When it comes to work, everyone has their own methods for getting tasks done. But it turns out that the most successful people tend to have similar habits.
對(duì)于工作，每個(gè)人都有自己完成任務(wù)的方法。但事實(shí)證明，大多數(shù)成功人士會(huì)有相似的習(xí)慣。

1. Mind Your Hours.
留意你的時(shí)間。

If you want to give your working hours a makeover, you’ve got to know how long your activities take.
如果你想要讓你的工作時(shí)間進(jìn)行改革，你必須知道你的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)要花多久時(shí)間。

To get the same understanding of your own work or productivity, it is recommended that you keep a time log for a full week so you also capture the weekend — that’s when people tend to be less conscious of what they’re doing. There’s no one way of tracking your time, so just pick something that works for you. The goal is to be helpful, not to make you hate your life.
為了對(duì)你自己的工作或者生產(chǎn)率有同樣的了解，建議你記錄一整周的時(shí)間，這樣你也能清楚知道周末的時(shí)間在干什么——而那時(shí)候人人往往較少注意到自己做的事情。追蹤時(shí)間的方法不止一種，因此只需要選取對(duì)自己有效的。目標(biāo)是為了有所幫助，而不是讓你厭惡自己的生活。

Time passes whether or not you make a conscious choice about how to use that time. And not being conscious of how you spend your time is also a choice. I can’t tell you how many people tell me by the second day, ‘I got so sick of saying, “checked Facebook,” for the tenth time that I stopped doing it.’
無(wú)論你是否有意識(shí)地選擇如何利用時(shí)間，時(shí)間都會(huì)過(guò)去。而且對(duì)你如何消磨時(shí)光不加留意也是一種選擇。我無(wú)法告訴你有多少人會(huì)在第二天告訴我，‘我已經(jīng)第十次受不了在記錄里提到“看Facebook”了，我再也不要去看Facebook了’”。

2. Plan.
規(guī)劃。

The next step to being more conscious with your work time is to plan out your hours. This might seem really obvious, but many harried workers find themselves in triage mode — only answering urgent matters and never taking a moment to strategize about how best to spend their time.
更加留意你的工作時(shí)間的下一步是規(guī)劃你的時(shí)間。這似乎非常顯而易見，但許多不斷受折磨的上班族發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于急救模式中——只能回應(yīng)那些緊急事務(wù)，而從未騰出片刻時(shí)間為如何更好地利用時(shí)間進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃。

It is recommended having a planning session at least once a week — or a big one weekly and then smaller ones as projects get finished. It is also suggested planning over different time frames. For instance, at the end of the year, you could plan your goals for the year, and then, in your weekly planning sessions, make sure you are steadily working toward those goals.
建議你至少一周做一次規(guī)劃——或者一周一次大規(guī)劃，而在項(xiàng)目結(jié)束時(shí)做一些小的。你也可以對(duì)不同的時(shí)間框架進(jìn)行規(guī)劃。比如，在年終，你可以制定下一年的規(guī)劃，隨后，在你制定每周計(jì)劃時(shí)，確保自己正致力于完成這些年度計(jì)劃。

3. Make Success Possible.
讓成功成為可能。

With a new plan, it’s easy to start getting excited about your goals, become over-ambitious … and then fail. But you are more likely to reach your dreams as long as you set discrete, doable tasks for yourself — and then make sure you’re held accountable. First, break down big projects into small steps, and try to limit yourself to tackling three to six a day.
在一個(gè)新計(jì)劃中，很容易在開始時(shí)對(duì)你的目標(biāo)感到興奮，變得過(guò)于雄心勃勃……然后失敗了。但是你只要為自己設(shè)立一些獨(dú)立的可行任務(wù)——繼而確保自己對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)，你就更有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。首先，將大的項(xiàng)目劃分為小步，并且試著限定自己每天處理三到六個(gè)分目標(biāo)。

Then, make sure you get to them. Everyone has a different accountability system. I personally use an accountability partner, with whom I have weekly check-ins on Friday. Others might want a more punitive or public approach, such as making a promise on Stickk, a web site in which people can set goals and then promise to do something dreaded, such as donate to an organization they loathe, if they fail.
隨后，確保自己完成它們。每個(gè)人都有不同的責(zé)任追究體系。我個(gè)人使用問(wèn)責(zé)伙伴，每周五到這個(gè)伙伴那里報(bào)道。其他人可能想要一個(gè)更具懲罰性或者更公開的方法，比如在Stickk作出承諾——人們可以在這個(gè)網(wǎng)站上設(shè)立目標(biāo)，然后許諾如果他們失敗，就要做一些可怕的事，比如向一家自己討厭的機(jī)構(gòu)捐款。

更多提高效能的方法>>>時(shí)間管理【通關(guān)班】? ?

