Bottlenose dolphins can call each other by name when they whistle,

making them the only animals besides humans know to recognize such ? ? ?1. __________

identity information, scientists reported on Monday.

Dolphins communicate as humans by calling each other by name, ? ? ? ? ? 2. __________

scientists in Fife reported on Monday.

Scientists have long known that dolphins’ whistling calls including repeated ?????3. __________

information thought to be their names, but a new study indicates dolphins

recognize these names even when voice cues are removed in the sound.??????? ?4. __________

St Andrews University researchers studying in Sarasota Bay off

Florida’s west coast Florida discovered bottlenose dolphins used names

rather than sound to identify each other.

The three-years-study was funded by the Royal Society of London. ? ? ? ? 5. __________

Dr Vincent Janik, of the Sea Mammal Unit at St Andrews University,

said they conduced the research on wild dolphins. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?6. __________

?“We captured wild dolphins using nets when they came near the

?shore,” he said.

?“Then in the deep water we recoded their whistles before synthesizing??? ?????7. __________

?them on a computer with the caller’s voice features removed so that we

have a computer voice of a dolphin.” ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. __________

“Then we played it back to the dolphins through an underwater speaker

and we found they responded coolly. This showed us that the dolphins ? ? ? 9. __________

know each other’s signature whistle instead just the voice.”??????????????? ??10. _________

“Now we know they have labels for each other like we do.”

The findings are published in the US journal the Proceedings of the

National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

答案與解析

1. 答案：know —known

試題分析：本題為動(dòng)詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：詞組make...known表示“使……著稱(chēng)”，句意為 “除了人類(lèi)，寬吻海豚是唯一一種以能辨別同類(lèi)身份著稱(chēng)的動(dòng)物”。而make...know表示“使……知道”，不符合原文。

2. 答案as —like

試題分析：本題為介詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：like表示“像 ” ，句意為“海豚像人類(lèi)一樣 ，能互相用姓名稱(chēng)呼對(duì)方”。而

as表示“作為” ，海豚不能作為人類(lèi) ，語(yǔ)意不對(duì) 。

3. 答案including —include

試題分析：本題為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：dolphins’whistling calls作為that從句 中的主語(yǔ) ，repeated information作為句 中

的賓語(yǔ)，缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 ，因此include要用原形而不是-ing分詞 。

4. 答案in —from

試題分析：本題為介詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：動(dòng)詞remove搭配介詞from ，表示“從 ……中去除”。

5. 答案years —year

試題分析：本題為名詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：關(guān)于復(fù)合詞 的用法 ，three years study如果用連字符合成一個(gè)詞， “year”要 用單數(shù)形式 。

6. 答案conduced –- conducted

試題分析：本題為動(dòng)詞誤用 。

詳細(xì)解答：conduce是不及物動(dòng)詞 ，表示 “導(dǎo)致” ，conduct表示 “進(jìn)行 、實(shí)施”。句 中

指“他們對(duì)野生海豚進(jìn)行 了研究” ，故用后者 。

7. 答案deep —shallow

試題分析：本題為邏輯錯(cuò)誤 。

詳細(xì)解答：科學(xué)家錄制野生海豚的叫聲是在淺海水域 ，而非深海水域 。

8. 答案have —had

試題分析：本題為時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤 。

詳細(xì)解答：整個(gè)句子都是在敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情 ，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

9. 答案coolly —strongly

試題分析：本題為邏輯錯(cuò)誤 。

詳細(xì)解答：由于海豚能聽(tīng)懂同類(lèi)的呼喚 ，因此反應(yīng)“很強(qiáng)烈” ，而不是“很冷淡”。

10. 答案instead∧—of

試題分析：本題為缺詞錯(cuò)誤 。

詳細(xì)解答：instead后面只能跟句子 ，且后要加逗號(hào) ，而instead of 后面跟名詞詞組 。

重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)詞匯

1. bottlenose 寬吻

2. Fife 法夫（英國(guó)蘇格蘭行政區(qū)名 ）

3. synthesize 使合成

4. the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 《美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào) 》