閻成席時(shí)文翻譯小講堂：畫龍點(diǎn)睛翻譯技巧(公開課回顧)

【英語】閻成席時(shí)文翻譯小講堂：“畫龍點(diǎn)睛” 翻譯技巧
時(shí)間: 4月28日(星期日) 19:30 - 20:30
主講老師: 閻成席（點(diǎn)擊關(guān)注老師的滬江部落>>>）
公開課地點(diǎn): 英語大廳（點(diǎn)擊下載CCTalk）

網(wǎng)校名師簡介：

視頻回顧：

課堂內(nèi)容提要：

一、翻譯技巧“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”

閻老師今天為大家?guī)淼奶厣g技巧是“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”。龍畫好了，缺少了一筆生動(dòng)傳神的眼睛，是不能成為超凡的作品的。今天我們要點(diǎn)的這個(gè)睛，不單單是龍自身的眼睛，而是巧奪天工的天外飛仙。

所謂“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”，就是在將原味翻譯完成之后，巧妙的加入一句總結(jié)性的句子。這個(gè)句子概括了上文的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也將譯者自己的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)出來。這樣的處理 方法，不僅讓譯文更加豐滿，而且也充分讓譯者在翻譯中表現(xiàn)自己的主動(dòng)地位。閆老師一直強(qiáng)調(diào)譯者不是機(jī)械的完成翻譯工作的機(jī)器，必須是一個(gè)鮮活的有個(gè)性的 人。今天這招畫龍點(diǎn)睛就足以讓我們挑出翻譯的條條框框。 需要注意的是，這種技巧需要慎用！過多的添加信息會遭致非議，同時(shí)甚至?xí)屪x者懷疑譯者的職業(yè)素養(yǎng)。由于其特殊作用，本技巧往往出現(xiàn)在段落的首尾兩處，起 到承上啟下，開篇明義或者是概括總結(jié)的作用。

二、雙語示例

打工難圓市民夢，城市只養(yǎng)有錢人
Identity makeover is a castle in the air for most migrant workers

4月11日，人力資源和社會保障部勞動(dòng)科學(xué)研究所課題組歷時(shí)半年進(jìn)行的專門調(diào)研報(bào)告稱：過半農(nóng)民工想當(dāng)市民，城里房價(jià)高成最大困難，約有13.71%的農(nóng)民工選擇“我們根本不屬于這里，遲早要回去”。
On April 11, Research Group of MHRSS-ISS releases a survey report which took them half a year’s efforts, which boils down to such a conclusion: the majority of migrant workers dream of being officially labeled as an urban resident, which is greatly defied by the sky-rocketing home prices. Approximately 13.71% migrant workers resolvedly pick out such a helpless option: “There isn’t such a niche in the city for us by a long sight, so we will get back where we are supposed to be sooner or later.”

明眼人都清楚，時(shí)下之中國，不僅打破城鄉(xiāng)二元制的戶籍藩籬難，就是改變一些人的觀念也很難。在好多官員心里，只知道企業(yè)缺人時(shí)想起農(nóng)民工，但農(nóng)民工需要的均等公共服務(wù)，卻壓根不想解決；他們兩眼只看到農(nóng)民的地，趕農(nóng)民上樓，卻將農(nóng)民、特別是農(nóng)民后代的生存置之腦后。一些城里人對待農(nóng)民工也是“二元態(tài)度”：他們在樂享農(nóng)民工提供的種種便利舒適的同時(shí)，公交車上辱罵甚至驅(qū)趕農(nóng)民工等丑劇不時(shí)上演。
It is clear to any person of good sense that nowadays in China it is totally impossible to stride cross the hurdles set by the urban and rural dual household registration system, not to mention the change of the mentality and attitude of most city fellows. As for most officials, only when they are desperately baffled by the temporary shortage of hands for urban enterprises can they think of migrant workers who actually are in dire need of the equal public service, but these officials have never chewed it over for a solution as they are so eager to drive farmers out of the lucrative farm land into the urban area without thinking of a kill-two-bird-stone solution for farmers and their children in coming generations. ...
Actually they treat migrant works just as such a proverb goes, “You can't make your horse work without feeding her.”

由此想來，那些約有13.71%的農(nóng)民工選擇“我們根本不屬于這里，遲早要回去”想法的農(nóng)民工倒是務(wù)實(shí)的，聰明的。與其將青春奉獻(xiàn)給城市后再被拋棄，倒不如趁著年輕在老家創(chuàng)一番事業(yè)，憑著自己的能力縮短工作方式、生活方式、價(jià)值觀念等與城市居民的距離。這雖然難，但卻更實(shí)際。
So it follows that some 13.71% migrant workers singling out such a choice “we will get back where we are supposed to be” are really cleverly down-to-earth. It is not so much worthy of sacrificing all youth in urban areas in return for a final sober-up as to settle down in the home place for their own business in the prime of youth to cut short the distance between the urban residents in terms of work manner, lifestyle, values, etc. It is a great challenge for them but it is the harsh reality. A warm tip: never kicking down the ladder or killing the goose that laid the golden eggs.

三、重點(diǎn)

1. Actually they treat migrant works just as such a proverb goes, “You can't make your horse work without feeding her.”
在第二段翻譯完成之后，閻老師加上了上述一句。這句譯文恰恰是漢語俗語“又要馬兒跑，又要馬兒不吃草”的對應(yīng)表達(dá)。這樣一句看似隨意的添加，實(shí)際上恰恰填補(bǔ) 了第二段缺乏一個(gè)總結(jié)句的遺憾，兩個(gè)短句的俗語把第二段的兩層含義表達(dá)清楚，同時(shí)把農(nóng)民工比喻成沒有草吃卻要干活的馬匹，更是體現(xiàn)了譯者對于這種殘酷而不 合理的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況的不滿和憂慮。這種譯法不可謂不靈活，不可謂不成功。

通過這個(gè)例子，我們也可以看出，在這則技巧的運(yùn)用時(shí)，應(yīng)該更多的使用成語和俗語等表達(dá)方式，一來更凸顯文采，二來也更符合點(diǎn)睛之筆的需要。

2. A warm tip: never kicking down the ladder or killing the goose that laid the golden eggs.
無獨(dú)有偶，在文章的最后一句，閻老師重新運(yùn)用了這則技巧。這里的譯文是漢語過河拆橋和殺雞取卵的翻譯。

與上一個(gè)例子相仿，這里不再贅述其中的原由和優(yōu)點(diǎn)。這里需要提醒一下大家，在運(yùn)用成語或者俗語時(shí)，一定要保證使用的規(guī)范和合理，切忌不可生搬硬套或者是使用錯(cuò)誤的成語翻譯方式。要充分考慮到英文表達(dá)習(xí)慣和文化需要。

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