Jonathan Nolan has been, at least in part, responsible for some of the biggest movies of the last decade. Working with his brother Christopher, Nolan scripted both The Dark Knight, and The Dark Knight Rises, as well as cult classics Memento and The Prestige.
喬納森·諾蘭（Jonathan Nolan）負(fù)責(zé)制作過，起碼參與制作了過去十年中幾部最成功電影作品。他與哥哥克里斯托弗·諾蘭（Christopher Nolan）不僅共同創(chuàng)作了《蝙蝠俠：黑暗騎士》（Dark Knight）以及《蝙蝠俠：黑暗騎士崛起》（The Dark Knight Rises）的劇本，還寫出了《記憶碎片》（Memento）和《致命魔術(shù)》（The Prestige）這兩部懸疑經(jīng)典。

He’s recently been working on his own, as creator and showrunner of Channel 5’s crime thriller, Person of Interest, the first season of which is released on Blu-Ray and DVD this week, our review is here.
最近，他又有了一份新工作，那就是擔(dān)任他自己開發(fā)的罪案美劇《疑犯追蹤》（Person of Interest）的主創(chuàng)與監(jiān)制。該劇第一季的藍(lán)光碟和DVD已于本周正式發(fā)售。?

We recently spoke to Nolan to promote the release, and during our conversation he spoke about the creeping impact of surveillance on our society, the comparisons between superhero stories and classical epics, and the enjoyment he feels collaborating with other people.
值此之際，HeyUGuys網(wǎng)站專門去采訪了諾蘭。他在采訪中聊到了監(jiān)控給我們社會帶來的可怕影響，探討了超級英雄故事與傳奇史詩的對比關(guān)系以及與他人合作的愉快經(jīng)歷。?

HeyUGuys: What was the origin of Person of Interest, when did it come about?

Jonathan Nolan: I lived in the UK until I was 11, and then moved to the states. At that point we had CCTV cameras everywhere in London, then I move to the states and they didn’t have them anywhere. It was a big difference, and it got me fascinated with the idea of surveillance, and the idea of who’s watching. There are the cameras, but who’s on the other side of them.

HeyUGuys（以下簡稱為H）：《疑犯追蹤》最初的創(chuàng)意來自哪里？你是什么時(shí)候產(chǎn)生靈感的？

喬納森·諾蘭（以下簡稱為N）：我11歲移民來美國之前一直都住在英國，那時(shí)候倫敦街頭隨處可見監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)，后來我搬到美國卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這兒幾乎看不到監(jiān)控?cái)z像頭的蹤影。這種情況和英國簡直是天壤之別，我當(dāng)時(shí)就對監(jiān)控這個(gè)概念很著迷，很好奇是誰監(jiān)視著我們。我們都知道監(jiān)控設(shè)備的存在，但鏡頭背后是什么呢？

So for you it’s about the surveillance culture rather than exploring people going off and acting upon what they see?

I think it’s about both. I’m fascinated with the world becoming a quite considerably stranger place, while looking the same on the outside.

H：如此說來，比起探究人們對所看到之事做出的反應(yīng)，其實(shí)你對監(jiān)控文化更感興趣？

N：兩者兼而有之吧。歸根結(jié)底，當(dāng)今世界正在朝著一個(gè)相當(dāng)奇怪的方向變化才是我最感興趣的。不過從表面來看，這個(gè)世界似乎還是一樣。

There’s a degree of distrust of government in the series as well.

Absolutely. I think there should be a healthy distrust. It’s not a political decision so much as a recognition that our capacity, and our government’s capacity to keep an eye on us; and honestly, lately more than the government, companies like Google and Facebook that make me wonder. Their capacity to surveil us far outstrips the laws, and outpaces the laws that we’ve enacted to keep track of them.

There’s a problem, and a growing problem, and it’s not going to get better any time soon. By the time the laws have been changed to reflect – privacy laws are a fascinating example. In the states right now, at the very least, and I haven’t kept pace with privacy laws in the UK – but in the states, there’s virtually zero protection. Nothing. Our information’s spewing into this pile, and we don’t really have a great idea who controls it and what they do with it. And frankly by the time the laws have been changed to give a little more transparency about what’s happening with that – Let me give you an example: do you have an iPhone?

