對方付給扶養(yǎng)費的權(quán)利。
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If one party fails to perform this duty, the party in need of maintenance shall have the right to demand maintenance payments from the other party.
