李克強(qiáng)總理把訪歐首站定位瑞士,當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2013年5月23日,國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在瑞士《新蘇黎世報(bào)》發(fā)表題為《為什么選擇瑞士》的署名文章,給出了答案。
為什么選擇瑞士?
Why Switzerland?
瑞士是我就任中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理后出訪的第一個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家。在中國(guó)文化中,“第一次”總是具有象征意義。我選擇瑞士并非偶然,因?yàn)橛袔准匾氖虑橐?。這幾件都是中國(guó)對(duì)外開放具有標(biāo)志性的大事,也都與瑞士有關(guān)。
Switzerland is the first European destination on the list of countries I will visit after becoming China’s premier. In Chinese culture, being “first” always carries symbolic meaning. My choice of Switzerland is in no way
haphazard: we have got a few important things to do here. They are all landmark events in China’s opening-up, and they all have something to do with Switzerland.
其一是推動(dòng)中瑞自貿(mào)區(qū)進(jìn)程。2010年我訪問(wèn)瑞士時(shí),雙方一致同意加快建立自貿(mào)區(qū)的準(zhǔn)備工作。三年多來(lái),兩國(guó)的相關(guān)部門一直緊鑼密鼓地推進(jìn)談判, 進(jìn)行了九輪并最終結(jié)束了談判。邁出這一步,瑞士將成為歐洲大陸和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)20強(qiáng)中首個(gè)與中國(guó)達(dá)成自貿(mào)協(xié)定的國(guó)家,其意義非同一般。
The first job is to secure progress in the building of China-Switzerland FTA. It was during my last visit in 2010 that the two countries agreed to speed up preparations for an FTA. Over the past three years and more, the relevant departments and agencies of the two countries have worked energetically in the negotiations, and reached the final conclusion after nine rounds of talks. With the advent of FTA, Switzerland will become the first country in continental Europe and the first of the world’s top 20 economies to reach an FTA with China, the
implications of which will be significant.
去年,中瑞貿(mào)易達(dá)到263億美元,其中瑞士對(duì)華出口228億美元,如果平均到每個(gè)瑞士人就是2800美元。達(dá)成一個(gè)高水平的中瑞自貿(mào)協(xié)定,中國(guó)付 出了很多 努力。這充分說(shuō)明,中國(guó)對(duì)外開放的步伐不會(huì)停頓,中國(guó)堅(jiān)持維護(hù)多邊貿(mào)易體制、積極推動(dòng)區(qū)域貿(mào)易自由化、加快實(shí)施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略的決心堅(jiān)定不移。達(dá)成一個(gè)高 水平的中瑞自貿(mào)協(xié)定,也等于是樹立一個(gè)好的標(biāo)桿,不僅會(huì)促進(jìn)兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作全面升級(jí),而且會(huì)向世界發(fā)出反對(duì)貿(mào)易和投資保護(hù)主義、倡導(dǎo)貿(mào)易自由化便利化的強(qiáng)有 力信號(hào),給中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系深化帶來(lái)新的動(dòng)力,給兩國(guó)消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)帶來(lái)實(shí)實(shí)在在的好處,也有利于世界貿(mào)易振興和經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。
Last year, two-way trade reached 26.3 billion U.S. dollars, including 22.8 billion dollars of Swiss exports to China. That is to say, every Swiss man, woman and child exported 2,800 dollars to China. To conclude this high-quality FTA agreement with Switzerland, China has made
tremendous effort. It fully demonstrates that China will not stall in its opening-up and that it is firmly committed to upholding the multilateral trading
regime, vigorously promoting regional trade liberalization, and accelerating the
implementation of the FTA strategy. Moreover, a high-quality FTA agreement between China and Switzerland will also set a good example. It will not only upgrade our business and investment cooperation but also send a powerful message to the rest of the world that we reject trade and investment protectionism and instead embrace trade liberalization and facilitation. It will inject fresh impetus into China-EU business ties, bring tangible benefits to consumers and businesses in both our countries, and contribute to world trade and economic recovery.
