IV 合理推斷
聽力考試不同于其他項(xiàng)目的考試，考生的成績更依賴考試期間的臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮。有時(shí)考生會(huì)因?yàn)橐粫r(shí)的緊張而放棄整套新聞聽力理解題，或者空著不選，或者亂選一氣，這都是很不可取的應(yīng)試態(tài)度。即便只聽到有限的幾個(gè)單詞，也不能輕易放棄，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)所掌握的背景知識(shí)去大膽推斷。

如2005年第1篇考題：
Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin to ______.
A. eliminate bacteria ? ? B. treat burns
C. speed up recovery ? D. reduce treatment cost
此題也可通過推斷得出答案。蛙皮的作用究竟是什么？跟選項(xiàng)A（殺菌）似乎遠(yuǎn)了些，選項(xiàng)C（加速恢復(fù)）和選項(xiàng)D（減少治療成本）都顯得過于籠統(tǒng)，沒有針對(duì)性。而選項(xiàng)B（治療燒傷），以皮治皮在邏輯上與蛙皮的作用更為接近，因此我們可以推斷答案是B。

又如2011年第2篇新聞的第1題：
What does the news item say about the fi res in Greece?
A. Fires only occurred near the Greek capital.
B. Fires near the capital were the biggest.
C. Fires near the capital caused casualties.
D. Fires near the capital were soon under control.
此題也需通過推理得出答案。新聞開篇導(dǎo)語提及Greek firefighters plan to continue to?work through the night to contain dozens of wildfi res, including a massive blaze outside Athens.
由此可見首都雅典附近的火勢(shì)最為迅猛，因此答案為B。

再如2012年第3篇新聞的第2題：
How many reasons does the news item cite for Japan’s slow economic growth?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
新聞中沒有直接提到導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展停滯的原因數(shù)目，需要通過內(nèi)容推斷數(shù)量。新聞中提到經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展滯后的原因包括出口增長減速與消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)停滯：Monday’s report said?export growth slowed and consumer spending stalled. 共提到兩個(gè)原因，所以答案為A。

V 火眼金睛
聽力考試效率是關(guān)鍵?？搭}目要看題眼，用最短的時(shí)間找到最關(guān)鍵的詞，看選項(xiàng)則要火眼金睛，在最短時(shí)間內(nèi)排除干擾項(xiàng)。這就需要我們看選項(xiàng)時(shí)要留意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)之間的區(qū)別，以便排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。及時(shí)排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)有助于提高做題的正確率。

如2007年的第3篇考到聯(lián)合國憲章的作用：
Which of the following best describes the role of the Charter?
A. The Charter only describes powers of the UN bodies.
B. The Charter mainly aims to promote world economy.
C. The Charter is a treaty above all other treaties.
D. The Charter authorizes reforms in UN bodies.
這篇新聞主旨為聯(lián)合國各與會(huì)代表發(fā)言慶祝聯(lián)合國憲章制訂60周年。新聞中明確提到聯(lián)合國憲章最重要的一點(diǎn)就是它高于其他一切條約，可以首先排除選項(xiàng)B。新聞中最后提到聯(lián)合國的改革，但沒有提到改革與憲章的關(guān)系，因此可排除選項(xiàng)D。制訂聯(lián)合國憲章的主要目的在于解決國際爭端，維護(hù)世界和平與發(fā)展，選項(xiàng)A只提及憲章所包含的重要內(nèi)容，與聯(lián)合國憲章地位與作用的準(zhǔn)確描述不符，因此加以排除。答案為C。

