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背景介紹：

2014年3月16日，廣州棄嬰安全島因“不堪重負(fù)”宣布暫停運(yùn)行。自啟動(dòng)至?xí)和．?dāng)日的近50天時(shí)間內(nèi)，廣州安全島共接收棄嬰262名。2011年6月，河北省石家莊市社會(huì)福利院在全國(guó)設(shè)立首個(gè)安全島。目前，內(nèi)地共建立了25個(gè)棄嬰安全島。據(jù)調(diào)查，安全島接收的棄嬰絕大部分患有不同種類的殘疾或疾病，廣州安全島試點(diǎn)期間接收的棄嬰均患有某種疾病，排前三位的是腦性癱瘓、唐氏綜合癥與先天性心臟病。那么，棄嬰安全島，要還是不要？

正方：棄嬰安全島是個(gè)好東西，是國(guó)家對(duì)兒童的關(guān)愛與保護(hù)。偷嘗禁果的未婚男女生了孩子沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)能力撫養(yǎng)；夫婦生了殘障或重度疾病的孩子，自己撫養(yǎng)負(fù)擔(dān)不起昂貴的醫(yī)護(hù)費(fèi)用。無論嬰兒的父母首先如何不堪，但孩子總是無辜的，國(guó)家與社會(huì)有責(zé)任有義務(wù)伸出援助之手、獻(xiàn)出愛心。中國(guó)的棄嬰安全島是各地社會(huì)福利院興辦的，是惠澤兒童的福利，希望越辦越多、越辦越好。

正方：就是國(guó)家重新恢復(fù)強(qiáng)制婚檢，有缺陷新生兒出生率也不可能降到零吧？與社會(huì)福利機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)接的棄嬰安全島之類的兒童福利仍是需要的吧？首先，這是一種人道主義，是高度文明的體現(xiàn)。更進(jìn)一步，我們應(yīng)該把安全島看成兒童的一項(xiàng)當(dāng)然權(quán)利，既然是權(quán)利，國(guó)家與社會(huì)有義務(wù)保障之。中國(guó)的各級(jí)政府每到年底就突擊花錢，這些錢節(jié)省出一小部分，就足夠安全島項(xiàng)目了。

正方：棄嬰安全島也是國(guó)際慣例，可以有效地維護(hù)棄嬰的生命權(quán)益。如果沒有安全島，被拋棄的嬰兒就可能凍死餓死甚至被野生動(dòng)物咬傷咬死；或者會(huì)誘發(fā)生父生母溺殺嬰兒的行為。畢竟棄嬰在總量與比例上不會(huì)很多，社會(huì)一般能承受得起。即使你不承認(rèn)拋棄嬰兒的父母是弱勢(shì)群體，那棄嬰總是弱勢(shì)群體吧。社會(huì)總不能忍心棄嬰的生命安全受到威脅吧，人心都是肉長(zhǎng)的。

反方：廣州棄嬰安全島在試點(diǎn)期間接收的棄嬰均患有不同程度的疾病。這分明是取消了強(qiáng)制婚檢之后的惡果之體現(xiàn)。自取消強(qiáng)制婚檢之后，中國(guó)有缺陷新生兒出生率連年上升。像唐氏綜合癥，孕婦在懷孕階段就應(yīng)該篩查的。小清新們認(rèn)為強(qiáng)制婚檢“侵犯人權(quán)與隱私”，政府在呼吁下取消了；結(jié)果有缺陷新生兒多了，小清新們于是又呼吁棄嬰安全島，真是永遠(yuǎn)正確的典型。

反方：人道主義啊，文明啊，權(quán)利啊，都是高端大氣上檔次的大詞兒。不過，最根本的問題是：誰來付費(fèi)？誰來埋單？自負(fù)其責(zé)難道就這么難嗎？你生了有殘疾的孩子，納稅人會(huì)出錢替你養(yǎng)，那你就不負(fù)責(zé)任地生啰，反正有別人來兜底。納稅人并沒有過錯(cuò)，憑什么要他們來承受本來屬于你的責(zé)任？生孩子前就應(yīng)該綜合考慮收益與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)憑什么要?jiǎng)e人來?yè)?dān)？

反方：為什么你總能很輕松地免除了棄嬰生父母的責(zé)任呢？沒有意愿與能力承擔(dān)生養(yǎng)孩子的各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，有什么資格生孩子？許多人大嘆醫(yī)療費(fèi)用昂貴，說什么生了一場(chǎng)大病后一個(gè)家庭就因病返貧了，由此呼吁大病醫(yī)保。問題是，你自己都不愿意傾家蕩產(chǎn)來治病，你又要錢又要命，納稅人憑什么當(dāng)冤大頭給你出錢治病??？別人的錢就是大風(fēng)刮來的？還真有臉喊這么高。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)者說】要一個(gè)社會(huì)所有人自負(fù)其責(zé)很難啊。要是所有人能自負(fù)其責(zé)，那就好了，就沒有必要搞強(qiáng)制婚檢與棄嬰安全島。因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)自負(fù)其責(zé)的理性人，都在結(jié)婚生子之前全面權(quán)衡了所有的利益、成本與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并對(duì)可能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有預(yù)防與管控，當(dāng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)后，也能各人的十字架各人背。既然有很多人不能自負(fù)其責(zé)，那強(qiáng)制婚檢要恢復(fù)，安全島也可適度搞。

話題：

Your opinion after reading the material above.

范例1：

It seems to be an increasingly widespread concern that a number of babies are abandoned into welfare homes and "safe haven" stations. In order to solve the problem, in other words, to let babies have more opportunities to survive, “safe haven” stations’ intervention can make a difference. More importantly, the “safe haven” station should not only function as an organization, but take a larger social responsibility. The station can provide a warm and cozy shelter for those babies who are abandoned. Besides, those parents who should shoulder all costs of their children. After all, if the society undertook responsible for all babies, taxpayers would be asked to pay more money for these abandoned babies.

范例2：

With the one in Guangzhou temporarily closed just roughly 50 days after its opening, a result of overload as the authorities explain, baby hatch, which may be unfamiliar to most citizens, is being riveted to the whole society, and inevitably heats up a debate.

Supporters optimistically see the baby safety island as a reflection of advanced cultivation. Those abandoned babies are innocent and the baby hatches are surely symbols of love from the whole society, for, at lease, the costs are paid by taxpayers. On the other hand,opponents mainly blame the parents of those abandoned babies, not only for their ignorance of premarital checkup, but also for their rashness of marriage, not considering their eligibility of raising an infant. They strongly hold that it is unreasonable for taxpayers to take the responsibilities of these outliers.

As the editor concludes, it is difficult for everybody of the society to take the corresponding duty—the parents of the abandoned babies taking the responsibility of being parents, the taxpayers taking the responsibility of being social entity, therefore, we should all concede to setup a system that supervises all of us. In this case, premarital checkup should be taken back, and also, the baby hatch is a necessity.

范例3：

No consensus has been made towards the necessity of safe havens for abandoned babies. Many people concern that setting up areas for parents to surrender children is likely to encourage immoral conduct and even lead to an increase in children abandonment. But as far as I am concerned, it at least provides a safe alternative to child abandonment in dangerous public areas, since several cases have happened recently in which infants died after being abandoned in unsafe public places. We have the responsibility to protect abandoned children’s rights and the establishment of safe havens for them is vital to protect innocent children. Therefore, although facing surging pressures for accepting new abandon babies, closing safe havens before a better relief way is found to be nothing but refusing to rescue lives.

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