第一百二十一條 人民法院審理民事案件，根據(jù)需要進行巡回審理，就地辦案。

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"Article 121 For civil cases, the people's court shall, whenever necessary, go on circuit to hold trials on the spot."

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第一百二十二條 人民法院審理民事案件，應(yīng)當(dāng)在開庭三日前通知當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人。公開審理的，應(yīng)當(dāng)公告當(dāng)事人姓名、案由和開庭的時間、地點。

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"Article 122 For civil cases, the people's court shall notify the parties and other participants in the proceedings three days before the opening of a court session. If a case is to be tried in public, the names of the parties, the cause of action and the time and location of the court session shall be announced publicly."

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第一百二十三條 開庭審理前，書記員應(yīng)當(dāng)查明當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人是否到庭，宣布法庭紀(jì)律。

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"Article 123 Before a court session is called to order, the court clerk shall ascertain whether or not the parties and other participants in the proceedings are present and announce the rules of order of the court."

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開庭審理時，由審判長核對當(dāng)事人，宣布案由，宣布審判人員、書記員名單，告知當(dāng)事人有關(guān)的訴訟權(quán)利義務(wù)，詢問當(dāng)事人是否提出回避申請。

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"At the beginning of a court session, the presiding judge shall check the parties present, announce the cause of action and the names of the judicial officers and court clerks, inform the parties of their relevant litigation rights and obligations and ask the parties whether or not they wish to apply for the withdrawal of any court personnel."

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第一百二十四條 法庭調(diào)查按照下列順序進行：

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Article 124 Court investigation shall be conducted in the following order:

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（一）當(dāng)事人陳述；

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(1) statements by the parties;

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（二）告知證人的權(quán)利義務(wù)，證人作證，宣讀未到庭的證人證言；

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"(2) informing the witnesses of their rights and obligations, giving testimony by the witnesses and reading of the written statements of absentee witnesses; "

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（三）出示書證、物證和視聽資料；

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"(3) presentation of documentary evidence, material evidence and audio-visual material; "

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（四）宣讀鑒定結(jié)論；

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(4) reading of expert conclusions;

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（五）宣讀勘驗筆錄。

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and (5) reading of records of inspection.

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第一百二十五條 當(dāng)事人在法庭上可以提出新的證據(jù)。

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Article 125 The parties may present new evidence during a court session.

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當(dāng)事人經(jīng)法庭許可，可以向證人、鑒定人、勘驗人發(fā)問。

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"With the permission of the court, the parties may put questions to witnesses, expert witnesses and inspectors."

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當(dāng)事人要求重新進行調(diào)查、鑒定或者勘驗的，是否準(zhǔn)許，由人民法院決定。

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"Any request by the parties concerned for a new investigation, expert evaluation or inspection shall be subject to the approval of the people's court."

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第一百二十六條 原告增加訴訟請求，被告提出反訴，第三人提出與本案有關(guān)的訴訟請求，可以合并審理。

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"Article 126 Additional claims by the plaintiff, counterclaims by the defendant and third-party claims related to the case may be tried in combination."

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第一百二十七條 法庭辯論按照下列順序進行：

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Article 127 Court debate shall be conducted in the following order:

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（一）原告及其訴訟代理人發(fā)言；

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(1) oral statements by the plaintiff and his agents ad litem;

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（二）被告及其訴訟代理人答辯；

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(2) defence by the defendant and his agents ad litem;

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（三）第三人及其訴訟代理人發(fā)言或者答辯；

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(3) oral statement or defence by the third party and his agents ad litem;

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（四）互相辯論。

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(4) debate between the two sides.

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法庭辯論終結(jié)，由審判長按照原告、被告、第三人的先后順序征詢各方最后意見。

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"At the end of the court debate, the presiding judge shall ask each side, first the plaintiff, then the defendant, and then the third party, for their final opinion respectively."

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第一百二十八條 法庭辯論終結(jié)，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法作出判決。

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"Article 128 At the end of the court debate, a judgment shall be made according to the law. "

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判決前能夠調(diào)解的，還可以進行調(diào)解，調(diào)解不成的，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時判決。

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"Where conciliation is possible prior to the rendering of a judgment, conciliation efforts may be made; if conciliation proves to be unsuccessful, a judgment shall be made without delay."

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第一百二十九條 原告經(jīng)傳票傳喚，無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭的，或者未經(jīng)法庭許可中途退庭的，可以按撤訴處理；被告反訴的，可以缺席判決。

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"Article 129 If a plaintiff, having been served with a summons, refuses to appear in court without justified reasons, or if he withdraws during a court session without the permission of the court, the case may be considered as withdrawn by him; if the defendant files a counterclaim in the mean time, the court may make a judgment by default."

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第一百三十條 被告經(jīng)傳票傳喚，無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭的，或者未經(jīng)法庭許可中途退庭的，可以缺席判決。

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"Article 130 If a defendant, having been served with a summons, refuses to appear in court without justified reasons, or if he withdraws during a court session without the permission of the court, the court may make a judgment by default."