4. Know What Is Work.
知道什么是工作。

Many of us end up spending inordinate amounts of time answering email. According to a 2012 McKinsey Global Institute report on the social economy, knowledge workers spend 28 percent of their time wading through their inboxes.
我們很多人每天花大量時(shí)間回復(fù)郵件。根據(jù)2012年麥肯錫咨詢公司關(guān)于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的報(bào)告，知識(shí)型工作者將28%的時(shí)間用于費(fèi)力讀完他們的收件箱。

But checking email is not the same thing as doing “work” — and by that, I mean the core of what you’re trying to accomplish. If you’re the kind of person who is worried about leaving your inbox unattended, it is suggested starting to wean yourself off by being on email for 20 minutes, and then using the next 40 minutes to focus on a task without interruption. Eventually, expand those times between email check-ins.
但查郵件不等于“工作”——所謂的工作指你正努力完成的核心內(nèi)容。如果你是那種不查收件箱就會(huì)感到惴惴不安的人，那么建議你開始拿出20分鐘處理郵件，然后剩下的40分鐘專注于另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。最終，逐步拉大檢查郵箱的時(shí)間間隔。

Another thing that can look like work but isn’t always: meetings. The reason you have a meeting is that you want something to change in the world by the end of it. The problem is that people have meetings to check that everyone is still doing their jobs .
還有一個(gè)看起來(lái)像工作但并非總是工作的事項(xiàng)：開會(huì)。召開一場(chǎng)會(huì)議的原因是你希望世上有件事能在會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)得到改變。問(wèn)題是人們開會(huì)往往是為了確認(rèn)大家仍在做各自的活兒。

I recommend shying away from recurring meetings. Everything you do with an hour should be a conscious decision.
建議避免經(jīng)常開會(huì)。因?yàn)樗幸ㄙM(fèi)一小時(shí)去做的事情都應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)合理的決定。

5. Practice.
練習(xí)。

While professional musicians or athletes spend time practicing their craft or sport, many people with other jobs don’t. Yet, if you think about it, your job is likely a performance of sorts, too. And that means that you can also consciously practice your job skills with the goal of improving, though you’ll need to ask someone to give you feedback.
當(dāng)專業(yè)音樂(lè)家或職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員花時(shí)間練習(xí)演奏技藝或運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，許多從事其他工作的人卻無(wú)法做到這樣。然而，如果你好好想想，你的工作可能是某種形式的表演。而這意味著你同樣可以有意識(shí)地以提升為目標(biāo)來(lái)練習(xí)工作技巧，盡管你需要讓別人給你反饋。

That’s the chunk that’s missing for a lot of people in their work. We don’t have as much feedback as we need. If you don’t get regular feedback, then after you, say, complete a task or give a presentation, ask your supervisor what you can do to improve next time. Or, have a friend in the same profession either look over your work before you send it to your boss or watch you practice giving your presentation before the real thing.
這是許多人工作中缺少的部分，我們得到的反饋不如我們需要的那樣多。如果你沒(méi)有定期得到反饋，那么在你完成了一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或做完一次展示后，問(wèn)問(wèn)你的上司你下次可以如何提高。或者，找一個(gè)同行朋友，把任務(wù)發(fā)給老板前找他審查一下，或者在演示開始前在他面前彩排一下。

6. Pay in.
積累。

Let’s say, God forbid, that you lost your job today. In order to find a new one, you’d have to draw on your career capital, which is the sum total of your experiences, your knowledge, your skills, your relationships — and all these things enable you to get a new job if you need one, create new situations for yourself or other people, or even let you take a break without having it ruin your career. Successful people tend to pay in to their career capital account regularly.
假設(shè)今天你丟了工作（但愿不會(huì)）。為了找到一份新工作，你不得不動(dòng)用自己的事業(yè)資本，也就是你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、知識(shí)、技巧和人脈之和——所有這一切能使你在需要時(shí)得到一份新工作，為你和其他人開辟新局面，或甚至讓你稍作休息而不會(huì)破壞你的事業(yè)?！背晒θ耸?jī)A向于定期積累事業(yè)資本。

There are three main ways to create career capital. One is to simply improve your skills and adopt new ones important in your line of work. Take professional development classes, or have a mentor help you figure out what you’ll need to learn in order to succeed five, ten or 20 years from now.
有三個(gè)積累事業(yè)資本的方法。一個(gè)是簡(jiǎn)單的提高技能，并且采納你所在工作領(lǐng)域中重要的新技能。參加技能提升課程，或者讓一個(gè)導(dǎo)師幫助你弄清楚為了在今后五年、十年或二十年的成功，你需要學(xué)什么。

Another type of career capital deposit is developing a portfolio of your work. The good thing about writing or illustrating books is that they are then out there in the market, speaking for you and your ideas even when you’re not around. And that explains why experts in many fields from medicine to business take up the pen. But writing or publishing isn’t the only way to create this portfolio. Doing work that has any kind of visible, tangible outcome will have the same effect.
另一種是發(fā)展自己的作品集。寫作或者做插畫家的一個(gè)好處是你的作品會(huì)面市，甚至在你不在了的時(shí)候代表你和你的想法。而且這解釋了為什么從醫(yī)學(xué)到商業(yè)的許多領(lǐng)域的專家都提筆著書的原因。但寫作或出版并不是創(chuàng)造作品集的唯一方法。從事任何可以創(chuàng)造出結(jié)果的工作都會(huì)有相同的效果。

The third and final way to build your career capital is to build up a network of people loyal to you. You can do this by introducing colleagues to others you know who could be helpful to them, providing references for people, and also standing by associates when they’re down. Anyone can have lunch with someone who is successful. Real career capital comes from having lunch with someone who just lost the job she loves.
積累事業(yè)資本的第三種也是終極方法是建立起一個(gè)忠于你的人脈網(wǎng)絡(luò)。你可以通過(guò)將同事引薦給你認(rèn)識(shí)的、可能會(huì)對(duì)其有幫助的、會(huì)給他們提供參考人來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)，并且當(dāng)他們情緒低落的時(shí)候陪在他們身邊。任何人都能和成功人士共進(jìn)午餐。真正的事業(yè)資本來(lái)自于與剛剛丟失一份心愛工作的人共進(jìn)午餐。