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本文是一篇介紹現(xiàn)代社會(huì)信息獲取的科普性文章。

World War II


In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today. In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War II. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.
在這樣一個(gè)變化中的復(fù)雜社會(huì)里，過去對(duì)信息需求的簡(jiǎn)單解決辦法也變得復(fù)雜起來。過去生活中的許多問題是通過咨詢家庭成員、朋友或同事得以解決的，現(xiàn)在卻非大家庭所能及了。該去哪里征求專家意見以及如何決定該接受哪條專家建議成了現(xiàn)今許多人面臨的問題。 此外，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，人口流動(dòng)性不斷增大。隨著家庭遠(yuǎn)離穩(wěn)定的社區(qū)、多年的朋友、大家庭的種種關(guān)系，非正式的信息交流被切斷了；隨之而來的是在需要時(shí)就能夠得到可靠可信的信息的信心也隨之喪失。關(guān)于生活最基本方面的一些幾乎無(wú)意識(shí)的信息流通因此中斷。這樣，曾經(jīng)下意識(shí)地通過大家庭隨意交流便可學(xué)到的東西現(xiàn)在則必須有意識(shí)地去學(xué)習(xí)。