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第一百三十一條 宣判前，原告申請撤訴的，是否準(zhǔn)許，由人民法院裁定。

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"Article 131 If a plaintiff applies for withdrawal of the case before the judgment is pronounced, the people's court shall decide whether to approve or disapprove it. "

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人民法院裁定不準(zhǔn)許撤訴的，原告經(jīng)傳票傳喚，無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭的，可以缺席判決。

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"If withdrawal of the case is not allowed by an order of the people's court, and the plaintiff, having been served with a summons, refuses to appear in court without justified reasons, the people's court may make a judgment by default."

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第一百三十二條 有下列情形之一的，可以延期開庭審理：

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"Article 132 Under any of the following circumstances, the trial may be adjourned: "

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（一）必須到庭的當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人有正當(dāng)理由沒有到庭的；

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(1) the parties concerned and other participants in the proceedings required to appear in court fail to do so for justified reasons;

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（二）當(dāng)事人臨時提出回避申請的；

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(2) any party concerned makes an extempore application for the withdrawal of a judicial officer;

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（三）需要通知新的證人到庭，調(diào)取新的證據(jù)，重新鑒定、勘驗，或者需要補充調(diào)查的；

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"or (3) it is necessary to summon new witnesses to court, collect new evidence, make a new expert evaluation, new inspection, or to make a supplementary investigation; "

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（四）其他應(yīng)當(dāng)延期的情形。

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or (4) other circumstances that warrant the adjournment.

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第一百三十三條 書記員應(yīng)當(dāng)將法庭審理的全部活動記入筆錄，由審判人員和書記員簽名。

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"Article 133 The court clerk shall make a written record of the entire court proceedings, which shall be signed by him and the judicial officers."

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法庭筆錄應(yīng)當(dāng)當(dāng)庭宣讀，也可以告知當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人當(dāng)庭或者在五日內(nèi)閱讀。

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"The court record shall be read out in court, or else the parties and other participants in the proceedings may be notified to read the record while in court or within five days. "

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當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人認(rèn)為對自己的陳述記錄有遺漏或者差錯的，有權(quán)申請補正。

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"If they consider that there are omissions or errors in the record of their own statements, the parties or other participants in the proceedings shall have the right to apply for rectifications."

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如果不予補正，應(yīng)當(dāng)將申請記錄在案。

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" If such rectifications are not made, the application shall be placed on record in the case file."

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法庭筆錄由當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟參與人簽名或者蓋章。拒絕簽名蓋章的，記明情況附卷。

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The court record shall be signed or sealed by the parties and other participants in the proceedings. Refusal to do so shall be put on record in the case file.

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第一百三十四條 人民法院對公開審理或者不公開審理的案件，一律公開宣告判決。

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"Article 134 The people's court shall publicly pronounce its judgment in all cases, whether publicly tried or not."

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當(dāng)庭宣判的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在十日內(nèi)發(fā)送判決書；定期宣判的，宣判后立即發(fā)給判決書。

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"If a judgment is pronounced in court, the written judgment shall be issued and delivered within ten days; if a judgment is pronounced later on a fixed date, the written judgment shall be issued and given immediately after the pronouncement."

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宣告判決時，必須告知當(dāng)事人上訴權(quán)利、上訴期限和上訴的法院。

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"Upon pronouncement of a judgment, the parties concerned must be informed of their right to file an appeal, the time limit for appeal and the court to which they may appeal."

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宣告離婚判決，必須告知當(dāng)事人在判決發(fā)生法律效力前不得另行結(jié)婚。

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"Upon pronouncement of a divorce judgment, the parties concerned must be informed not to remarry before the judgment takes legal effect."

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第一百三十五條 人民法院適用普通程序?qū)徖淼陌讣?，?yīng)當(dāng)在立案之日起六個月內(nèi)審結(jié)。

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"Article 135 A people's court trying a case in which the ordinary procedure is followed, shall conclude the case within six months after docketing the case. "

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有特殊情況需要延長的，由本院院長批準(zhǔn)，可以延長六個月；還需要延長的，報請上級人民法院批準(zhǔn)。

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"Where an extension of the period is necessary under special circumstances, a six-month extension may be allowed subject to the approval of the president of the court. Further extension, if needed, shall be reported to the people's court at a higher level for approval."

