【新編大學(xué)英語】(第二冊)Unit 6 B 菜單(2/4)
來源:滬江聽寫酷
2013-05-26 08:15
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For the most part, however, menu decoration followed the art movements of the time. The highly decorated late 19th century menus, which were influenced by Victorian art, gave way to modern art in the 20th century. Developments with graphics and printing allowed distinctive menu cover art.
By the 1930s, the menu was seen as a part of the restaurant's plan to create a memorable meal. It could develop an appetite, tell a joke, explain a food item, create a mood, tell something of the history of the restaurant, and, above all, sell some food. Restaurant trade publications encouraged the use of the menu as part of the business strategy, and the National Restaurant Association promoted effective menu graphics in its annual competition of best menus in the nation. Its guidelines for judging included (One) originality. (Two) legibility, (Three) ease of handling, and (Four) sales effectiveness.
然而,多數(shù)情況下,菜單的裝飾風(fēng)格是隨著時代的藝術(shù)潮流而變化的。19世紀(jì)后期的菜單,受維多利亞時代藝術(shù)的影響,裝飾華麗,到了20世紀(jì)就被現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)所取代。平面造型藝術(shù)與印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展使得頗具特色的菜單封面藝術(shù)得以發(fā)展。
到了20世紀(jì)30年代,餐館為打造令人難忘的美餐,把菜單看作是實施這種計劃的一部分。菜單可以引起食欲,講個笑話,介紹某食品,創(chuàng)造一種氛圍,講述一點飯店的歷史,而且最重要的是,推銷菜肴。餐飲業(yè)的出版物則鼓勵把菜單作為經(jīng)營策略的一部分。全國餐飲協(xié)會每年舉辦全國最優(yōu)秀菜單競賽,屆時會有效地促進(jìn)菜單平面造型藝術(shù)的發(fā)展。指導(dǎo)這種評比的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括(1)有創(chuàng)意(2)清晰易讀(3)使用方便(4)銷售效果好。
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