Preamble
序言

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
鑒于對人類家庭所有成員的固有尊嚴(yán)及其平等的和不移的權(quán)利的承認(rèn), 乃是世界自由、正義及和平的基礎(chǔ),

Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
鑒于對人權(quán)的忽視及侮蔑已發(fā)展為野蠻暴行, 這些暴行玷污了人類的良心, 而一個人人享有言論和信仰自由并免於恐懼和匱乏的世界的來臨, 已被宣布為普通人民的最高愿望,

Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,
鑒于為使人類不致迫不得已鋌而走險, 對暴政和壓迫進(jìn)行反抗, 有必要使人權(quán)受法治的保護(hù),

Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
鑒于有必要促進(jìn)各國間友好關(guān)系的發(fā)展,

Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
鑒于聯(lián)合國國家的人民已在聯(lián)合國憲章中重申他們對基本人權(quán)、人格尊嚴(yán)和價值以及男女平等權(quán)利的信心, 并決心促成較大自由中的社會進(jìn)步和生活水平的改善,?

Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
鑒于各會員國都已誓愿同聯(lián)合國合作, 以促進(jìn)對人權(quán)和基本自由的普遍尊重和遵行,

Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,
鑒于對這些權(quán)利和自由的普遍了解, 對於這個誓愿的充分實現(xiàn), 有很大的重要性,?

Now, therefore, The General Assembly,
因此，現(xiàn)在，大會

Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
這一世界人權(quán)宣言, 作為所有人民和所有國家努力實現(xiàn)的共同標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 以期每一個人和社會機構(gòu)經(jīng)常銘念本宣言, 努力通過教誨和教育, 促進(jìn)對權(quán)利和自由的尊重, 并通過國家的和國際的漸進(jìn)措施, 使這些權(quán)利和自由在各會員國本身人民及在其管轄下領(lǐng)土的人民中, 得到普遍和有效的承認(rèn)和遵行。

Article 1
第一條

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
人人生而自由, 在尊嚴(yán)及權(quán)利上一律平等。他們賦有理性和良心, 并應(yīng)以兄弟關(guān)系的精神相對待。

Article 2
第二條

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
人人有資格享受本宣言所載的一切權(quán)利與自由, 不分種族、膚色、性別、語言、宗教、政治或其他見解、國籍或社會出身、財產(chǎn)、出生或其他身份等任何區(qū)別。 并且不得因一人所屬的國家或領(lǐng)土的政治的、行政的或者國際的地位之不同而有所區(qū)別, 無論該領(lǐng)土是獨立、托管領(lǐng)土、非自治領(lǐng)土或者處於其他任何主權(quán)受限的情況下。

Article 3
第三條

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
人人有權(quán)享受生命、自由與人身安全。

Article 4
第四條

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
任何人不得使為奴隸或奴役; 一怍形式的奴隸制度和奴隸現(xiàn)實, 均應(yīng)予以禁止。

Article 5
第五條

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
任何人不得加以酷刑, 或施以殘忍的、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罰。

Article 6
第六條

Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
人人于任何地方有權(quán)被承認(rèn)在法律前的人格。

Article 7
第七條

All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
法律之前人人平等, 并有權(quán)享受法律的平等保護(hù), 不受任何歧視。人人有權(quán)享受平等保護(hù), 以免受違反本宣言的任何歧視行為以及煽動這種歧視行為之害。

Article 8
第八條

Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
任何人當(dāng)憲法或法律所賦予他的基本權(quán)利遭受侵害時, 有權(quán)由合格的國家法庭對這種侵害行作有效的補救。

Article 9
第九條

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
任何人不得加以任何逮捕、拘禁或放逐。

Article 10
第十條

Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
人人完全平等地有權(quán)由一個獨立而無偏倚的法庭進(jìn)行公正的和公開的審訊, 以確定他的權(quán)利和義, 并判定對他提出的任何刑事指控。

Article 11
第十一條

1.Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
(一)凡受刑事控告者, 在未經(jīng)獲得辯護(hù)上所需的一切保證的公開審判而依法證實有罪以前, 有權(quán)被視為無罪。
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2.No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.
(二)任何人的任何行為或不行為, 在其發(fā)生時依國家法或國際法均不構(gòu)成刑事罪者, 不得被判為犯有刑事罪。刑罰不得重於犯罪時適用的法律規(guī)定。

Article 12
第十二條

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
任何人的私生活、家庭、住宅或通訊不得任意干涉, 他的榮譽和名譽不得加以攻擊。人人有權(quán)享受法律保護(hù), 以免受這種干涉或攻擊。

Article 13
第十三條

1.Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
(一)人人在各國境內(nèi)有權(quán)自由遷徒及居住。

2.Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
(二)人人有權(quán)離開任何國家, 包括其本國在內(nèi), 并有權(quán)返回他的國家。

Article 14
第十四條

1.Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
(一)人人有權(quán)在其他國家尋求和享受庇護(hù)以避免迫害。

2.This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
(二)在真正由於非政治性的罪行或違背聯(lián)合國的宗旨和原則的行為而被起的情況, 不得援用此權(quán)利。

Article 15
第十五條

1.Everyone has the right to a nationality.
(一)人人有權(quán)享有國籍。

2.No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.
(二)任何人的國籍不得任意剝奪, 亦不得否認(rèn)其改變國籍的權(quán)利。

Article 16
第十六條

1.Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
(一)成年男女, 不受種族、國籍或宗教的任何限制, 有權(quán)婚嫁和成立家庭。他們在婚姻方面, 在結(jié)婚期間和在解除婚約時, 應(yīng)有平等的權(quán)利。

2.Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
(二)祗有經(jīng)男女雙方的自由的和完全的同意, 才能結(jié)婚。

3.The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.
(三)家庭是天然的和基本的社會單元, 并應(yīng)受社會和國家的保護(hù)。

Article 17
第十七條

1.Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
(一)人人得有單獨的財產(chǎn)所有權(quán)以及同他人合有的所有權(quán)。

2.No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
(二)任何人的財產(chǎn)不得任意剝奪。

Article 18
第十八條

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
人人有思想、良心與宗教自由的權(quán)利; 此項權(quán)利包括改變他的宗教或信仰的自由, 以及其單獨或團(tuán)體、公開或秘密地教義、實踐、禮拜及戒律表示他的宗教或信仰的自由。?

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