又如2008年的第2篇考到登月錄像帶的最初存放地：
The tapes of the Apollo-11 mission were fi rst stored in .
A. a US government archives warehouse
B. a NASA ground tracking station
C. the Goddard Space Flight Centre
D. none of the above places
新聞中提到的相關(guān)地址有：NASA ground tracking stations（美國宇航局的地面跟蹤站）、Goddard Space Flight Center（戈達(dá)德航天中心）和 US Government archives?warehouse（美國國家檔案館）。如何區(qū)別這幾個(gè)地址是得分關(guān)鍵，其中最大的干擾項(xiàng)就是選項(xiàng)B。因地面跟蹤站最先被提到，就很可能被誤認(rèn)為是最先存放錄像帶的地方，根據(jù)The pictures of that historic footstep and everything else about that and subsequent Apollo?moon landings were recorded on magnetic tape at three NASA ground tracking stations around?the world.可推定地面跟蹤站只是完成了記錄工作，而后資料被運(yùn)往戈達(dá)德航天中心（The
tapes were then shipped to a NASA Operations center near Washington, the Goddard Space Flight?Center.）最后才被轉(zhuǎn)移到檔案館（In late 1969, the space agency began transferring them
and tens of thousands of tapes from other space missions to a nearby US Government archives?warehouse.）因此最先存放地為選項(xiàng)C（戈達(dá)德航天中心）。

再如2009年第2篇第1題考到導(dǎo)致火車出軌的原因：
The cause of the Indian train accident was ______.
A. terrorist sabotage ? ? ? ? ?B. yet to be determined
C. lack of communications ? D. bad weather
新聞中提到：...which some government offi cials say could have been caused by terrorist?sabotage.這里could have been caused體現(xiàn)的僅是一種猜測(cè)，選項(xiàng)A就被排除了。新聞中確實(shí)提到了lack of communication 和bad weather，根據(jù)The accident occurred in a remote area with?poor telecommunication links. Many victims remained tracked in the wreckage through the night?before they were rescued. A spokesman for Eastern Railway says rescue operations were slowed?down by bad weather, but are now fully on the way.這段可知通訊差和天氣差這兩項(xiàng)是導(dǎo)致救援工作不能順利高效展開的原因而非造成事故發(fā)生的原因，可以排除C和D。再根據(jù)An?investigation has been ordered to identify the cause of the accident.可以推斷出導(dǎo)致事故發(fā)生的原因尚在調(diào)查之中，所以答案為B。

又如2010年第3篇第2題考到導(dǎo)致火災(zāi)的原因：
The likely cause of the big fire is ______.
A. electrical short circuit ? B. lack of fire-safety measurements
C. terrorism ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. not known
新聞中提到：Evacuated employees said Authorities told them, they had ruled out terrorism?and that an electrical short circuit had likely sparked the fi re.因此選項(xiàng)C就首先被排除了，選項(xiàng)A則被保留，大火的起因是電線短路。新聞末尾提到：Egypt requires some fire safety?measures in buildings, including fire extinguishers, but in general the rules are not strictly?enforced. 于是選項(xiàng)B成了最大的干擾項(xiàng)，埃及確實(shí)應(yīng)該采取更多的防火措施，但這與本次議會(huì)大火并不構(gòu)成直接因果關(guān)系，也需被排除，所以答案為A。

此外2011年第2篇新聞的第2題考到政府救火動(dòng)用的措施：
According to the news, what measure did authorities take to fi ght the fi res?
A. Troops were brought in to help the fi refi ghters.
B. Residents were asked to vacate their homes.
C. Air operations and water drops continued overnight.
D. Another six fi re engines joined the fi refi ghting operation.
新聞中提到政府動(dòng)用軍隊(duì)救火，包括海軍與空軍：“Authorities mobilized units?from the Navy, Air Force, and Marines to assist the fi refi ghters in Grammatiko,” the state fire?department said. 選項(xiàng)A中的troops指的正是軍隊(duì)，可以包括海軍與空軍，因此答案為A。

還有2012年第3篇新聞第2題考到經(jīng)濟(jì)增長幅度的差值：
According to the news item, Japan’s economic growth in the second quarter was
less than the fi rst quarter.
A. 4 percent B. 3 percent C. 0.6 percent D. 3.4 percent
此題看起來很簡單，卻也容易犯錯(cuò)。根據(jù)新聞中Japan’s cabinet office said Monday?gross domestic product rose an annualized 0.4 percent in the three months ended June 3rd,?compared with a revised 4.4 percent expansion in the fi rst quarter. 可知兩個(gè)季度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長幅度的差值為4%。因此答案為A。