新東方:9.13高口閱讀第一篇專業(yè)評(píng)析
祁 慧 上海新東方學(xué)??谧g研究中心成員,中級(jí)口譯閱讀明星教師。華東師范大學(xué)英語語言文學(xué)碩士,專攻英語教學(xué)法,具有豐富的口譯及筆譯經(jīng)歷和多年英語教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。曾任全球第四大咨詢公司Boozallen特聘翻譯,Linkpoint公司特聘商務(wù)翻譯。其授課實(shí)戰(zhàn)性強(qiáng),旁征博引,讓口譯學(xué)員在課堂上充分品嘗西方的文化大餐。參與編著新東方《四六級(jí)詞匯記憶手冊(cè)》及《中級(jí)口譯全真模擬試題》等。
本次9.13高口閱讀第一篇是社會(huì)類的關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體的爭(zhēng)議,屬于社論文(editorial)。關(guān)鍵是把握作者的觀點(diǎn)。
采用top-down,先把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)和題型類別出發(fā)。Q1“real journalism”(考指代),Q2 “viral”,Q3 “It’s not expertise — it’s choice.”和Q5“Revenge of the Expert”(例子功能題)都是非常明顯的定位詞,而且集中在第一段和第二段,所以前一二兩段必然是要重點(diǎn)閱讀的對(duì)象。Q4:main argument是整篇文章的主旨題,應(yīng)當(dāng)放在最后處理。
第一段:從現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)入,網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體的出現(xiàn),顛覆了傳統(tǒng)記者的存在價(jià)值,作者闡述出無論傳統(tǒng)媒體還是網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體,只有質(zhì)量才能說明一切。
Years ago, when I first started building websites for newspapers, many journalists told me that they saw the Internet as the end of reliable journalism. Since anyone could publish whatever they wanted online, “real journalism” (定位詞)would be overwhelmed, they said. Who would need professional reporters and editors(“real journalism”的所指)if anyone could be a reporter or an editor?(現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)入) I would tell them not to worry.(作者觀點(diǎn):站在專業(yè)記者一邊,them指代professional reporters,再往前推即得出定位詞“real journalism”) While my personal belief is that anyone can be a reporter or editor, I also know that quality counts. And that the “viral” nature the Internet means that when people find quality, they let other people know about it. Even nontraditional media sites online will survive only if the quality of their information is trusted. The future of online news will demand more good reporters and editors, not fewer.
所以Q1:“real journalism”=C
第二段:So字開端,表明一二兩段屬于因果關(guān)系,因?yàn)榈谝欢侮U明的現(xiàn)象:網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體的出現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了專業(yè)記者的擔(dān)憂,引出了作者的關(guān)注和評(píng)注。從對(duì)“Revenge of the Expert”一篇文章的評(píng)述導(dǎo)入,屬于例子鋪襯,不用詳細(xì)看,直接找到作者觀點(diǎn):thus the need for more expertise. (作者觀點(diǎn)),所以Q5的例子功能題是選to prove that the future of digital information will be based more on expertise.
之后幾段是進(jìn)一步的闡述,不需要具體詳細(xì)閱讀,只需要抓住抽象部分閱讀就可以了。例如第三段第一句話就是一句抽象句,In many cases the sites that people come to trust are built on nontraditional models of expertise.還是相應(yīng)了前兩段,作者對(duì)專業(yè)新聞人的認(rèn)可。從第二句話開始就是例子,全部跳過。在第四段和第五段中出現(xiàn)了很多引號(hào),全部是具體的例證部分,不需要詳細(xì)看,一直到倒數(shù)第二段段首出現(xiàn)了抽象句:In many cases, traditional media is still the first choice of online users because….點(diǎn)出了作者在網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體和傳統(tǒng)媒體之間還是偏向于傳統(tǒng)媒體,之后的例子可以完全跳過。最后一段,一句成段,短小精悍,擲地有聲,道出了作者觀點(diǎn)“To me, it’s the best of all possible information worlds.”在這里it的指代是前一段的重心,traditional media。
從第一篇文章的分析得出,高口閱讀還是重點(diǎn)在社論文上,要求讀者能夠區(qū)分強(qiáng)信息和弱信息,辨別抽象部分和具體部分,在萬花叢中找出作者的觀點(diǎn)。
來源:上海新東方口譯研究中心
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