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第四節(jié) 訴訟中止和終結(jié)

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Section 4 Suspension and Termination of Legal Proceedings

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第一百三十六條 有下列情形之一的，中止訴訟：

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Article 136 Legal proceedings shall be suspended in any of the following circumstances:

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（一）一方當(dāng)事人死亡，需要等待繼承人表明是否參加訴訟的；

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(1) one of the parties dies and it is necessary to wait for the heir or heiress to make clear whether to participate or not in the proceedings;

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（二）一方當(dāng)事人喪失訴訟行為能力，尚未確定法定代理人的；

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?(2) one of the parties has lost the capacity to engage in litigation and his agent ad item has not been designated yet;

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（三）作為一方當(dāng)事人的法人或者其他組織終止，尚未確定權(quán)利義務(wù)承受人的；

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"(3) the legal person or any other organization as one of the parties has dissolved, and the successor to its rights and obligations has not been determined yet;"

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（四）一方當(dāng)事人因不可抗拒的事由，不能參加訴訟的；

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?(4) one of the parties is unable to participate in the proceedings for reasons of force majeure;

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（五）本案必須以另一案的審理結(jié)果為依據(jù)，而另一案尚未審結(jié)的；

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(5) the adjudication of the case pending is dependent on the results of the trial of another case that has not yet been concluded;

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（六）其他應(yīng)當(dāng)中止訴訟的情形。

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or (6) other circumstances that warrant the suspension of the litigation.

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中止訴訟的原因消除后，恢復(fù)訴訟。

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The proceedings shall resume after the causes of the suspension have been eliminated.

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第一百三十七條 有下列情形之一的，終結(jié)訴訟：

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Article 137 Legal proceedings shall be terminated in any of the following circumstances:

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（一）原告死亡，沒有繼承人，或者繼承人放棄訴訟權(quán)利的；

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"(1) the plaintiff dies without a successor, or the successor waives the right to litigate;"

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（二）被告死亡，沒有遺產(chǎn)，也沒有應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)義務(wù)的人的；

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" (2) the decedent leaves no estate, nor anyone to succeed to his obligations; "

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（三）離婚案件一方當(dāng)事人死亡的；

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(3) one of the parties in a divorce case dies;

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（四）追索贍養(yǎng)費、扶養(yǎng)費、撫育費以及解除收養(yǎng)關(guān)系案件的一方當(dāng)事人死亡的。

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" or (4) one of the parties dies who is a claimant to alimony, support for elders or children or to the termination of adoptive relationship."

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第五節(jié) 判決和裁定

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Section 5 Judgment and Order

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第一百三十八條 判決書應(yīng)當(dāng)寫明：

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Article 138 A judgment shall clearly set forth the following:

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（一）案由、訴訟請求、爭議的事實和理由；

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"(1) cause of action, the claims, facts and cause or causes of the dispute; "

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（二）判決認(rèn)定的事實、理由和適用的法律依據(jù)；

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(2) the facts and causes as found in the judgment and the basis of application of the law;

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（三）判決結(jié)果和訴訟費用的負擔(dān)；

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(3) the outcome of adjudication and the costs to be borne;

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（四）上訴期間和上訴的法院。

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and (4) the time limit for filing an appeal and the appellate court with which the appeal may be filed.

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判決書由審判人員、書記員署名，加蓋人民法院印章。

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"The judgment shall be signed by the judicial officers and the court clerk, with the seal of the people's court affixed to it."

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第一百三十九條 人民法院審理案件，其中一部分事實已經(jīng)清楚，可以就該部分先行判決。

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"Article 139 If some of the facts in a case being tried by the people's court are already evident, the court may pass judgment on that part of the case first."

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第一百四十條 裁定適用于下列范圍：

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Article 140 An order in writing is to be made in any of the following conditions:

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（一）不予受理；

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(1) refusal to entertain a case;

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（二）對管轄權(quán)有異議的；

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?(2) objection to the jurisdiction of a court;

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（三）駁回起訴；

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?(3) rejection of a complaint;

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（四）財產(chǎn)保全和先予執(zhí)行；

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?(4) property preservation and advance execution;

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（五）準(zhǔn)許或者不準(zhǔn)許撤訴；

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?(5) approval or disapproval of withdrawal of a suit;

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（六）中止或者終結(jié)訴訟；

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?(6) suspension or termination of legal proceedings;

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（七）補正判決書中的筆誤；

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(7) correction of errata in the judgment;

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（八）中止或者終結(jié)執(zhí)行；

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(8) suspension or termination of execution;

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（九）不予執(zhí)行仲裁裁決；

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(9) refusal to enforce an arbitration award;

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（十）不予執(zhí)行公證機關(guān)賦予強制執(zhí)行效力的債權(quán)文書；

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(10) refusal to enforce a document of a notary office evidencing the rights of a creditor and entitling him to its compulsory execution;

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（十一）其他需要裁定解決的事項。

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?(11) other matters to be decided in the form of an order in writing.

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對前款第（一）、（二）、（三）項裁定，可以上訴。

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"An appeal may be lodged against an order in writing in Items (1), (2) and (3) mentioned above."

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裁定書由審判人員、書記員署名，加蓋人民法院印章?？陬^裁定的，記入筆錄。

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"An order in writing shall be signed by the judicial officers and the court clerk, with the seal of the people's court affixed to it. If it is issued orally, the order shall be entered in the record."