其二是加強(qiáng)雙方金融領(lǐng)域交流與合作。瑞士長(zhǎng)于金融,管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富,被稱為銀行密度最高的國(guó)家。與瑞方加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管、宏觀政策和完善資本市場(chǎng)體系等 方面的合作,是中國(guó)開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的客觀需要。中國(guó)正在深化金融業(yè)改革開放,包括穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化改革以及人民幣資本項(xiàng)目可兌換、建立個(gè)人投資者境外投 資制度、完善金融監(jiān)管機(jī)制等,這將為兩國(guó)金融企業(yè)互動(dòng)發(fā)展提供新的機(jī)遇。同時(shí),中瑞可以在國(guó)際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行等國(guó)際金融機(jī)構(gòu)中攜手合作,為維護(hù)國(guó) 際金融穩(wěn)定和促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)發(fā)揮“1+1大于2”的作用。
The second job is to step up financial exchanges and cooperation between the two sides. Switzerland boasts the highest density of banks. It has a strong financial industry and rich regulatory experience. Enhancing cooperation with Switzerland in financial regulation, macroeconomic policy making, capital market development and other areas is consistent with China’s need for further development of its open economy. China is introducing more reform and opening-up to its financial sector, including steadily advancing market-oriented reform of the interest rate, making RMB
convertible under the capital account, putting in place a system of overseas investment by individual investors, and improving financial regulatory regime. All this will provide new opportunities for interactions and growth of our financial firms. At the same time, China and Switzerland can work together at the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international financial institutions, so as to make greater contribution to maintaining international financial stability and promoting world economic growth.
其三是進(jìn)一步增進(jìn)兩國(guó)互信與理解。中瑞關(guān)系和務(wù)實(shí)合作能夠達(dá)到什么高度,既取決于能否抓住新的機(jī)遇,更取決于能否提高雙方互信和理解的層次。瑞士 是首批與新中國(guó)建交的西方國(guó)家之一,中國(guó)改革開放后第一家工業(yè)性合資企業(yè)就是與瑞士合作成立的,瑞士又在歐洲國(guó)家中較早承認(rèn)了中國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位。這些都構(gòu) 成了彼此信任的基礎(chǔ)。中瑞合作要走得更好更遠(yuǎn),需要我們做的事情還有很多。希望這次訪問(wèn)不僅能深化領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的了解和互信,而且能提高彼此國(guó)家在對(duì)方民眾 中的認(rèn)知度,在民間交往的廣闊天地播下更多友好的種子。
The third job is to enhance mutual trust and understanding. How high we can go in developing our relations and our practical cooperation hinges on our ability to seize new opportunities, and more importantly, on whether or not we can reach a higher level of mutual trust and understanding. Switzerland is among the first Western countries to have established diplomatic relations with New China. The very first industrial joint venture China entered into after the beginning of reform and opening up was one with Switzerland. Switzerland is also one of the first group of European countries that recognize China’s market economy status. All these constitute the basis of our
mutual trust. But to go still higher, we need to do a lot more. I hope my visit here will not only deepen the understanding and trust at the leadership level, but also increase the awareness and recognition at the public level of our respective countries, thus planting more seeds of friendship for exchanges between the two peoples.
關(guān)于中國(guó)發(fā)展的機(jī)遇,請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我簡(jiǎn)短羅列以下幾個(gè)具體事例:2012年中國(guó)的GDP按可比價(jià)算是2000年的3.2倍,翻了一番還多;到2020年 通過(guò)努力在2010年的基礎(chǔ)上再翻一番,需年均增長(zhǎng)7%左右。今后五年,中國(guó)將進(jìn)口10萬(wàn)億美元左右的商品,對(duì)外投資規(guī)模將達(dá)到5000億美元。中國(guó)正在 積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化,數(shù)億農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)化為城鎮(zhèn)人口會(huì)釋放更大的市場(chǎng)需求。這些都表明,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的前景十分廣闊,也會(huì)給包括瑞士在內(nèi)的各國(guó)發(fā)展帶來(lái)更多機(jī) 遇。
As for what opportunities China’s development can offer, I will let the figures speak for themselves: China’s 2012 GDP, in comparable terms, more than doubled that of 2000, registering an increase of 3.2 times. To double the GDP of 2010 by 2020, China will need to sustain an annual growth rate of around 7 percent. Over the next five years, China will import some 10 trillion dollars worth of goods from the rest of the world, and its overseas investment will reach 500 billion dollars. By
vigorously advancing urbanization in a steady manner, China will see hundreds of millions of its rural population turn into urban residents, unleashing increasing market demand along the way. All these underscore the enormous prospect of China’s economic development and the growth opportunities it will bring to Switzerland and other countries.
