學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。

1. 大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞都可以帶賓語從句；

2.?1）從句為陳述句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that或?qū)hat省略，直接與主句相連

2）從句為一般疑問句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞if或whether。在 whether … or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用 if 替換

3）從句為特殊疑問句，常選擇what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑問代、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞

例1：

He told me (that) he would go to college the next year.

他告訴我他明年上大學(xué)。

例2：

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

我不知道是否還會(huì)有公交車。

3. 賓語從句必須用陳述語序。

4. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)受主句的限制，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。

主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)。如果從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，則從句要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。

真題示例：

Some psychologists claim that people__________?(出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)).

1.?本題考查賓語從句，需用陳述語序

2.?主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)具體情況定，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可表達(dá)清楚

3.?感到孤獨(dú)：feel lonely?；出門在外：far away from home或travelling等可以。

答案：might feel lonely when they are far(away) from home?或might feel lonely when they are traveling (they are not in their hometown)

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：

1. I wonder __________ he is crying now.

A. that?????????? B. why?????????? C. how?????????? D. when

2. Could you tell me how much __________ to fly to Hainan?

A. do it cost??? B. does it cost C. it cost??????? D. it costs

3. That is the day?__________I'll never forget.

A. which ???B. on which ?C. in which ? ??D. when

4. The poor young man is ready to accept __________ help he can get.?
A. whichever ?B. however? C. whatever?????????? D. whenever

5. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ___________ his teammates had done.?
A. what???? ??? B. which　　?C. why????? ??? D. while

6. Please tell me __________.

A. what does he like????? B. what he does like

C. what he likes??????????? D. what he like

7. My sister told him _________.

A. what day was it???????? B. when the train arrived

C. who she was waiting? D. where did you live

8. Could you show me ___________？

A. how can I get to the station????? B. where is the station

C. how I could get to the station?? D. how I can reach the station

9. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ___________.?
A. it what to do with???? ???????????????????? B. what to do it with??

C. what to do with it???? ???????????????????? D. to do what with it

10. Can you lend me the book?___________the other day?

A. about which you talked ?????? B. which you talked

C. about that you talked ????????? D. that you talked

翻譯演練：

1. He explains ______________（限制不再適合于他）because he’s over eighteen.

2. To our surprise, the report said ______________（設(shè)計(jì)失誤導(dǎo)致了悲劇）.

3. Little did I know ______________（多少經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)軌蚴刮沂芤妫?

答案及解析：

1. B 2. D?3. A?4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9.C?10. A

翻譯答案：

1. the restriction no longer applies to him

2. design faults lead to the tragedy

3. how much experience would benefit me

【解析】

1.?賓語從句。關(guān)系副詞why充當(dāng)wonder的賓語，that不能充當(dāng)任何成分，其他關(guān)系副詞不符合句意。句意為：我想知道他現(xiàn)在為什么在哭。

2.?賓語從句中使用陳述語句，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

3. which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語。

4.?本題考查的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，同時(shí)作get的賓語。B、D兩項(xiàng)在句中是作狀語的；由于沒有給出明確的指代物，故A項(xiàng)也不合適；答案為C。

5.?由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知mention后為賓語從句；do作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)為及物動(dòng)詞，故空格處需要既能作do的賓語，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞，答案為A。
6.?陳述語句中，從句用陳述語序。

7.?賓語從句中，從句用陳述語序，排除A、D;C選項(xiàng)中，who不能充當(dāng)tell sb sth中的sth這一直接賓語的成分。

8.?賓語從句中，從句用陳述語序，從句和主句的時(shí)態(tài)需保持一致。因此，選D。

9. “疑問詞+不定式”作及物動(dòng)詞know的賓語，選項(xiàng)中it代替了the land，故正確答案為C。

10. “談到某事物”應(yīng)說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。

翻譯：

1.?所譯部分為explain的賓語從句，需要完整的句子，并且主干為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句中也應(yīng)該為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。“適用于”apply to。apply for“申請”。

2.?賓語從句：所譯部分作整個(gè)句子的賓語從句，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整的句子，并且主干為過去時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)；“導(dǎo)致”lead to：lead to sth. “導(dǎo)致某事”；“設(shè)計(jì)失誤”design fault。

3.?帶疑問詞的賓語從句。所譯部分作賓語從句，需要一個(gè)完整的句子，并且此句含有疑問代詞how much；“使受益”benefit。

近期：滬江四六級(jí)將考后放出2012年12月英語四級(jí)答案及真題信息