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Before the end of the 20th century, a future reduction in the number of dairy farms is likely, as the less competitive farmers are forced to give up dairying. World population, however, is increasing at a rapid rate, and the need for food will obviously increase as well. It is likely, therefore, that milk and milk products will be greatly in demand to help feed a hungry world. Dairy scientists have learned how to increase greatly the productivity of cows. Dairy farmers should thus be in an excellent position to meet the challenges of the future. Important developments in milk processing and the development of new products mean that dairy foods will be more easily stored, transported, and made available to people the world over.