——嚴(yán)格依法行動,嚴(yán)守政策紀(jì)律。中國武裝力量遵守憲法和法律,遵守《聯(lián)合國憲章》的宗旨和原則,堅(jiān)持依法用兵、依法行動。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行法律法規(guī)和政策規(guī)定,嚴(yán)守群眾紀(jì)律,依法完成搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)、維穩(wěn)處突和安保警戒等任務(wù)。以《聯(lián)合國憲章》和公認(rèn)的國際關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則為依據(jù),堅(jiān)持在雙邊多邊條約的法律構(gòu)架內(nèi)行動,確保涉外軍事行動的合法性。制定和完善法律法規(guī)和政策制度,嚴(yán)格按照條令條例管理部隊(duì),為武裝力量多樣化運(yùn)用提供法律保障。
Acting in accordance with laws, policies and disciplines. China's armed forces observe the country's Constitution and other relevant laws, comply with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and maintain their commitment to employing troops and taking actions according to law. They strictly abide by laws, regulations and policies, as well as discipline regarding civil-military relations. According to law, they accomplish such tasks as emergency rescue, disaster relief, stability maintenance, contingency response and security provision. On the basis of the UN Charter and other universally recognized norms of international relations, they consistently operate within the legal framework formed by bilateral or multi-lateral treaties and agreements, so as to ensure the legitimacy of their operations involving foreign countries or militaries. The diversified employment of China's armed forces is legally guaranteed by formulating and revising relevant laws, regulations and policies, and the armed forces are administered strictly by rules and regulations.

二、武裝力量建設(shè)與發(fā)展
II. Building and Development of China's Armed Forces

中國武裝力量由人民解放軍、人民武裝警察部隊(duì)、民兵組成,在國家安全和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略全局中具有重要地位和作用,肩負(fù)著維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益的光榮使命和神圣職責(zé)。
China's armed forces are composed of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) and the militia. They play a significant role in China's overall strategies of security and development, and shoulder the glorious mission and sacred duty of safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests.

近年來,人民解放軍按照履行使命任務(wù)和信息化建設(shè)發(fā)展要求,積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)軍隊(duì)改革。強(qiáng)化軍委總部戰(zhàn)略管理功能,組建人民解放軍戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃部,將總參通信部改編為信息化部,將總參軍訓(xùn)和兵種部改編為軍訓(xùn)部;推進(jìn)新型作戰(zhàn)力量建設(shè),調(diào)整優(yōu)化各軍兵種規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu),改革部隊(duì)編組模式,推動作戰(zhàn)力量編成向精干、聯(lián)合、多能、高效方向發(fā)展;完善新型軍隊(duì)人才培養(yǎng)體系,深化軍事人力資源和后勤政策制度調(diào)整改革,加強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)武器裝備建設(shè),努力構(gòu)建中國特色現(xiàn)代軍事力量體系。
Over the years, the PLA has been proactively and steadily pushing forward its reforms in line with the requirements of performing its missions and tasks, and building an informationized military. The PLA has intensified the strategic administration of the Central Military Commission (CMC). It established the PLA Department of Strategic Planning, reorganized the GSH (Headquarters of the General Staff) Communications Department as the GSH Informationization Department, and the GSH Training and Arms Department as the GSH Training Department. The PLA is engaged in the building of new types of combat forces. It optimizes the size and structure of the various services and arms, reforms the organization of the troops so as to make operational forces lean, joint, multi-functional and efficient. The PLA works to improve the training mechanism for military personnel of a new type, adjust policies and rules regarding military human resources and logistics, and strengthen the development of new- and high-technology weaponry and equipment to build a modern military force structure with Chinese characteristics.

陸軍主要擔(dān)負(fù)陸地作戰(zhàn)任務(wù),包括機(jī)動作戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)、邊海防部隊(duì)、警衛(wèi)警備部隊(duì)等。按照機(jī)動作戰(zhàn)、立體攻防的戰(zhàn)略要求,陸軍積極推進(jìn)由區(qū)域防衛(wèi)型向全域機(jī)動型轉(zhuǎn)變,加快發(fā)展陸軍航空兵、輕型機(jī)械化部隊(duì)和特種作戰(zhàn)部隊(duì),加強(qiáng)數(shù)字化部隊(duì)建設(shè),逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)部隊(duì)編成的小型化、模塊化、多能化,提高空地一體、遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)動、快速突擊和特種作戰(zhàn)能力。陸軍機(jī)動作戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)包括18個(gè)集團(tuán)軍和部分獨(dú)立合成作戰(zhàn)師(旅),現(xiàn)有85萬人。集團(tuán)軍由師、旅編成,分別隸屬于7個(gè)軍區(qū)。沈陽軍區(qū)下轄第16、39、40集團(tuán)軍,北京軍區(qū)下轄第27、38、65集團(tuán)軍,蘭州軍區(qū)下轄第21、47集團(tuán)軍,濟(jì)南軍區(qū)下轄第20、26、54集團(tuán)軍,南京軍區(qū)下轄第1、12、31集團(tuán)軍,廣州軍區(qū)下轄第41、42集團(tuán)軍,成都軍區(qū)下轄第13、14集團(tuán)軍。
The PLA Army (PLAA) is composed of mobile operational units, border and coastal defense units, guard and garrison units, and is primarily responsible for military operations on land. In line with the strategic requirements of mobile operations and multi-dimensional offense and defense, the PLAA has been reoriented from theater defense to trans-theater mobility. It is accelerating the development of army aviation troops, light mechanized units and special operations forces, and enhancing building of digitalized units, gradually making its units small, modular and multi-functional in organization so as to enhance their capabilities for air-ground integrated operations, long-distance maneuvers, rapid assaults and special operations. The PLAA mobile operational units include 18 combined corps, plus additional independent combined operational divisions (brigades), and have a total strength of 850,000. The combined corps, composed of divisions and brigades, are respectively under the seven military area commands (MACs): Shenyang (16th, 39th and 40th Combined Corps), Beijing (27th, 38th and 65th Combined Corps), Lanzhou (21st and 47th Combined Corps), Jinan (20th, 26th and 54th Combined Corps), Nanjing (1st, 12th and 31st Combined Corps), Guangzhou (41st and 42nd Combined Corps) and Chengdu (13th and 14th Combined Corps).

