寫作題目

We have been living in the nuclear age for over half a century. Since the ?rst atomic bombs were developed, nuclear technology has provided governments with the ability to totally destroy the planet. Yet technology has been put into positive use as an energy source and in certain areas of medicine. Is nuclear technology a danger to life on Earth? What are bene?ts and risks associated with its use? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

In the ?rst part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks .

寫作思路

核能的利用與開發(fā)是當(dāng)下的一個(gè)熱門話題。本題在一開始就介紹了有關(guān)核能的眾所周知的危險(xiǎn)和益處，這些觀點(diǎn)都有道理，也都是有據(jù)可查的。因此，對(duì)于這樣的一個(gè)題目，我們的態(tài)度可以是如下兩種：一種是認(rèn)為核能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)很多，雖然有危險(xiǎn)，但可以控制；另一種是認(rèn)為雖然核能有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但會(huì)給人類造成巨大的威脅，因此最好不再利用。不管采取哪種觀點(diǎn)，我們都最好加入讓步段，這樣會(huì)使觀點(diǎn)看起來更為全面，畢竟，談核能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而對(duì)危險(xiǎn)避而不談，或是談危險(xiǎn)而忽視它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)都是不可取的。

范文

Nuclear Technology: Bene?cial or Disastrous?

One question that has caused a great deal of controversy over the years is nuclear technology. Although it offers a number of advantages in world peace and green power, it is also a dangerous technology. Nuclear weapons pose the greatest threat to life. Even the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes also carries some serious risks. In this essay, however, I intend to show how the bene?ts of such technology counterbalance its disadvantages.

The opponents of nuclear power generally base their arguments on the danger it presents to the world. There are two main dangers: the risk of nuclear warfare and the nuclear disasters. The danger of nuclear war is obvious and if one thinks about Chernobyl, it is easy to understand why people are worried about nuclear power, as it can cause major suffering.

There are, however, good reasons for believing that nuclear technology is generally advantageous. The first of these is that there has not been a major world conflict since the invention of nuclear weapons. Although nuclear weapons have enlarged the mechanism of war by threatening to kill more people more secretly and more horribly than those of the past, it is generally agreed that such weapons should be the last thing to be thought of as a means to win a war because there would be no winner in any nuclear conflict. If anything goes wrong, the scale of destruction on human lives and civilization is beyond imagination. The nightmare of Hiroshima is a vivid memory, so nuclear weapons hidden in stock somewhere serve to maintain world peace by theory of counter-attack .

The other most significant benefit relates to the environment. Perhaps the greatest danger facing our world today is a combination of global warming and the greenhouse effect. This danger is caused partly by burning fossil fuel, which leads to our polluted atmosphere. Nuclear power, however, is a much greener alternative which does not have such negative effects.

Already power plants have been in operation in a number of countries. These are successful?examples to be followed. All in all, although it is true that nuclear weapons pose the greatest threat to life, the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes is really bene? cial. In all appearances, the fear of war is overcome by the need for economic development.

★用詞亮點(diǎn)

controversy ：爭(zhēng)議

counterbalance ：抵消 ，使平衡

opponent ：反對(duì)者

the scale of destruction ：破壞的范圍

counter-attack ：反擊

alternative ：替換物

in operation ：工作 中，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著 ?

★句式亮點(diǎn)

Although nuclear weapons have enlarged the mechanism of war by threatening to kill more people more secretly and more horribly than those of the past, it is generally agreed that such weapons should be the last thing to be thought of as a means to win a war because there would be no winner in any nuclear conflict.

本句的長(zhǎng)度是考生作文中難得一見的。本句的主干為讓步狀語從句，其從句部分包含了并列結(jié)構(gòu)和比較結(jié)構(gòu)，而主句部分則包含了主語從句和原因狀語從句。本句不僅句式復(fù)雜 ，而且還在句末使用了虛擬語氣“because there would be no winner in any nuclear conflict”，說明了爆發(fā)核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的不可能性。本句句意為：雖然核武器 由于比以前的武器能更秘密地、更恐怖地殺死更多的人而擴(kuò)大了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，但人們普遍贊同這樣一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，那就是這樣的武器應(yīng)該是最不應(yīng)該用來贏得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的，因?yàn)樵谌魏魏藳_突中都沒有贏家。

The nightmare of Hiroshima is a vivid memory, so nuclear weapons hidden in stock somewhere serve to maintain world peace by theory of counter-attack.

本句用連詞so將前后兩句連接成因果關(guān)系復(fù)合句。很多同學(xué)喜歡將so放在句首，甚至還有些同學(xué)在so后添加逗號(hào)，這些做法都是不符合語法的。這是因?yàn)閟o只是連接因果關(guān)系復(fù)合句前后兩個(gè)小句的連詞而已，如果需要在句首表示“因此”這樣的意思，可以用However 、Thus等替代。本句句意為：廣島的噩夢(mèng)大家還記憶猶新，因此，由于忌憚反擊，藏在某個(gè)地方的核武器也可以幫助我們維護(hù)世界和平。

★篇章亮點(diǎn)

本文作者認(rèn)為核能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)抵消了它給人類帶來的威脅。這既承認(rèn)了核能的危險(xiǎn)性，又明確地表明了自己的態(tài)度：即核能功大于過。同時(shí)，這也顯示了作者是在非常理性地思考這一問題。既然功大于過，那么就需要簡(jiǎn)要地介紹一下核能的“過”，因此，在第二段中，作者用幾句話介紹了反對(duì)核能者的兩大理由，這些危險(xiǎn)也是已經(jīng)被整個(gè)社會(huì)認(rèn)可的。針對(duì)這兩大理由，作者馬上提出了核能相應(yīng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：一是它可以給人以震懾，這樣反而維護(hù)了世界和平；二是和平利用核能有利于環(huán)境保護(hù)。這兩點(diǎn)正是對(duì)反對(duì)者提出的核能給人類帶來的兩大威脅（核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、核污染）的有力駁斥。綜上所述，整篇文章中作者緊扣主題句，先破后立，駁斥時(shí)針對(duì)性強(qiáng)、有理有據(jù)，結(jié)構(gòu)安排合理，很好地完成了題目的要求。?