亞瑟王的傳奇故事：

亞瑟王（King Arthur），傳說(shuō)中古不列顛最富有傳奇色彩的偉大國(guó)王。人們對(duì)他的認(rèn)識(shí)更多的是來(lái)自凱爾特神話傳說(shuō)（Celtic mythology）和中世紀(jì)的一些文獻(xiàn)，沒(méi)有人大量涉足過(guò)亞瑟王的真實(shí)生活。傳說(shuō)他是英格蘭傳說(shuō)中的國(guó)王，也是凱爾特英雄譜中最受歡迎的圓桌騎士團(tuán) （Knights of the Round Table）的騎士首領(lǐng)，一位近乎神話般的傳奇人物。羅馬帝國(guó)瓦解之后，他率領(lǐng)圓桌騎士團(tuán)統(tǒng)一了不列顛群島，被后人尊稱為亞瑟王。

King Arthur is a legendary British leader of the late 5th and early 6th centuries, who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the early 6th century.

Although the themes, events and characters of the Arthurian legend varied widely from text to text, and there is no one canonical version. Geoffrey depicted Arthur as a king of Britain who defeated the Saxons and established an empire over Britain, Ireland, Iceland, Norway and Gaul.

Many elements and incidents that are now an integral part of the Arthurian story appear in Geoffrey's Historia, including Arthur's father Uther Pendragon, the wizard Merlin, Arthur's wife Guinevere, the sword Excalibur, Arthur's conception at Tintagel, his final battle against Mordred at Camlann and final rest in Avalon.

亞瑟王的圓桌騎士：

亞瑟王南征北戰(zhàn)統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)土，最后登上王位寶座，其麾下的圓桌騎士團(tuán)功不可沒(méi)。相傳，亞瑟王從王后格尼薇兒的父親那里得到了一張巨大的圓型桌子，供他麾下的騎士聚會(huì)使用?！皥A桌騎士”因而得名。這張圓桌的含意是“平等”與“團(tuán)結(jié)”。而當(dāng)時(shí)圓桌騎士中也存在類似于軍規(guī)的約定，英國(guó)學(xué)者托馬斯·馬洛禮（Sir Thomas Malory，1405-1471）經(jīng)過(guò)考證，將其歸結(jié)為以下6條：

1.To never do outrage nor murder.
永不暴怒和謀殺。

2.Always to flee treason.
永不背叛。

3.To by no means be cruel but to give mercy unto him who asks for mercy.
永不殘忍，給予求降者以寬恕。

4.To always do ladies, gentlewomen and widows succor.
總是給予女士以援助。

5.To never force ladies, gentlewomen or widows.
永不脅迫女士。

6.Not to take up battles in wrongful quarrels.
永不因爭(zhēng)吵而卷入戰(zhàn)斗。

銀幕上的亞瑟王：

由于出現(xiàn)時(shí)間過(guò)早歷史文字記錄混亂不詳，有關(guān)亞瑟王傳說(shuō)的史實(shí)性一直被學(xué)者們所爭(zhēng)論，有的學(xué)派甚至認(rèn)為亞瑟王在歷史上并不存在。但這并不妨礙他的傳說(shuō)從古代流傳至今。隨著時(shí)間推移，亞瑟王在文藝影視舞臺(tái)上仍占據(jù)著一席之位。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，他的故事再次被搬上銀幕。

亞瑟王 King Arthur (2004)

導(dǎo)演： 安東尼·福奎阿

主演：克里夫·歐文 艾恩·格拉法德? 凱拉·奈特利 休·丹西

Arthur, a heroic knight and devoted Christian, is torn between his desire to travel to Rome to serve his faith and his loyalty to the land of his birth. As England falls into lawlessness, Arthur throws in his lot with a band of knights who hope to restore order to their fair and pleasant land and hopes to win freedom for his comrades. Forming a united front as loyal Englishmen against the invading Saxon armies, Arthur, Merlin, and the brave and beautiful Guinevere are determined to unite a sovereign Britain under one army and one king.

劇情：公元450年，羅馬帝國(guó)已經(jīng)逐漸走向沒(méi)落，并且意欲從英國(guó)撤離，在大不列顛各島上，眾多的領(lǐng)主和騎士為了爭(zhēng)奪土地和城堡相互開戰(zhàn)，飽受戰(zhàn)亂之苦的人民組織起自己的游擊隊(duì)，積極地活躍在全國(guó)各地，具有強(qiáng)烈侵略性的薩克森人也乘亂進(jìn)入大不列顛。整個(gè)國(guó)家處于風(fēng)雨飄搖之中。亞瑟(克里夫·歐文 飾) 從小就在戰(zhàn)亂中和家人失散，被人收養(yǎng)并成為一個(gè)被人看不起的雜役，然而魔法師預(yù)言他一定會(huì)成為神圣的英國(guó)君主，而亞瑟更是拔出了“石中劍”印證了自己的將來(lái)。