H：《疑犯追蹤》還體現(xiàn)了對政府的一定程度的不信任。

N：沒錯(cuò)。我認(rèn)為大家都應(yīng)該對政府保留健康的不信任度。這不是什么政治立場，而是對我們自身能力的了解，對政府服務(wù)大眾能力的認(rèn)知。說實(shí)話，比起政府，像谷歌和臉書那樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司現(xiàn)在更讓我好奇。這些公司監(jiān)視我們的本領(lǐng)比法律大多了，并且發(fā)展速度超過了制約它們的法律的立法速度。

這就是個(gè)問題，一個(gè)越發(fā)嚴(yán)重的問題，一個(gè)近期無法完全解決的問題。其實(shí)針對這些問題，法律也有所改善，隱私法就是一個(gè)極好的例子。但目前至少在美國，因?yàn)槲也]有隨時(shí)了解英國隱私法的近況，我們的個(gè)人隱私幾乎沒有得到任何保護(hù)。根本沒有保護(hù)措施。個(gè)人信息被大量需要，而我們一點(diǎn)也不了解誰負(fù)責(zé)管理這些機(jī)密信息，他們又將怎樣使用我們的隱私；可是增強(qiáng)信息管理透明度的法律還沒出臺。我來給你舉個(gè)例子吧，你用iphone么？

I have an Android.

It’s roughly the same thing. Google in many ways is an admirable company, any company whose internal slogan is, ‘don’t be evil’, it’s sort of self-evident. There’s great capacity there to do evil. The people there are very idealistic and interesting people, but the capacity that Google already has, using your phone to abuse that information – it’s really just a question of who’s running the company, and what they’re doing with that information. It’s not about insidious threat, I think it’s more of a creeping threat, where you’re monitored and surveiled in ways that Orwell couldn’t possibly have dreamt of.

H：我用安卓手機(jī)。

N：基本上是一樣的。谷歌從許多方面來說都是一家令人欽佩的公司，而任何一家這樣的公司的內(nèi)部口號都是“別做壞事”，這是不言而喻的。這樣的公司有足夠大的能力去做壞事。在那里工作的人們很有趣并懷揣理想主義，但谷歌已然具備了通過你的電話肆意使用信息的能力，而誰在運(yùn)作著這家公司，他們會把這些信息用來做什么，這就是問題所在了。這并不是一種潛在危險(xiǎn)，我覺得這更像是一種令人毛骨悚然的威脅，你被到處監(jiān)視，其系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視的方式是連奧威爾（Orwell）做夢都想不到的。（諾蘭指作家喬治·奧威爾的作品《一九八四》中虛構(gòu)的監(jiān)視設(shè)備“電幕”。）

Do you do a lot of investigation into these things, and the technology behind it.

We do a fair amount of research, and the writers here – we have a big writing staff, and I think we’ve corrupted all of them to see the world in a slightly different, darker way, suddenly exchanging e-mails with each other about the latest developments. It’s overwhelming. There’s so much of it, it’s such a groundswell here. People for the most part getting on with their lives, they don’t really pay attention.

We’re at the advent of this, and I don’t see much future in this, but you have domestic law enforcement agencies: municipal law enforcement agencies, at least, agitating to get their own drones. Again, I think that’s kind of a blip on the radar, but it’s fascinating none the less. We’re in an arms race here with surveillance that we – we being civilian consumers, regular people – are definitely losing.

H：你對這些事與其背后的科技做了很多調(diào)查嗎？

N：我們確實(shí)做了大量的研究，還有編劇們——我們擁有一個(gè)龐大的編劇團(tuán)隊(duì)，最近我們用電子郵件交流的時(shí)候，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的世界觀都發(fā)生了細(xì)微的變化，變得有些黑暗了?，F(xiàn)在我們這兒的世界觀發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。人們習(xí)慣了信息被濫用的生活，他們并沒有真正注意到這方面的問題。

我們的隱私岌岌可危，雖然我無法從中預(yù)料到未來會如何，但至少國內(nèi)的市政執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)會擁有無人機(jī)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。再有，我覺得隱私就像雷達(dá)上閃現(xiàn)的一個(gè)光點(diǎn)，即使如此也足夠吸引大家的目光。我們身處軍備競爭和監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境之中，作為平民消費(fèi)者和普通人的身份正在消失。