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Cartwright

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In the first of two studies, Cartwright gave a mood test to normally healthy participants, recorded their sleep in a laboratory for one night, then gave them a second mood test when they rose in the morning. During the night, the volunteers were awakened now and then and asked to describe the content of their dreams. Subjects were divided into two groups: one having neutral feelings before bedtime and one with bad moods. Cartwright found that subjects who had been in neutral moods before sleeping had little change in attitude when they woke. Subjects who were generally not depressed but went to bed in a bad mood, however, reported feeling much better after a good night's sleep. This change was reflected in their dreams: people whose moods improved overnight reported experiencing more negative dreams at the beginning of the night and progressively fewer and fewer as sleep went on. Subjects in neutral moods had no change in the content of their dreams.
卡特賴特做了兩項研究，在第一項研究中，先給那些身體正常健康的實驗參與者做一次情緒測試，并記錄下他們在實驗室一晚的睡眠情況，然后在他們早晨起床時再做一次情緒測試。在夜間，這些志愿受試者不時地被叫醒，要他們描述自己的夢境。受試者們被分成兩組：一組在睡覺之前情緒平靜，另一組則情緒不佳。 卡特賴特發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些睡覺前情緒平靜的人在醒來后心態(tài)沒什么大的變化，而那些通常情況不消沉但睡前情緒不佳的人都說睡了一個好覺后感覺好多了。 這個變化反映在他們的夢境里：據(jù)那些一夜之間心情有所改善的實驗者反映，他們在睡眠初期噩夢較多，但隨著睡眠的深入，這樣的夢越來越少。而情緒平靜的受試者在夢內(nèi)容上沒什么變化。