海軍是海上作戰(zhàn)行動的主體力量,擔(dān)負(fù)著保衛(wèi)國家海上方向安全、領(lǐng)海主權(quán)和維護(hù)海洋權(quán)益的任務(wù),主要由潛艇部隊(duì)、水面艦艇部隊(duì)、航空兵、陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)、岸防部隊(duì)等兵種組成。按照近海防御的戰(zhàn)略要求,海軍注重提高近海綜合作戰(zhàn)力量現(xiàn)代化水平,發(fā)展先進(jìn)潛艇、驅(qū)逐艦、護(hù)衛(wèi)艦等裝備,完善綜合電子信息系統(tǒng)裝備體系,提高遠(yuǎn)海機(jī)動作戰(zhàn)、遠(yuǎn)海合作與應(yīng)對非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅能力,增強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略威懾與反擊能力。海軍現(xiàn)有23.5萬人,下轄北海、東海和南海3個(gè)艦隊(duì),艦隊(duì)下轄艦隊(duì)航空兵、基地、支隊(duì)、水警區(qū)、航空兵師和陸戰(zhàn)旅等部隊(duì)。2012年9月,第一艘航空母艦“遼寧艦”交接入列。中國發(fā)展航空母艦,對于建設(shè)強(qiáng)大海軍和維護(hù)海上安全具有深遠(yuǎn)意義。
The PLA Navy (PLAN) is China's mainstay for operations at sea, and is responsible for safeguarding its maritime security and maintaining its sovereignty over its territorial seas along with its maritime rights and interests. The PLAN is composed of the submarine, surface vessel, naval aviation, marine corps and coastal defense arms. In line with the requirements of its offshore defense strategy, the PLAN endeavors to accelerate the modernization of its forces for comprehensive offshore operations, develop advanced submarines, destroyers and frigates, and improve integrated electronic and information systems. Furthermore, it develops blue-water capabilities of conducting mobile operations, carrying out international cooperation, and countering non-traditional security threats, and enhances its capabilities of strategic deterrence and counterattack. Currently, the PLAN has a total strength of 235,000 officers and men, and commands three fleets, namely, the Beihai Fleet, the Donghai Fleet and the Nanhai Fleet. Each fleet has fleet aviation headquarters, support bases, flotillas and maritime garrison commands, as well as aviation divisions and marine brigades. In September 2012, China's first aircraft carrier Liaoning was commissioned into the PLAN. China's development of an aircraft carrier has a profound impact on building a strong PLAN and safeguarding maritime security.

空軍是空中作戰(zhàn)行動的主體力量,擔(dān)負(fù)著保衛(wèi)國家領(lǐng)空安全、保持全國空防穩(wěn)定的任務(wù),主要由航空兵、地面防空兵、雷達(dá)兵、空降兵、電子對抗等兵種組成。按照攻防兼?zhèn)涞膽?zhàn)略要求,空軍加強(qiáng)以偵察預(yù)警、空中進(jìn)攻、防空反導(dǎo)、戰(zhàn)略投送為重點(diǎn)的作戰(zhàn)力量體系建設(shè),發(fā)展新一代作戰(zhàn)飛機(jī)、新型地空導(dǎo)彈和新型雷達(dá)等先進(jìn)武器裝備,完善預(yù)警、指揮和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò),提高戰(zhàn)略預(yù)警、威懾和遠(yuǎn)程空中打擊能力??哲姮F(xiàn)有39.8萬人,下轄沈陽、北京、蘭州、濟(jì)南、南京、廣州、成都7個(gè)軍區(qū)空軍和1個(gè)空降兵軍。軍區(qū)空軍下轄基地、航空兵師(旅)、地空導(dǎo)彈師(旅)、雷達(dá)旅等。
The PLA Air Force (PLAAF) is China's mainstay for air operations, responsible for its territorial air security and maintaining a stable air defense posture nationwide. It is primarily composed of aviation, ground air defense, radar, airborne and electronic countermeasures (ECM) arms. In line with the strategic requirements of conducting both offensive and defensive operations, the PLAAF is strengthening the development of a combat force structure that focuses on reconnaissance and early warning, air strike, air and missile defense, and strategic projection. It is developing such advanced weaponry and equipment as new-generation fighters and new-type ground-to-air missiles and radar systems, improving its early warning, command and communications networks, and raising its strategic early warning, strategic deterrence and long-distance air strike capabilities. The PLAAF now has a total strength of 398,000 officers and men, and an air command in each of the seven Military Area Commands (MACs) of Shenyang, Beijing, Lanzhou, Jinan, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Chengdu. In addition, it commands one airborne corps. Under each air command are bases, aviation divisions (brigades), ground-to-air missile divisions (brigades), radar brigades and other units.

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