關(guān)于中國(guó)政府的政策,我愿強(qiáng)調(diào):對(duì)內(nèi),我們?nèi)嫔罨袌?chǎng)化取向的改革,釋放改革的紅利,持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),不斷改善民生,促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正,努力使人人享 有平等的機(jī)會(huì)。對(duì)外,我們始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路,奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略,擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開放的領(lǐng)域和空間,特別是擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)外開放,以開放促改革、促發(fā) 展、促轉(zhuǎn)型。
As for the policies of the Chinese government, I just want to emphasize the following: domestically, we will make an all-around effort to deepen market-oriented reform,
unleash the dividends of reform, continue to grow the economy, improve people’s livelihood, promote social equity and ensure equal opportunities for all. Externally, we will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and pursue a win-win strategy of opening-up. We will open up more areas and sectors, the services sector in particular, so as to facilitate China’s reform, development and economic transformation.
如果有人還受到中瑞間一些差異和分歧的困擾,我想大可不必。中國(guó)正在致力于發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、保障人權(quán)、依法治國(guó)。由于歷史文化背景和發(fā)展階段的不同,中 瑞間存在一些差異在所難免。但尺有所短,寸有所長(zhǎng),取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短方能優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)。我們應(yīng)在相互尊重的基礎(chǔ)上,深化溝通與交流,增進(jìn)相互理解,平和地看待對(duì)方,借 此不斷做大共同利益,實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏。
For those who are still baffled by the differences between China and Switzerland, I just want to say that it is totally unnecessary. China is working to secure growth, protect human rights and promote rule of law. Due to diversity of history, cultural background and stage of development, it is hardly avoidable that the two countries have some differences. Just as a Chinese saying goes, an inch has its length and a foot sometimes falls short. Only through mutual learning can we draw on each other’s comparative strength. We should always show mutual respect, increase communication and exchanges, enhance mutual understanding, look at each other with an open mind, and steadily expand our common interests for win-win results.
我對(duì)三年前作為中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院副總理訪瑞記憶猶新。前后四天的行程中,與政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人深談,與企業(yè)家會(huì)面,還在漫天大雪中出席了達(dá)沃斯論壇年會(huì),日程很 充實(shí)也很有收獲?,F(xiàn)在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的陰影還未消散,各國(guó)需要繼續(xù)同舟共濟(jì)、共克時(shí)艱,不搞貿(mào)易和投資保護(hù)主義,尤其是不能動(dòng)輒就用“雙反”措施,還要避免 量化寬松貨幣政策產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面溢出效應(yīng)。
My last visit to Switzerland three years ago as China’s vice premier remains fresh in my memory. During the four days, I had in-depth discussions with government leaders and meetings with entrepreneurs, and braving a heavy snow, I went to Davos for the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting. The visit was both substantive and rewarding. Now that the shadow of the international financial crisis is still there, countries must continue to work in unison in this time of difficulties, refrain from adopting trade and investment protectionism, the frequent use of anti-dumping and
countervailing measures in particular, and guard against the negative spillover effects of the monetary policy of quantitative easing.
關(guān)于這次訪問(wèn),我想了很多,想做的事情很多,但是訪問(wèn)時(shí)間有限,不可能面面俱到。要把合作成果落到實(shí)處,最終還是要靠?jī)蓢?guó)企業(yè)、民間和政府的共同努力。這方面雙方已經(jīng)做得很好,還可以做得更好。
As for the current visit, I have given it a lot of thoughts, and there are many things I wanted to do. But my time in Switzerland is limited, and it’s impossible to do everything. For cooperation to deliver concrete results, we need the enterprises, the communities and the government of both countries to make joint efforts. Indeed, our two sides have already done very well in this respect, but we can do better.
因此,我選擇了來(lái)瑞士訪問(wèn)。
That is why I have chosen to visit Switzerland.